113 research outputs found

    Prolonged Bartonella henselae Bacteremia Caused by Reinfection in Cats

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    We analyzed the genetic relatedness of blood culture isolates of Bartonella henselae from 2 cats of patients with cat-scratch disease at admission and after 12 months. Isolates from each cat at different times were clonally unrelated, which suggested reinfection by a second strain

    Multi-Locus Sequence Typing of a Geographically and Temporally Diverse Sample of the Highly Clonal Human Pathogen Bartonella quintana

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    Bartonella quintana is a re-emerging pathogen and the causative agent of a variety of disease manifestations in humans including trench fever. Various typing methods have been developed for B. quintana, but these tend to be limited by poor resolution and, in the case of gel-based methods, a lack of portability. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) has been used to study the molecular epidemiology of a large number of pathogens, including B. henselae, a close relative of B. quintana. We developed a MLST scheme for B. quintana based on the 7 MLST loci employed for B. henselae with two additional loci to cover underrepresented regions of the B. quintana chromosome. A total of 16 B. quintana isolates spanning over 60 years and three continents were characterized. Allelic variation was detected in five of the nine loci. Although only 8/4270 (0.002%) of the nucleotide sites examined were variable over all loci, these polymorphisms resolved the 16 isolates into seven sequence types (STs). We also demonstrate that MLST can be applied on uncultured isolates by direct PCR from cardiac valve tissue, and suggest this method presents a promising approach for epidemiological studies in this highly clonal organism. Phylogenetic and clustering analyses suggest that two of the seven STs form a distinct lineage within the population

    Noch Steigerungsfähig? Die Compliance mit der Händehygiene unter psychologischen Gesichtspunkten

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    Die hygienische Händedesinfektion ist eine effektive und einfache Maßnahme zur Prävention von Infektionen im Gesundheitswesen. Am 5. Mai, dem von der WHO initiierten „Internationalen Tag der Händehygiene“, soll alljährlich die Aufmerksamkeit des Gesundheitspersonals auf dieses Thema gelenkt werden, denn oft lässt sich trotz regelmäßiger Schulungen und Kampagnen die Händehygiene-Compliance ab einem gewissen Punkt nicht weiter steigern. Im Beitrag wird das Potenzial zur weiteren Verbesserung der Compliance vor allem anhand psychologischer Aspekte erläutert, die neben der Ausstattung und der Wissensvermittlung einen wichtigen Teil der nachhaltigen Stärkung der Händehygiene ausmachen.Peer Reviewe

    Noch steigerungsfähig? Die Compliance mit der Händehygiene unter psychologischen Gesichtspunkten

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    Die hygienische Händedesinfektion ist eine effektive und einfache Maßnahme zur Prävention von Infektionen im Gesundheitswesen. Am 5. Mai, dem von der WHO initiierten „Internationalen Tag der Händehygiene“, soll alljährlich die Aufmerksamkeit des Gesundheitspersonals auf dieses Thema gelenkt werden, denn oft lässt sich trotz regelmäßiger Schulungen und Kampagnen die Händehygiene-Compliance ab einem gewissen Punkt nicht weiter steigern. Im Beitrag wird das Potenzial zur weiteren Verbesserung der Compliance vor allem anhand psychologischer Aspekte erläutert, die neben der Ausstattung und der Wissensvermittlung einen wichtigen Teil der nachhaltigen Stärkung der Händehygiene ausmachen.Peer Reviewe

    Noch Steigerungsfähig? Die Compliance mit der Händehygiene unter psychologischen Gesichtspunkten

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    Die hygienische Händedesinfektion ist eine effektive und einfache Maßnahme zur Prävention von Infektionen im Gesundheitswesen. Am 5. Mai, dem von der WHO initiierten „Internationalen Tag der Händehygiene“, soll alljährlich die Aufmerksamkeit des Gesundheitspersonals auf dieses Thema gelenkt werden, denn oft lässt sich trotz regelmäßiger Schulungen und Kampagnen die Händehygiene-Compliance ab einem gewissen Punkt nicht weiter steigern. Im Beitrag wird das Potenzial zur weiteren Verbesserung der Compliance vor allem anhand psychologischer Aspekte erläutert, die neben der Ausstattung und der Wissensvermittlung einen wichtigen Teil der nachhaltigen Stärkung der Händehygiene ausmachen.Peer Reviewe

    Bericht zum siebten Treffen der Moderatorinnen und Moderatoren der MRE-Netzwerke am RKI

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    Der sachgerechte Umgang mit multiresistenten Erregern (MRE) stellt eine Herausforderung inner-halb der Einrichtungen des Gesundheitswesens dar. Der Schlüssel zur Vermeidung der Weiterverbreitung und Prävention von Infek¬tionen durch MRE liegt in einer gemeinsamen Stra-tegie und einem regional abgestimmten Handeln zwischen den betroffenen Einrichtungen. In Deutschland gibt es mittlerweile über 100 regionale MRE-Netzwerke, die sich dieser Aufga¬be angenommen haben. Die Netzwerkmoderatorinnen und -moderatoren treffen sich alle zwei bis drei Jahre zu einem umfangreichen Erfah¬rungsaustausch. Das siebte MRE-Netzwerktreffen fand am 2.3.2023 als eintägige Online¬veranstaltung zum Thema „MRE und nosokomiale Infektionen während der COVID-19-Pandemie“ statt und erreichte über 200 aktive Mitglieder. Im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 41/2023 werden die Vorträge und Diskussionen aus den vier Veranstaltungsblöcken vorgestellt. Schwerpunkte waren u. a. die Infektionsprävention und -kontrolle in stationären Pflege- und Rehabilitationseinrichtungen sowie neue Methoden für die Arbeit in den MRE-Netzwerken

    Impact of Mycobacteroides abscessus colony morphology on biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance

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    Mycobacteroides abscessus is one of the most resistant bacteria so far known and causes severe and hard to treat lung infections in predisposed patients such as those with Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Further, it causes nosocomial infections by forming biofilms on medical devices or water reservoirs. An eye-catching feature of M. abscessus is the growth in two colony morphotypes. Depending on the presence or absence of glycopeptidolipids on the cell surface, it forms smooth or rough colonies. In this study, a porous glass bead biofilm model was used to compare biofilm formation, biofilm organization and biofilm matrix composition in addition to the antimicrobial susceptibility of M. abscessus biofilms versus suspensions of isogenic (smooth and rough) patient isolates. Both morphotypes reached the same cell densities in biofilms. The biofilm architecture, however, was dramatically different with evenly distributed oligo-layered biofilms in smooth isolates, compared to tightly packed, voluminous biofilm clusters in rough morphotypes. Biofilms of both morphotypes contained more total biomass of the matrix components protein, lipid plus DNA than was seen in corresponding suspensions. The biofilm mode of growth of M. abscessus substantially increased resistance to the antibiotics amikacin and tigecycline. Tolerance to the disinfectant peracetic acid of both morphotypes was increased when grown as biofilm, while tolerance to glutaraldehyde was significantly increased in biofilm of smooth isolates only. Overall, smooth colony morphotypes had more pronounced antimicrobial resistance benefit when growing as biofilm than M. abscessus showing rough colony morphotypes.Peer Reviewe

    The Bead Assay for Biofilms: A Quick, Easy and Robust Method for Testing Disinfectants

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    Bacteria live primarily in microbial communities (biofilms), where they exhibit considerably higher biocide tolerance than their planktonic counterparts. Current standardized efficacy testing protocols of disinfectants, however, employ predominantly planktonic bacteria. In order to test the efficacy of biocides on biofilms in a standardized manner, a new assay was developed and optimized for easy-handling, quickness, low running costs, and above all—repeatability. In this assay, 5 mm glass- or polytetrafluoroethylene beads in 24 well microtiter plates served as substrate for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. After optimizing result-relevant steps, the actual performance of the assay was explored by treating P. aeruginosa biofilms with glutaraldehyde, isopropanol, or peracetic acid in predefined concentrations. The aspired 5 log10 reduction in CFU counts was achieved by glutaraldehyde at 5% (30 min), and by peracetic acid at 0.3% (10 min). In contrast, 80% isopropanol (30 min) failed to meet the reduction goal. However, the main accomplishment of this study was to unveil the potential of the array itself; most noteworthy here, a reliable repeatability of the results. The new bead assay for biofilms is a robust, quick and cost-effective method for assessing the efficacy of biocides against biofilms

    High Prevalence of Clostridium difficile Colonization among Nursing Home Residents in Hesse, Germany

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    Clostridium difficile is the most common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in hospitals and other healthcare facilities. The elderly are particularly susceptible and at increased risk for adverse outcome as a result of C. difficile infection. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. difficile colonization among residents of nursing homes in Hesse and to compare it with the prevalence in the general population living outside long-term care facilities (LTCF). We assessed possible risk factors for C. difficile colonization and determined the genotype of circulating strains. C. difficile was isolated from 11/240 (4.6%) nursing home residents and 2/249 (0.8%) individuals living outside LTCF (p = 0.02). Ten of 11 (90.9%) isolates from nursing homes and one of two isolates from the population outside LTCF were toxigenic. The prevalence of C. difficile colonization varied from 0% to 10% between different nursing homes. Facilities with known actual or recent CDI cases were more likely to have colonized residents than facilities without known CDI cases. C. difficile PCR-ribotypes 014 and 001 were the most prevalent genotypes and accounted for 30% and 20% of toxigenic isolates in nursing homes, respectively. Interestingly, no individuals carried the epidemic strain PCR-ribotype 027. Our results suggest that residents of nursing homes in Germany are at high risk for colonization by virulent C. difficile strains. The high prevalence of C. difficile colonization in nursing homes underscores the importance of good adherence to standard infection control precautions even in the absence of a diagnosed infection. They also emphasize the need for specific programs to increase the awareness of healthcare professionals in LTCF for CDI
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