Autism as diversity or difference? : A text analysis study involving students, caregivers and education professionals in two special educational settings

The number of students diagnosed with autism is increasing. In Sweden, it is today possible to find both special classes and special schools dedicated to students with autism. This study explores the meaning that the diagnosis assumes in two special educational contexts. Data were collected from interviews with 23 students and questionnaires filled out by 18 education professionals and 22 caregivers. Data were analysed using the Methodology for the Analysis of Computerised Text Data (MADIT). The results are discussed in relation to a) implications for the educational agenda and b) processes that create diversity versus processes that create difference. Some of the main results suggest that participants are using the diagnosis to move towards diversity. Other results indicate that the diagnosis could create unnecessary limitations regarding what the students could become

Terrorism as an interactive process : a tool for the assessment of terrorist affiliation degree

The present paper proposes an instrument to measure the risk of terrorist conflicts through the concept of affiliation to a terrorist organization. The proposed instrument is called the Tool for the Assessment of Terrorist Affiliation Degree (TATAD) and measures how close the respondents are to a complete affiliation, on a scale of four degrees. Based on the Methodology for the Analysis of Computerised Textual Data, each degree is characterized by specific interactive modalities that differ in the ways they contribute to conflict or to community cohesion. Based on the degree of affiliation, it is possible to anticipate acts of conflict that are coherent with the modality of interaction measured by TATAD. By considering the interactive modalities, and not only the contents linked to terrorism, the process of affiliation is the same independently of the type of terrorist society and its beliefs (ideological, religious, etc.). Therefore, TATAD can be used independently of the specific context and motives of terrorism. By detecting critical modalities of interaction, TATAD can be used to support decision making and plan interventions to promote community cohesion in prisons and migration services, and to evaluate the efficiency of counter-terrorism strategies, policies and projects aimed at promoting social cohesion.</p