Bayesian Inference from Composite Likelihoods, with an Application to Spatial Extremes

Composite likelihoods are increasingly used in applications where the full likelihood is analytically unknown or computationally prohibitive. Although the maximum composite likelihood estimator has frequentist properties akin to those of the usual maximum likelihood estimator, Bayesian inference based on composite likelihoods has yet to be explored. In this paper we investigate the use of the Metropolis--Hastings algorithm to compute a pseudo-posterior distribution based on the composite likelihood. Two methodologies for adjusting the algorithm are presented and their performance on approximating the true posterior distribution is investigated using simulated data sets and real data on spatial extremes of rainfall

Aux marges méridionales de la Franche-Comté, un "pays" un peu oublié: la Petite Montagne

Dans l'ensemble du massif jurassien, la Petite Montagne occupe une place à part. Son originalité, elle la doit certes à la diversité et à la richesse de son milieu naturel, mais aussi à l'organisation du peuplement et des activités humaines. Jadis florissant, ce petit pays connaît, depuis des décennies, une crise économique et sociale dont on voit mal l'issue, malgré les nombreux efforts déployés pour lui redonner vie

Des crues et des hommes: le cas de la Savoureuse dans le Territoire de Belfort

Les crues constituent des épisodes majeurs dans la dynamique des cours d'eau. À l'échelle d'une vie humaine, elles apparaissent comme des événements exceptionnels par leur rareté, leur soudaineté et l'ampleur des volumes d'eau mis en jeu ; la brutale montée des flots s'accompagnant souvent de débordements. Dans des espaces densément peuplés, les inondations prennent alors l'allure de catastrophes provoquant des dégâts matériels et mettant en péril les vies humaines. Aussi, de tout temps, les hommes ont tenté, avec des fortunes diverses, de se préserver contre de tels risques

Multi-Objective Design Optimization of the Leg Mechanism for a Piping Inspection Robot

This paper addresses the dimensional synthesis of an adaptive mechanism of contact points ie a leg mechanism of a piping inspection robot operating in an irradiated area as a nuclear power plant. This studied mechanism is the leading part of the robot sub-system responsible of the locomotion. Firstly, three architectures are chosen from the literature and their properties are described. Then, a method using a multi-objective optimization is proposed to determine the best architecture and the optimal geometric parameters of a leg taking into account environmental and design constraints. In this context, the objective functions are the minimization of the mechanism size and the maximization of the transmission force factor. Representations of the Pareto front versus the objective functions and the design parameters are given. Finally, the CAD model of several solutions located on the Pareto front are presented and discussed.Comment: Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences \& Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Buffalo : United States (2014

A Generic Information and Consent Framework for the IoT

The Internet of Things (IoT) raises specific issues in terms of information and consent, which makes the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) challenging in this context. In this report, we propose a generic framework for information and consent in the IoT which is protective both for data subjects and for data controllers. We present a high level description of the framework, illustrate its generality through several technical solutions and case studies, and sketch a prototype implementation