Impact of unidentified light charged hadron data on the determination of pion fragmentation functions

In this paper a new comprehensive analysis of parton-to-pion fragmentation functions (FFs) is performed for the first time by including all experimental data sets on single inclusive pion as well as unidentified light charged hadron production in electron-positron ($e^+e^-$) annihilation. We determine the pion FFs along with their uncertainties using the standard "Hessian" technique at next-to-leading order (NLO) and next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO) in perturabative QCD. It is shown that the determination of pion FFs using simultaneously the data sets from pion and unidentified light charged hadron productions leads to the reduction of all pion FFs uncertainties especially for the case of strange quark and gluon FFs by significant factors. In this study, we have quantified the constraints that these data sets could impose on the extracted pion FFs. Our results also illustrate the significant improvement in the precision of FFs fits achievable by inclusion of higher order corrections. The improvements on both FFs uncertainties as well as fit quality have been clearly discussed.Comment: 34 pages, 9 figures and 3 table

First global QCD analysis of charged hadron fragmentation functions and their uncertainties at next-to-next-to-leading order

In this paper, we present ${\tt SGK18}$ FFs, a first global QCD analysis of parton-to-{\it unidentified} charged hadrons fragmentation functions (FFs) at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy in perturbative QCD. This analysis is based on single-inclusive charged hadron production in electron-positron ($e^-e^+$) annihilation. The uncertainties in the extraction of ${\tt SGK18}$ FFs as well as the corresponding observables are estimated using the "Hessian" technique. We study the quality of the {\tt SGK18} FFs determined in this analysis by comparing with the recent results in literature. We also show how {\tt SGK18} FFs results describe the available data for single-inclusive unidentified charged hadron production in $e^-e^+$ annihilation. We demonstrate that the theoretical uncertainties due to the variation of the renormalization and factorization scales improve when NNLO QCD corrections are considered. We find that the resulting {\tt SGK18} FFs are in good agreement with all data analyzed and the inclusion of NNLO corrections tends to improve the data description with somewhat smaller uncertainty.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures and 3 Table

Landholders’ Involvement in the Compulsory Acquisition of Land and Compensation Process in Bauchi, Nigeria

This study aims to assess landholder’s involvement in the compulsory acquisition of land on their satisfaction with the compensation process in Bauchi, Nigeria, to identify areas of weakness in the process and propose areas of improvement. The study adopted the use of a quantitative approach and data were collected through a questionnaire survey from 327 landholders affected by the compulsory acquisition and compensation exercise by the Bauchi State Government. The data collected were subjected to descriptive with mean ranking, frequency distribution. The study revealed that before the process of compulsory acquisition landholders were very well involved, during the process of compulsory acquisition they were also involved but at the compensation process, they were not involved at all. It recommended that Landholders should be involved not only in the process of compulsory acquisition but they should be involved in the process of compensation as it will minimize resistance to compulsory

Pencapaian Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengatahuan Sosial Melalui Minat Belajar Siswa

Learning is a process of a person in gaining skills, learning skills and attitudes so that it does not come just like that, but it must be carried out deliberately in a certain time anyway. While the study results are around the skills and the results achieved through the learning process in universities and designated with the numbers measured by tests of learning outcomes. In regard to interest a person against an object reflected in the behavior. In the case of interest is motivated by a person\u27s attention to a particular object of interest, such as attention, curiosity is high, and the need for decisive for the selection of the object of his favorite things. Interest that is an element in achieving success for someone. If someone is interested in social studies, all the attention, curiosity, and the need to subject Soasial Sciences, will be higher, so the higher the learning outcomes of subjects who achieved Sciences, Soasial entered. Turns impacted student interest in learning and have a positive influence on the achievement of learning outcomes Sciences, Soasial subjects. The higher the interest of students in learning subjects of Sciences, Soasial, the higher the learning outcomes of subjects Sciences, Soasial achieved. Conversely the lower the student\u27s interest in learning subjects of Sciences, Soasial, then the lower the learning outcomes of subjects who achieved Sciences, Social

A review of residential segregation and its consequences in Nigeria

Residential segregation, the spatial separation of population sub-groups within a given geographical area, is a phenomenon which is prevalent in both developed and developing countries like Nigeria. This paper is aimed at reviewing residential segregation in Nigeria with specific reference to Northern Nigeria. The objectives of the paper are to review residential segregation from the pre-colonial to post-colonial era, and review its consequences in Nigeria. Prior to the colonial administration in Nigeria there existed no residential segregation based on race, ethnic or religious lines. The divide and rule policy of the British colonial administrators in Nigeria brought about residential segregation through the creation of ‘Sabon Gari’ settlements, which are occupied by the non-natives of Northern Nigeria. Residential segregation in Nigeria was reviewed in phases, that is, during the pre-colonial, colonial and the post-colonial era. In the final section of the paper the consequences of residential segregation in Nigeria, such as the socio-spatial division of households by income (high, medium and low density), inaccessibility of the poor to affordable housing, inadequate provision of infrastructure in the high density residential areas, and most importantly the cause of ethno-religious conflicts in across Nigeria, was discussed

Economic Diversification and the Urban Image; Changing the Narrative on Street Vending

Street vending is a dynamic phenomenon of network of events, socio-economic and cultural factors while remaining a narration of place. At the metropolitan level, the narrative is negatively skewed towards street vending and its aesthetic reality, contemporaneously exploring hostile environmental interventions within the informal sector. This paper attempted to explore a counter-narrative asking; based on aesthetic experience, can the “desired” urban image be achieved by allowing street vendors proliferate in public spaces? This question was asked within the scope of the political-economy of diversification in Nigeria. Mapping over google satellite images over critical periods leading to demolitions and/or developments, this paper documented the spatial distribution of vendors to determine the urban centres that are hostile to vending activities and those that were not. The paper argued that, around public spaces such as parks and sidewalks, the precarious nature of vending activities lead to their diffidence in upgrades to stalls, tables and kiosks. With pictures from spaces that appear to approve of street vending tacitly, a pattern of upgrades in vending apparatus and kiosks were established. This paper proposes an integrative model of passive, active and tacit support that is required to influence the discourse of vending activities within the context of urban images produced in Nigerian. In conclusion and using sing Gouverneur (2014) concepts of receptors and transformers, this paper revealed that potential existing parks within a dense urban area could serve as transformers, creating an urban image that defies that “out of place” narrative associated with vendors

Novel Disease but responding to an Old Drug: Role of Prolonged Corticosteroid Use in Prevention and Treatment of Post-Covid Interstitial Lung Disease (PC-ILD)

Coronavirus has affected more than 128 million humans worldwide with invasionsin 129 countries across the globe. About 5-10 percent of these patients have pulmonary involvement in the form of COVID Pneumonia leading to ARDS. Although there are no statistics at the moment, trends show that majority will get rid of acute COVID respiratory involvement without any long-term pulmonary complications however several patients will face COVID sequel in the form of post-COVID fibrosis or post-COVID interstitial lung disease. With more and more survivors of COVID-19, long-term pulmonary complications of this infection especially Post-COVID ILD are being recognized by treating physicians ashavinga great impact on patients’functionality and quality of life. Since there is no research-based internationally accepted strategy to prevent and treat Post-COVID ILD, a strategy based upon observations of treating pulmonologists was devised in the COVID management unit at Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal to prevent and treat Post COVID interstitial lung disease.Keywords:Anti-fibrotic, Fibrosis, Post-COVID sequelae, Post-COVID fibrosis, Post-COVID ILD

Novel Disease but responding to an Old Drug: Role of Prolonged Corticosteroid Use in Prevention and Treatment of Post-Covid Interstitial Lung Disease (PC-ILD)

Coronavirus has affected more than 128 million humans worldwide with invasionsin 129 countries across the globe. About 5-10 percent of these patients have pulmonary involvement in the form of COVID Pneumonia leading to ARDS. Although there are no statistics at the moment, trends show that majority will get rid of acute COVID respiratory involvement without any long-term pulmonary complications however several patients will face COVID sequel in the form of post-COVID fibrosis or post-COVID interstitial lung disease. With more and more survivors of COVID-19, long-term pulmonary complications of this infection especially Post-COVID ILD are being recognized by treating physicians ashavinga great impact on patients’functionality and quality of life. Since there is no research-based internationally accepted strategy to prevent and treat Post-COVID ILD, a strategy based upon observations of treating pulmonologists was devised in the COVID management unit at Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal to prevent and treat Post COVID interstitial lung disease.Keywords:Anti-fibrotic, Fibrosis, Post-COVID sequelae, Post-COVID fibrosis, Post-COVID ILD