A linear filter to reconstruct the ISW effect from CMB and LSS observations

The extraction of a signal from some observational data sets that contain different contaminant emissions, often at a greater level than the signal itself, is a common problem in Astrophysics and Cosmology. The signal can be recovered, for instance, using a simple Wiener filter. However, in certain cases, additional information may also be available, such as a second observation which correlates to a certain level with the sought signal. In order to improve the quality of the reconstruction, it would be useful to include as well this additional information. Under these circumstances, we have constructed a linear filter, the linear covariance-based filter, that extracts the signal from the data but takes also into account the correlation with the second observation. To illustrate the performance of the method, we present a simple application to reconstruct the so-called Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect from simulated observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background and of catalogues of galaxies.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processin

Implementation of a Fourier Matched Filter in CMB Analyses. Application to ISW Studies

Aims: Implement a matched filter (MF) cross-correlation algorithm in multipole space and compare it to the standard Angular Cross Power Spectrum (ACPS) method. Apply both methods on a Integrated Sachs Wolfe (ISW) - Large Scale Structure (LSS) cross correlation scenario and study how sky masks influence the multipole range where signal arises and its comparison to theoretical predictions. Methods: The MF requires the inversion of a multipole covariance matrix that if $f_{sky} \lt 1$ is generally non-diagonal and singular. We use a SVD approach that focuses on those modes carrying most of the information. We compare the MF to the ACPS in ISW-LSS Monte Carlo simulations, paying attention on the effect that a limited sky coverage has on the cross-correlation results. Results: Within the linear data model for which the MF is defined, the MF performs comparatively better than the ACPS for smaller values of $f_{sky}$ and scale dependent (non-Poissonian) noise fields. In the context of ISW studies both methods are comparable, although the MF performs slightly more sensitively under more restrictive masks. A preliminary study predicts that most of the ISW--LSS cross correlation S/N ratio should be found in the very large scales (50% of the S/N at $l\lt 10$, 90% at $l\lt 40-50$), and this is confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations. The statistical significance of our cross-correlation statistics reaches its maximum when considering $l\in [2,l_{max}]$, with $l_{max} \in[5,40]$ for all values of $f_{sky}$ observed, despite of the smoothing and power aliasing that aggressive masks introduce in Fourier space. This $l$-confinement of the ISW-LSS cross correlation should enable a safe distinction from other secondary effects arising at smaller angular scales.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, submitted to A&

The ISW-tSZ cross correlation: ISW extraction out of pure CMB data

If Dark Energy introduces an acceleration in the universal expansion then large scale gravitational potential wells should be shrinking, causing a blueshift in the CMB photons that cross such structures (Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, [ISW]). Galaxy clusters are known to probe those potential wells. In these objects, CMB photons also experience inverse Compton scattering off the hot electrons of the intra-cluster medium, and this results in a distortion with a characteristic spectral signature of the CMB spectrum (the so-called thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, [tSZ]). Since both the ISW and the tSZ effects take place in the same potential wells, they must be spatially correlated. We present how this cross ISW-tSZ signal can be detected in a CMB-data contained way by using the frequency dependence of the tSZ effect in multi frequency CMB experiments like {\it Planck}, {\em without} requiring the use of external large scale structure tracers data. We find that by masking low redshift clusters, the shot noise level decreases significantly, boosting the signal to noise ratio of the ISW--tSZ cross correlation. We also find that galactic and extragalactic dust residuals must be kept at or below the level of ~0.04 muK^2 at l=10, a limit that is a factor of a few below {\it Planck}'s expectations for foreground subtraction. If this is achieved, CMB observations of the ISW-tSZ cross correlation should also provide an independent probe for the existence of Dark Energy and the amplitude of density perturbations.Comment: submitted to MNRA

Traits de personnalité et anxiété sociale chez les élèves de l'enseignement secondaire

International audienceL'anxiété sociale est l'un des problèmes le plus prévalent de l'inadaptation sociale des adolescents. Elle cause des difficultés considérables, notamment de la détresse sociale. Cependant, à ce jour, aucune étude n'a examiné l'impact des traits de personnalité sur l'anxiété sociale de la population étudiante espagnole. L'objectif de cette étude est de déterminer dans quelle mesure les traits de personnalité prédisent les scores d'anxiété sociale, et inversement, afin d'examiner la mesure dans laquelle les scores d'anxiété sociale prédisent l'extraversion, la névrose (neuroticism) et psychose (psychoticism) chez les élèves de l'enseignement secondaire. L'inventaire de la phobie et de l'anxiété sociale (SPAI, Turner, Beidel, Dancu, & Stanley, 1989) et le questionnaire de personnalité d'Eysenck (EPQ, Eysenck & Eysenck, 1997) ont été administrés à 2022 collégiens espagnols des classes de 5ème, 4ème et 3ème, l'âge variant de 12 à 16 ans (M = 13,81, SD = 1,35). Les relations prédictives bidirectionnelles entre l'anxiété sociale et les traits de personnalité ont été examinées à l'aide d'analyses de régression logistique, en suivant les procédures de régression (statistique de Wald). Les traits de personnalité prédisent de façon significative l'apparition de l'anxiété sociale au cours de l'adolescence, la névrose (neuroticism) étant un facteur positif ou de risque et l'extraversion un prédicteur négatif ou facteur de protection. De même, des scores élevés d'anxiété sociale prédisent une plus grande probabilité d'obtenir des scores élevés sur la névrose (neuroticism) et une plus faible probabilité de repérer une grande extraversion. Nous pouvons conclure que le " névrosisme " est un prédicteur significatif et positif de l'anxiété sociale, alors que l'extraversion est un prédicteur significatif mais négatif de l'anxiété sociale. A l'inverse, plus l'adolescent obtient un score élevé d'anxiété sociale, plus il sera susceptible d'avoir des tendances névrotiques et sera moins extraverti qu'un adolescent ayant un score faible d'anxiété sociale

Concept de soi social et estime de soi chez les élèves espagnols ayant de l'anxiété sociale

International audienceL'anxiété sociale est l'un des problèmes le plus prévalent de l'inadaptation sociale chez les adolescents, causant des difficultés considérables, dont la détresse sociale. Cependant, actuellement très peu d'études ont exploré l'impact de l'anxiété sociale sur l'adaptation personnelle chez les collégiens. L'objectif de cette étude est de déterminer si les niveaux de concept de soi social et d'estime de soi des élèves anxieux socialement se distinguent de ceux de leurs pairs sans anxiété sociale. L'inventaire de la phobie et de l'anxiété sociale (SPAI, Turner, Beidel, Dancu, & Stanley, 1989) et le questionnaire de personnalité d'Eysenck (EPQ, Eysenck & Eysenck, 1997) ont été administrés à 2022 élèves espagnols des classes de 5ème, 4ème et 3ème, l'âge variant de 12 à 16 ans (M = 13,81, SD = 1,35). Des analyses descriptives et des T tests pour vérifier les différences entre les moyennes ont été effectués. Le d de Cohen a été inclus afin d'évaluer la taille de l'effet des différences. Les collégiens anxieux socialement ont une plus faible estime de soi et un plus faible concept de soi dans les situations sociales comme les relations avec leurs parents (d = .27), avec des personnes du même sexe (d = .45), et avec des gens de l'autre sexe (d=.46) que les élèves sans anxiété sociale. Notre étude montre que les adolescents avec de l'anxiété sociale, en comparaison avec les adolescents sans anxiété sociale, se considèrent comme moins compétents socialement et présentent un niveau d'estime de soi plus faible. Ainsi, il serait nécessaire de proposer à ces jeunes une intervention professionnelle de soutien pour améliorer leurs compétences sociales

An international network to monitor the structure, composition and dynamics of Amazonian forests (RAINFOR)

The Amazon basin is likely to be increasingly affected by environmental changes: higher temperatures, changes in precipitation, CO2 fertilization and habitat fragmentation. To examine the important ecological and biogeochemical consequences of these changes, we are developing an international network, RAINFOR, which aims to monitor forest biomass and dynamics across Amazonia in a co-ordinated fashion in order to understand their relationship to soil and climate. The network will focus on sample plots established by independent researchers, some providing data extending back several decades. We will also conduct rapid transect studies of poorly monitored regions. Field expeditions analysed local soil and plant properties in the first phase (2001–2002). Initial results suggest that the network has the potential to reveal much information on the continental-scale relations between forest and environment. The network will also serve as a forum for discussion between researchers, with the aim of standardising sampling techniques and methodologies that will enable Amazonian forests to be monitored in a coherent manner in the coming decades

Calidad De Vida Profesional Y Compromiso Organizacional En Trabajadores De Planta De Una Municipalidad Distrital De La Provincia De Cusco, 2021

Objetivo: El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación entre la calidad de vida profesional y el compromiso organizacional en trabajadores de una municipalidad distrital de la provincia del Cusco, 2021. Material y método: La investigación fue realizada con una metodología de nivel descriptivo correlacional, de tipo básica, de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, la muestra, estuvo conformada por 108 trabajadores de planta, del área administrativa de una municipalidad distrital de la provincia de Cusco, departamento de Cusco. Para este propósito, se empleó el Cuestionario CVP-35 de Cabezas (2000) y el Cuestionario de Compromiso Organizacional de Meyer y Allen (1997) Adaptado por Montoya (2014). Resultados: Existe relación positiva moderada entre la calidad de vida profesional el compromiso organizacional, (Rho de Spearman ,508 **; p valor de < 0.01). Las dimensiones motivación intrínseca y el apoyo directivo están relacionadas con el compromiso organizacional de manera directa (p < 0.01), La dimensión carga de trabajo se encuentra relacionada con el compromiso organizacional de manera inversa, con una tendencia de bajo nivel (Rho de Spearman -,196*). Conclusión: Existe relación entre la calidad de vida profesional y el compromiso organizacional en trabajadores de una municipalidad distrital de la provincia del Cusco, 2021

Posterior Tibial Tendoscopy in Flexible Acquired Flatfoot Deformity

Tendoscopy is a reliable and safe technique to manage some foot and ankle disorders. The technique allows for a view of the entire length of tendons and may be used as an isolated procedure or adjacent to other techniques, such as calcaneal osteotomy. Posterior tibial tendoscopy is a useful tool both for the diagnosis and treatment of different disorders that affect the tendon in isolation (i.e., post-traumatic) or in the scenario of a flatfoot deformity. We will review the technique of posterior tibial tendoscopy and present tips and tricks to optimize the tendoscopic experience. We will also analyze our first 20 consecutive cases of posterior tibial tendoscopy in the setting of a flexible flatfoot deformity and study our data and results. In 10 cases, there were no significant pathological findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or on tendoscopy. In six cases, synovitis and adhesions were informed on MRI and found on tendoscopy. Preoperative MRI findings were coincident with tendoscopic findings in 16 of the 20 cases (80%). MRI failed to identify two cases of synovitis, a case of synovial plica and suggested a partial tear where tendoscopy demonstrated no structural damage. Although MRI is an effective imaging tool for identifying tendon disorders, tendoscopy seems to be a more sensitive diagnostic tool. Posterior tibial tendon (PTT) tendoscopy has become our procedure of choice in stage IIA AAFD and has allowed us to treat PTT disorders when skipping the medial soft tissue repair with no impact on outcomes while addressing pathology that might cause symptoms if left untreated

Planck intermediate results. XLI. A map of lensing-induced B-modes

The secondary cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-modes stem from the post-decoupling distortion of the polarization $E$-modes due to the gravitational lensing effect of large-scale structures. These lensing-induced $B$-modes constitute both a valuable probe of the dark matter distribution and an important contaminant for the extraction of the primary CMB $B$-modes from inflation. Planck provides accurate nearly all-sky measurements of both the polarization $E$-modes and the integrated mass distribution via the reconstruction of the CMB lensing potential. By combining these two data products, we have produced an all-sky template map of the lensing-induced $B$-modes using a real-space algorithm that minimizes the impact of sky masks. The cross-correlation of this template with an observed (primordial and secondary) $B$-mode map can be used to measure the lensing $B$-mode power spectrum at multipoles up to $2000$. In particular, when cross-correlating with the $B$-mode contribution directly derived from the Planck polarization maps, we obtain lensing-induced $B$-mode power spectrum measurement at a significance level of $12\,\sigma$, which agrees with the theoretical expectation derived from the Planck best-fit $\Lambda$CDM model. This unique nearly all-sky secondary $B$-mode template, which includes the lensing-induced information from intermediate to small ($10\lesssim \ell\lesssim 1000$) angular scales, is delivered as part of the Planck 2015 public data release. It will be particularly useful for experiments searching for primordial $B$-modes, such as BICEP2/Keck Array or LiteBIRD, since it will enable an estimate to be made of the lensing-induced contribution to the measured total CMB $B$-modes.Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures; Accepted for publication in A&A; The B-mode map is part of the PR2-2015 Cosmology Products; available as Lensing Products in the Planck Legacy Archive http://pla.esac.esa.int/pla/#cosmology; and described in the 'Explanatory Supplement' https://wiki.cosmos.esa.int/planckpla2015/index.php/Specially_processed_maps#2015_Lensing-induced_B-mode_ma