Wavelet texture analysis of on-line acquired images for paper formation assessment and monitoring

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFP-4TN82BP-2/2/0f2b38841a24101a06bac25004632e0

Resultados do European Quality Scoreboard e do Perfil Nacional da Qualidade

o projeto “ World State of Quality ”, posicionado na esfera da macroqualidade, estudou os desempenhos dos 28 países da união e uropeia, através de um total de 21 indicadores, refletidos nos valores de 2016 obtidos para o European Quality Scoreboard (eQs). os resultados mostram a existência de uma pluralidade de perfis da qualidade, não havendo, nenhum país que tenha apenas excelentes ou maus resultados. portugal ocupa um nível agregado de macroqualidade que coloca o nosso país em 15º lugar no contexto da união europeia, com indicadores que se situam entre o 4º e o 24º lugaresinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Heteroscedastic latent variable modelling with applications to multivariate statistical process control

We present an approach for conducting multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) in noisy environments, i.e., when the signal to noise ratio is low, and, furthermore, noise standard deviation (uncertainty) affecting each collected value can vary over time, and is assumingly known. This approach is based upon a latent variable model structure, HLV (standing for heteroscedastic latent variable model), that explicitly integrates information regarding data uncertainty. Moderate amounts of missing data can also be handled in a coherent and fully integrated way through HLV. Several examples show the added value achieved under noisy conditions by adopting such an approach and a case study illustrates its application to a real industrial context of pulp and paper product quality data analysis.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TFP-4GX1HVW-2/1/c5e6b0a181b2fb4ffd7803ff38c9dac

Multiscale statistical process control with multiresolution data

An approach is presented for conducting multiscale statistical process control that adequately integrates data at different resolutions (multiresolution data), called MR-MSSPC. Its general structure is based on Bakshi's MSSPC framework designed to handle data at a single resolution. Significant modifications were introduced in order to process multiresolution information. The main MR-MSSPC features are presented and illustrated through three examples. Issues related to real world implementations and with the interpretation of the multiscale covariance structure are addressed in a fourth example, where a CSTR system under feedback control is simulated. Our approach proved to be able to provide a clearer definition of the regions where significant events occur and a more sensitive response when the process is brought back to normal operation, when it is compared with previous approaches based on single resolution data. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 200

Fault detection in the Tennessee Eastman benchmark process using dynamic principal components analysis based on decorrelated residuals (DPCA-DR)

Current multivariate control charts for monitoring large scale industrial processes are typically based on latent variable models, such as principal component analysis (PCA) or its dynamic counterpart when variables present auto-correlation (DPCA). In fact, it is usually considered that, under such conditions, DPCA is capable to effectively deal with both the cross- and auto-correlated nature of data. However, it can easily be verified that the resulting monitoring statistics (T2 and Q, also referred by SPE) still present significant auto-correlation. To handle this issue, a set of multivariate statistics based on DPCA and on the generation of decorrelated residuals were developed, that present low auto-correlation levels, and therefore are better positioned to implement SPC in a more consistent and stable way (DPCA-DR). The monitoring performance of these statistics was compared with that from other alternative methodologies for the well-known Tennessee Eastman process benchmark. From this study, we conclude that the proposed statistics had the highest detection rates on 19 out of the 21 faults, and are statistically superior to their PCA and DPCA counterparts. DPCA-DR statistics also presented lower auto-correlation, which simplifies their implementation and improves their reliability

Abordagem cultural da física : discussão sobre o uso de linguagens diferenciadas no ensino de ciências

Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa desenvolvida com alunos de um curso de formação de professores sobre as possibilidades de abordar linguagens diferenciadas para tratar de temas metacientíficos. Para esse fim, foi propôs-se aos alunos a leitura do livro Cândido de Voltaire e de algumas Cartas Inglesas, com vistas a discutir a importância da obra de Newton sobre os contextos cultural e filosófico do século XVIII. A pesquisa permitiu perceber que o contato com uma abordagem cultural para a física newtoniana potencializa reflexões em torno ao conhecimento científico, de forma a destacar a ciência como produzida a partir do diálogo entre diferentes saberes. Dessa forma, a utilização de textos diferenciados permitiu que temas metacientíficos fossem trabalhados, tornando mais complexa a visão dos alunos

ESBies: safety in the tranches

It is well known that rational bubbles can be sustained in balanced growth path of a deterministic economy when the return to capital r is equal to the growth rate g. When there is a lack of stores of value, bubbles can implement an e¢ cient allocation. This paper considers a world where r áuctuates over time due to shocks to the marginal productivity of capital. Then, bubbles further e¢ ciency, though they cannot implement Örst best. While bubbles can only be sustained when r = g in a deterministic economy, r > g "on average" in a stochastic economy. Fiscal policy improves welfare by adding an extra asset. Where only the elderly contribute to shifting resources between investment and consumption in a bubbly economy, Öscal policy allows part of that burden to be shifted to the young. Contrary to common wisdom, trade in bubbly assets implements intergenerational transfers, while Öscal policy implements intragenerational transfers. Hence, while bubbles and Öscal policy are perfect substitutes in the deterministic economy, Öscal policy dominates bubbles in a stochastic economy. For plausible parameter values, a higher degree of dynamic ine¢ ciency should lead to a higher sovereign debt