Influence of YEA-SACC 1026 Probiotic on Some Production and Consumption Indices in Chicken Broilers

The researches followed the effects of powderYEA-SACC 1026 probiotic on some production and consumption indices in chicken broilers. The researches were effected on 75 meat chickens of Ross-308 hybrid, which were grouped in three lots of 25 capita/lot during 42 days. In the lot L1(E), for 42 days, in the mixed fodder was added YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic in proportion of 0.1% in breeding phase I (1-14 days), of 0.1% in phase II (15-35 days) and 0.1% in phase III (36-42 days). In the lot L2(E), for 42 days, in the mixed fodder was added YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic in proportion of 0.25% in breeding phase I (1-14 days), of 0.25% in phase II (15-35 days) and 0.25% in phase III (36-42 days). The chickens of all lots were weighted at the beginning of experiment and after that weekly being calculated the average body weight, average daily gain, fodder intake and fodder conversion index. The use of y YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic in lot L1(E) determined an increase of body weight with 16.26%, of average daily gain with 15.55% and the fodder conversion index was reduced with 29.16% given to Control Lot L(M). On the second place was situated the lot L2(E), in witch was administered 0.25% of YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic, with an increase of body weight of 8.32%, of average daily gain with 7.54% and the fodder conversion index was reduced with 21.78% given to Control Lot L(M). These superior results, registered in meat chickens from lot L1(E) YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic 0.1% and lot L2(E) YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic 0.25%, confirm the favourable influence of this probiotic on chicken broilers’ performances

Conductive AFM for CNT characterization

We report on and emphasize the versatility of conductive atomic force microscopy in characterizing vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aimed to be used in via interconnect technology. The study is conducted on multi-walled CNT arrays vertically grown on a copper-based metal line. Voltage-dependent current mapping and current–voltage characteristics recorded down to single CNT allow for a comprehensive insight into the electric behaviour of the hybrid structure

Increasing amino acids and biogenic amines content of white and rosé wines during ageing on lees

The presence of biogenic amines in wine is more and more important both to consumers and producers alike, due to the potential threats of toxicity of humans and consequent trade implications. Biogenic amines are formed from amino acids by decarboxylation carried out by various enzymes located in yeasts and bacteria. During ageing of wines on lees, the release of different compounds, especially proteins, peptides, amino acids, breakdown products of yeasts, can impact on the quality of wine. The aim of this study is to describe the evolution of twenty-two amino acids, precursors of seven biogenic amines during ageing on lees for 12 months, respectively 18 months, using 12 commercial maturation products. The number of experimental samples is 26 (V1SB-V13SB, V1BB-V13BB), produced in Iasi vineyard, vintage 2020, from Sauvignon Blanc and Busuioaca de Bohotin grapes variety. Data indicated a major impact of the variables (commercial maturation products, autolysis process and grape variety) on wine’s characteristics. Considerable amounts of some essential amino acids, such as L-alanine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-valine and L-glutamic acid were found in samples treated with commercial products, which contained significant amounts of mannoproteins, amino acids and vitamins (samples V6SB, V4SB, V5SB, V5BB, V4BB and V6BB). Vitamins and nitrogenous compounds released by autolysis are used as a support in the decarboxylation process, thus forming biogenic amines

Biomimetic Tizian 'table tops' analyzed with swept source optical coherence tomography

"Table tops"/occlusal veneers are partial crowns that allow for the biomimetic restoration of worn teeth in bruxing patients. The biomimetic approach includes a CAD/CAM composite resin for the manufacturing of the "table tops", for example Tizian, which is a zirconia reinforced composite (Schutz Dental Group). In the present study we prove the value of a fast swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system in the evaluation of the marginal fit of Tizian "table tops". 12 maxillary first premolars were extracted and minimally invasive prepared for "table tops". The Tizian "table tops" were then adhesively cemented on the natural teeth with Variolink II (Ivoclar Vivadent). A SS-OCT system has been used to evaluate the marginal and internal adaptation of Tizian "table tops". The SS (Axsun Technologies, Billerica, MA) has a central wavelength of 1060 nm, a sweeping range 106 nm (quoted at 10 dB), and a 100 kHz line rate. The depth resolution of the system, measured experimentally in air was 10 ?m. The same samples were analyzed by using a micro-computed tomography (?CT) system, in order cu confirm the data obtained by using OCT. The imaging system used for this study offers good spatial resolutions in both directions, transversal and longitudinal, of around 10 ?m, a high sensitivity, and it is also able to acquire entire 3D volumes as fast as 2.5 s. Once the full dataset has been acquired, rendered high resolutions en-face projections could be produced. With it, the "table top" – cement – abutment tooth interfaces were observed on both C-scans as 2D images and also in the 3D reconstructions; the system was able to detect several open interfaces, which were confirmed on the ?CT i mages. The SS-OCT system allows for an efficient evaluation of biomimetic Tizian "table tops"

Tuning the magneto-optical response of TbPc2 single molecule magnets by the choice of the substrate

In this work, we investigated the magneto-optical response of thin films of TbPc2 on substrates which are relevant for (spin) organic field effect transistors (SiO2) or vertical spin valves (Co) in order to explore the possibility of implementing TbPc2 in magneto-electronic devices, the functionality of which includes optical reading. The optical and magneto-optical properties of TbPc2 thin films prepared by organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD) on silicon substrates covered with native oxide were investigated by variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) spectroscopy at room temperature. The magneto-optical activity of the TbPc2 films can be significantly enhanced by one to two orders of magnitude upon changing the molecular orientation (from nearly standing molecules on SiO2/Si substrates to nearly lying molecules on perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) templated SiO2/Si substrates) or by using metallic ferromagnetic substrates (Co)

Quantifying and Enforcing Two-dimensional Symmetries in Scanning Probe Microscopy Images

The overall performance and correctness of the calibration of all kinds of traditional scanning probe microscopes can be assessed in a fully quantitative way by means of “crystallographic” processing of their two-dimensional (2D) images from samples with 2D periodic (and preferably highly symmetric) features. This is because crystallographic image processing results in two residual indices that quantify by how much the symmetry in a corresponding scanning probe microscopy image deviates from the symmetries of the possible plane groups of the periodic features of the sample. When a most probable plane symmetry group has been identified on the basis of crystallographic image processing, the symmetry in the scanning probe microscopy image can be “enforced” in order to obtain “clearer” images, effectively removing the less than ideal “influence” of the microscope on the imaging processes. This paper illustrated the crystallographic image processing procedure for scanning tunneling microscopy images that were recorded from a monolayer of a phthalocyanine on two different types of substrates

Self-assembled molecular arrays of distinct types of substituted metal phthalocyanines on crystalline metal substrates: A Nanoscale Study

Trotz einer Vielzahl von Forschungsarbeiten auf dem Gebiet der Phthalocyanin-basierten organischen Verbindungen fehlt nach wie vor ein umfassendes Verständnis des Zusammenspiels zwischen strukturellen und elektronischen Eigenschaften, die sich bei der Abscheidung dieser Stoffe auf anorganische kristallinen Substraten ausbilden. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden für die vorliegende Arbeit vier metallbasierte Phthalocyanine ausgewählt und mittels organischer Molekularstrahl-Abscheidung (OMBD) im Ultrahochvakuum (UHV) auf Ag (111) Einkristalle adsorbiert. Für die anschließende eingehende Untersuchung dieser Proben wurden insbesondere Rastertunnelmikroskopie (STM) und -spektroskopie (STS) angewandt. Ergänzend kamen Ultraviolett- und Röntgen-Photoelektronenspektroskopie (UPS und XPS) zum Einsatz, wodurch komplementäre Informationen gewonnen wurden. Die aus diesen Untersuchungen resultierenden Ergebnisse liefern einen wesentlichen Beitrag zum oben genannten Forschungsgebiet. Die in dieser Arbeit untersuchten Metall-Phthalocyanine (MePc) wurden so ausgewählt, dass eine möglichst große Vielfalt an geometrischen und elektronischen Eigenschaften abgedeckt wurde. Planare cobaltbasierte Phthalocyanin-Moleküle wurden in zwei Konfigurationen untersucht: einerseits das protonierte CoPc, das sich als organischer p-Halbleiter verhält, und andererseits das vollständig fluorinierte F16CoPc, das n-Halbleitereigenschaften besitzt. Bei beiden Systemen zeigte sich an der Position des Cobaltions eine Kopplung zwischen den Molkülorbitalen des Adsorbats und den Elektronenzuständen des Substrates. Das nichtplanare Zinn-Phthalocyanin ist von besonderem Interesse aufgrund seiner beiden möglichen Adsorptionskonformationen up und down, bei denen sich das Sn-Ion oberhalb beziehungsweise unterhalb des Phthalocyaninliganden befindet. Damit stellt dieses System einen möglichen Kandidaten für Anwendungen als molekularer Schalter oder als Speichereinheit dar. In der vorliegenden Studie werden lokalisierte Schaltvorgänge einzelner Moleküle zusammen mit der Möglichkeit einer kontrollierten molekularen Nanostrukturierung gezeigt. Lutetium (III) bisphthalocyanin wurde ausgewählt als Vertreter einer neuen Gruppe von MePc, die eine Sandwichstruktur ausbilden, bei der zwei π-konjugierte Phthalocyaninliganden über ein Seltenerd-Ion miteinander verbunden sind. Die Untersuchung dieses Systems liefert wichtige neue Erkenntnisse, wie zum Beispiel ein umfassendes Verständnis der Vorgänge bei der Selbstassemblierung innerhalb der ersten und zweiten organischen Monolage. Zudem wurde bei der Charakterisierung des Tunneltransports durch einzelne Moleküle mittels STS ein negativer differentieller Widerstand (NDR) gefunden, der von der Anzahl molekularer Lagen abhängt

Tuning the Energy Level Alignment at the SnPc/Ag(111) Interface Using an STM Tip

The tip influence on the energy level alignment at the SnPc/Ag(111) interface has been addressed via scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). A collective effect characteristic for both molecular conformations up and down is reported to shift the corresponding first filled and empty levels toward the Fermi energy via a tip−sample distance decrease. The importance of the tin ion coupling to the metal electrodes is emphasized for the newly reported “cross-bending” effect as well as for a controllable tip-induced single-molecule switching and “nano-writing” within densely packed molecular arrays