South Africa (2009) - Salient Contemporary Features in Facts and Figures

South Africa is a demographically diverse country where many divisions (still) tend to coincide with racial boundaries, beset by a wide range of socio-economic problems typical of developing countries and otherwise stemming from its colonial past and a discriminatory past policy of apartheid. The paper describes the country's salient features in facts and figures in order to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of society in terms of demography, education, employment, public health care, poverty, housing, crime and the economy. The picture presented tends to be on the dark side, but also hopeful for the future thanks to inter alia a strong globalised economy

Water Development in South Africa

A report on South African water development: South Africa's water resources are, in global terms, scarce and extremely limited: average rainfall (450 mm per year) is well below the world average (of about 860 mm), evaporation is comparatively high, no truly large or navigable rivers exist, the combined runoff (of 49 billion cubic metres per year) is less than half of that of the Zambezi River, the closest large river to South Africa. In addition South Africa is also poorly endowed with groundwater and the natural availability of water across the country is highly uneven with more than 60% of the river flow arising from only 20% of the land. Four of South Africa's main rivers are shared with other countries, which together drain about 60% of the country's land area and contribute about 40% of its total surface runoff (river flow). Most urban and industrial development took place in locations remote from large watercourses, dictated either by the occurrence of mineral riches or influenced by the political dispensation of the past. Some irrigation were also established during times that water was still relatively abundant and little incentive existed for seeking the most beneficial application thereof. As a result, in several river basins the requirements for water already far exceeds its natural availability, and widely-spread and often large-scale transfers of water across catchments have therefore, been implemented

Modelling fertiliser use in the grain crop and oilseed sectors of South Africa

A Partial Equilibrium (PE) model is developed to model fertiliser use in the grain crop and oilseed sectors to assess the impact of changes in the physical and economic environment on production and fertiliser use. Since the adoption of a policy of trade liberalisation and the shift towards a free market for agricultural products, the actual cropping patterns of grain crops have moved closer to the expected optimum production pattern. It is shown that the total area cultivated will decrease by 2,4 percent. Results show that except for the area under sunflower (that remains unchanged) and yellow maize that increases, the area utilised by other crops will decrease. Fertiliser use is directly correlated with production patterns in the provinces. A comparison of the base-case scenario and optimum solution revealed that the movement from a base to an optimum solution results in a drop in total area cultivated, production and exports. Fertiliser use correspondingly decreases.Crop Production/Industries,

The market potential of the South African apple industry: Strategies and options

This paper uses one of four possible areas of strategic market research, namely Trademaps , to analyse the South African market potential for deciduous fruit. It isolates the apple industry to illustrate the application of Trademaps. An overview of the export performance within the apple industry is given. Export Trademaps are then utilised to analyse the trade flows and the market potential of South African apples on the world market. The Trademaps generated are based on trade data for the years 1995 to 1999 as reported by nearly 100 trading nations in the COMTRADE database of the United Nations Statistical Division. Possible strategies and options are suggested, given the results of the Trademap analysis. It is concluded that this analysis demonstrates the usefulness of Trademaps as a research tool to provide market information on new and existing markets.Crop Production/Industries,

Journal of African Christian Biography: v. 3, no. 2

A publication of the Dictionary of African Christian Biography with U.S. offices located at the Center for Global Christianity and Mission at Boston University. This issue focuses on: 1. Samuel Mutendi of the Zion Christian Church: Interpretations of a Prophet by Dana L. Robert Biographies by M. L. Daneel and Vengesai Chimininge. 2. African Retrospect and Prospect: A Christian view from Cameroon - Interview with Paul Nchoji Nkwi, with Jonathan Bonk, interviewer. 3. Recent Print and Digital Resources Related to Christianity in Africa

The Law Enforcement Reform Based on Pancasila Values: a Critical Review

The influence of colonial law is individual-liberal tempered as well as the globalization is capitalist-liberal tempered became a serious threat to the development of Indonesian law, because it raises the alienation syndrome of State laws from the values of life and upheld in a society that is Pancasila values, therefore the law reform of Indonesia became a necessity to do. This paper focuses on the reform in the field of typical law enforcement in Indonesia, where Pancasila as the ideological basis, in the logic of Stufenbau be the main touchstone which provides ontological, normative and operational frameworks for structuring better law enforcement and typical Indonesian. The principle of Almighty God becomes ontological framework for Indonesian people. Therefore, its existence is inter-related to the Almighty God as the source of value, truth and meaning. Just and civilized humanity is recognized as a ontological base and became the normative framework in order to enforce the law in a fair, civilized and humane, not oppressive character. It is operationalized within the framework of unity, not cause divisions, because all equal in the law as realized by acting wisdom and culminating in social justice for all citizens, social justice in favor of the weak

The middeck 0-gravity dynamics experiment

The Middeck 0-Gravity Dynamics Experiment (MODE), flown onboard the Shuttle STS-48 Mission, consists of three major elements: the Experiment Support Module, a dynamics test bed providing computer experiment control, analog signal conditioning, power conditioning, an operator interface consisting of a keypad and display, experiment electrical and thermal control, and archival data storage: the Fluid Test Article assembly, used to investigate the dynamics of fluid-structure interaction in 0-gravity; and the Structural Test Article for investigating the open-loop dynamics of structures in 0-gravity. Deployable, erectable, and rotary modules were assembled to form three one- and two-dimensional structures, in which variations in bracing wire and rotary joint preload could be introduced. Change in linear modal parameters as well as the change in nonlinear nature of the response is examined. Trends in modal parameters are presented as a function of force amplitude, joint preload, and ambient gravity. An experimental study of the lateral slosh behavior of contained fluids is also presented. A comparison of the measured earth and space results identifies and highlights the effects of gravity on the linear and nonlinear slosh behavior of these fluids

Kajian Molekuler Kuskus (Famili Phalangeridae) di Penangkaran Desa Lumoli, Seram, Maluku Berdasarkan Urutan Gen ATP8

The cuscus is an Australian animal (marsupial) which belongs to the Phalangeridae family and its distribution is limited in eastern Indonesia, Australia and Papua New Guinea. Through IUCN data, cuscus is categorized as endangered species, in CITES it is classified as Appendix II. The population of cuscus is decreasing due to the threat of deforestation, many are hunted for consumption, and are traded illegally. To overcome the above problems, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of the study of cuscus genotypes in the hope that they can assist in future wildlife conservation efforts. The purpose of this study was to molecularly examine the types of living cuscus in captivity in Lumoli Village, West Seram Regency, Maluku. This research begins with the stages of DNA isolation through cuscus tissue. DNA isolation products were amplified in the ATP 8 gene region by the PCR method, sequenced. Data was analyzed using MEGA program version 5.1. The PCR reaction produces 681 bp of product. The results of the analysis obtained 85 different nucleotide sites. The nucleotide sequence of the ATP 8 gene was analyzed using kimura 2 parameters. The construction of the filogram using the neighbor joining method with a bootstrap value 1000 times based on the ATP 8 gene sequence shows the kinship between the four types of cuscus, which produces two branches of Phalanger and Spilocuscus, namely brown cuscus related to white cuscus and related cuscus with spotted cuskus

Kuantifikator Dalam Novel Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children Karya Ransom Riggs

This research entitled “Quantifier in the Novel Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children by Ransom Riggs is written to fulfill the requirement of finishing S1 degree in English Department Faculty of Letters Sam Ratulangi University. The aims of this research are to identify, classify and analyze the quantifiers that exist in the novel Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children written by Ransom Riggs in terms of function, category and form. In analyzing the data the writer uses descriptive method and the concept of Flor Aarts and Jan Aarts about English Syntactic Structure: Function and Categories in Sentence Analysis. In the novel Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children, it is found that there are three forms of the quantifier , they are simple, compound and complex ones. From the functional point of view, the quantifier in this novel has several functions. In the sentence or clause level, the quantifier functions as Subject, Subject Attribute, Predicator Compliment, Direct Object, Indirect Object and Adverbial. In the phrase level, the quantifier can only function as the head of noun phrase, both as the head of noun phrase and determiner, and as determiner only. It also can function as post modifier of noun phrase. Here are some examples of the quantifier in English : someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, no one, none, some, any, each, all, both, either, few, little, every and no and so on. ___________________________________