The Impact of Institutional Quality in Attracting Foreign Direct Investment in Algeria

This study examines the impact of institutional quality in attracting FDI in Algeria over the period 1995-2011 using the Heritage Foundation’s economic freedom index which reflects economic institutional quality (EIQ) and two governance indicators, namely: government effectiveness (GE) and voice and accountability (VA) that represent political institutional quality. The Johansen cointegration test has been employed in order to investigate the existence of long-run relationships among the tested variables. Additionally, the vector error correction model (VECM) has been applied to analyze the long-run and short-run dynamic relationships among the various time series, besides using both impulse response functions and variance decomposition. The main results indicate that there is a long run relationship among the tested variables and the VECM confirms the existence of this relationship. It is also revealed that both EIQ and VA have long-term positive effects on FDI inflows in Algeria. In the light of the results obtained from this study, it could be concluded that the improvement of economic freedom and voice and accountability in Algeria can be considered a fruitful plan for providing good investment climate and attracting more FDI inflows in the long term

Oil rents and economic growth in oil-abundant MENA countries: Governance is the trump card to escape the resource trap

The present paper aims, on the one hand, to test the impact of oil rents on economic growth and examine the main symptoms of the resource curse phenomenon in oil-abundant MENA countries, and on the other hand, to investigate the role of governance in avoiding the resource curse and turning oil rents into a tool for economic diversification in 11 MENA oil exporters (Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen) over the period 1996-2014, by using pooled OLS, fixed effects, random effects and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators. The main findings indicate that MENA oil exporters’ growth is greatly and positively influenced by oil rents. Likewise, these economies have been diagnosed with resource curse. The results also show that governance is a key ingredient in the diversification recipe, while, oil rents frustrate economic diversification by encouraging rent-seeking activities. The multiplicative interaction term between governance index and oil rents indicates that the combined effect of these two variables is effective in promoting diversification. In a nutshell, the enhancement of MENA oil-exporters’ good governance capabilities is the way out of the resource curse because it can turn oil wealth into a boon and offer these oil-abundant countries more opportunities for economic diversification and thereby can enable them to generate robust and sustainable economic growth

The development of a sub-atmospheric two-phase thermosyphon natural gas preheater using a lumped capacitance model and comparison with experimental results

The pre-heating of natural gas supplied to both domestic and industrial use is required to counteract the Joule–Thomson effect due to pressure reduction. Most existing pre-heaters are in the form of water bath heaters, where both the burner and exchanger are immersed in a closed water tank. These systems usually have a low efficiency, and as a result of thermal inertia have a long time lag to accommodate changes in Natural Gas (NG) mass flow rates. In this paper, the two-phase thermosyphon theory is implemented in a sub-atmospheric context to design and study a new preheating system in a transient fashion. This system is partially vacuumed (absolute pressure of 2 kPa) to lower the temperature operation range to reduce the required working fluid volume, hence reduce the required energy and improve the response time. The transient numerical model is based on a lumped capacitance method, and the full system is solved by using a fourth order Runge–Kutta method. The numerical model is validated through comparison with experimental results. Minimum efficiency of 68% has been achieved in some tests, whilst maximum efficiency of 80% in other tests. Simulations of the thermosyphon preheater system have been performed to analyse the effect of changing the working fluid volume and composition

Lower-extremity amputation as a marker for renal and cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with long standing type 1 diabetes

International audienceAbstractBackgroundWe evaluated the risks of renal and cardiovascular complications, and mortality associated with lower extremity amputation (LEA) in patients with type 1 diabetes.MethodsWe studied two cohorts of people with long standing type 1 diabetes: GENEDIAB (n = 456) and GENESIS (n = 611). Subsets of the cohorts (n = 260, n = 544) were followed for 9 and 5 years, respectively. Outcomes were the incidence of end stage renal disease (ESRD), myocardial infarction, stroke and mortality during follow-up. Analyses were performed in pooled cohorts.ResultsThe prevalence of LEA at baseline was 9.3 % (n = 99). A positive history of LEA was associated with the baseline prevalence of established (OR 4.50, 95 % CI 2.33–8.91, p < 0.0001) and advanced diabetic nephropathy (OR 5.50, 95 % CI 2.89–10.78, p < 0.0001), ESRD (OR 2.86, 95 % CI 1.43–5.50, p = 0.004), myocardial infarction (OR 3.25, 95 % CI 1.68–6.15, p = 0.0006) and stroke (OR 3.88, 95 % CI 1.67–8.72, p = 0.002, adjusted for sex, age, and cohort membership). A positive history of LEA at baseline was associated with the incidence during follow-up of ESRD (HR 2.69, 95 % CI 1.17–6.20, p = 0.02), and myocardial infarction (HR 3.53, 95 % CI 1.79–6.97, p = 0.0001). History of LEA was also associated with increased risk for all-cause (HR 3.55, 95 % CI 2.05–6.16, p < 0.0001), cardiovascular (HR 3.30, 95 % CI 1.36–8.02, p = 0.008), infectious disease (HR 5.18, 95 % CI 1.13–23.84, p = 0.03) and other-cause mortality (HR 2.81, 95 % CI 1.09–7.26, p = 0.03). History of LEA at baseline was associated with a 40 % reduction in the duration of survival in the subset of patients who died during follow-up. Population attributable risk of the history of LEA at baseline for total mortality during follow-up was 0.31.ConclusionsPatients with LEA have a higher risk of ESRD, myocardial infarction and cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality. Our results highlight the importance of LEA as a key-predictor for major vascular events and premature death in type 1 diabetic patients

A ground state solution for a nonhomogeneous elliptic Kirchhoff type problem involving critical growth and Hardy term

This paper concerns singular elliptic Kirchhof’s equations whose nonlinearity has a critical growth and contains an inhomogeneous perturbation in a regular bounded domain of R3. To explore the existence of a ground state solution, we rely on various techniques related to variational methods and the Nehari decomposition

The development of a sub-atmospheric two-phase thermosyphon natural gas preheater using a lumped capacitance model and comparison with experimental results

The pre-heating of natural gas supplied to both domestic and industrial use is required to counteract the Joule–Thomson effect due to pressure reduction. Most existing pre-heaters are in the form of water bath heaters, where both the burner and exchanger are immersed in a closed water tank. These systems usually have a low efficiency, and as a result of thermal inertia have a long time lag to accommodate changes in Natural Gas (NG) mass flow rates. In this paper, the two-phase thermosyphon theory is implemented in a sub-atmospheric context to design and study a new preheating system in a transient fashion. This system is partially vacuumed (absolute pressure of 2 kPa) to lower the temperature operation range to reduce the required working fluid volume, hence reduce the required energy and improve the response time. The transient numerical model is based on a lumped capacitance method, and the full system is solved by using a fourth order Runge–Kutta method. The numerical model is validated through comparison with experimental results. Minimum efficiency of 68% has been achieved in some tests, whilst maximum efficiency of 80% in other tests. Simulations of the thermosyphon preheater system have been performed to analyse the effect of changing the working fluid volume and composition

Aproximación al dialecto argelino: la variedad de Orán

Trabajo de grado. Grado en Estudios Árabes e Islámicos. Curso 2018-2019[ES]En el presente trabajo se aborda la evolución de las variedades habladas del árabe, así como los criterios que se siguen a la hora de clasificar dichas variedades (diacrónico, diastrático y diatópico), y la situación lingüística actual del mundo árabe. Dentro de este marco, el foco de atención ha sido la historia y de la situación (socio)lingüística del Mágreb, tomando como ejemplo el caso de Argelia, país del que se han aportado los datos históricos más relevantes en relación con la evolución de la lengua hablada en el país, especialmente datos propios de la época colonial y postcolonial francesa, así como un análisis fonético y fonológico de un corpus extraído de varias entrevistas realizadas a personas cuya lengua materna es el dialecto de la ciudad de Orán. [EN]In this essay we approach the topic concerning the evolution of the Arabic language’s spoken varieties just as the guidelines that are followed when it comes to sorting them (diachronic, diastratic and diatopic), and also the current linguistic situation in the Arab world. In this setting our attention has been focused on the history and on the idiomatic status of the Maghrib, taking as an example the case of Algeria of which we have provided the most important historical datum related to the evolution of the spoken languange in the country, especially the details about the french colonial era and the post-colonial age itself. We present as well a phonetic and phonological analysis of a corpus extracted from several interviews that we carried out towards some people whose first language is the dialect of the Oran’s city

Sur une classe de problèmes elliptiques avec poids sphériques

Cette thèse est consacrée aux problèmes elliptiques à coe¢ cients sphériques. Plus pré- cisément, on s intéresse à l existence et la multiplicité des solutions de la classe de problèmes elliptiques