Finanzierung der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung im Zusammenhang mit berufsbegleitenden Masterprogrammen aus der Universität Zürich

Im Rahmen einer Studie hat der Lehrstuhl für Performance Management unter der Leitung von Frau Prof. Dr. Andrea Schenker-Wicki untersucht, in welcher Form die Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter von Unternehmungen in der Weiterbildung unterstützt werden. Befragt wurden Absolventinnen und Absolventen verschiedener Weiterbildungsstudiengänge an der Universität Zürich

Disentangling gender and age effects on risky single occasion drinking during adolescence

Objectives: To determine the association between adolescent risky single occasion drinking (RSOD) and gender, age, and the relative age position of students within their class. Method: A cross-sectional national representative sample of 7088 from 8th to 10th graders in Switzerland (mean age 14.6; SD = 0.94) as part of the ESPAD international study was analysed using hierarchical linear modelling. Results: Being male, older than the class average and a member of older classes (on average) was associated with a higher RSOD frequency. Additionally, interactions between student and class level were found. The higher the mean class age the greater the difference in RSOD between boys and girls, and the lower the impact on RSOD of the relative age position in a class. Conclusions: In early and mid-adolescence, prevention efforts should try to impede the modelling of alcohol use of older classmates, whereas in late adolescence gender-specific motives for RSOD should be taken into accoun

Cybersex Use and Problematic Cybersex Use Among Young Swiss Men: Associations with Sociodemographic, Sexual, and Psychological Factors

Background and aims: Cybersex use (CU) is highly prevalent in Switzerland’s population, particularly among young men. CU may have negative consequences if it gets out of control. This study estimated prevalence of CU, frequency of CU (FCU), and problematic CU (PCU) and their correlates. Methods: A non-selective sample of young Swiss men (N =5,332, mean age = 25.45) completed a questionnaire assessing FCU and PCU, sociodemographics (age, linguistic region, and education), sexuality (being in a relationship, number of sexual partners, and sexual orientation), dysfunctional coping (denial, self-distraction, behavioral disengagement, and self-blame), and personality traits (aggression/hostility, sociability, anxiety/neuroticism, and sensation seeking). Associations were tested using hurdle and negative binomial regression models. Results: At least monthly CU was reported by 78.6% of participants. CU was associated positively with post-secondary schooling (vs. primary schooling), German-speaking (vs. French-speaking), homosexuality, bisexuality (vs. heterosexuality), more than one sexual partner (vs. one), dysfunctional coping (except denial), and all personality traits except sociability, but negatively with being in a relationship (vs. not), age, and sociability. FCU was associated positively with homosexuality, bisexuality, no or more than one sexual partner, dysfunctional coping (except denial), and all personality traits except sociability, but negatively with age, being in a relationship, and sociability. PCU was associated positively with bisexuality, four or more sexual partners, dysfunctional coping, and all personality traits except sociability, but negatively with German-speaking and sociability. Discussion and conclusions: CU should be viewed in light of its associations with sociodemographic, sexual, and psychological factors. Healthcare professionals should consider these aspects to adapt their interventions to patients’ needs

A systematic review and meta-analysis of Collective Teacher Efficacy’s relationships with outcomes in the Job Demands-Resources model

Given the challenges of teacher burnout and shortages, understanding factors that enhance teacher well-being is crucial. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesise findings from 49 studies (1999–2024), examining relationships between Collective Teacher Efficacy (CTE) and job- and health-related outcomes within the Job Demands-Resources model among compulsory schoolteachers. Despite CTE’s conceptualisation as a group-level construct, only ten studies employed appropriate multilevel models. Analysis of individual-level relationships across 44 studies (32,053 teachers) reveals that CTE was significantly related to diminished negative outcomes and enhanced positive outcomes, underscoring CTE’s impact on healthy school environments. Future research should prioritise multilevel and longitudinal approaches

Changing students’ explicit and implicit attitudes toward peers with disabilities: Effects of a curriculum-based intervention programme

Negative peer attitudes are a significant barrier to social participation of students with disabilities in inclusive classrooms. Although many intervention studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of interaction or disability awareness programmes in promoting positive peer attitudes, reliance on students’ self-reported attitudes is prone to social desirability bias and is unable to capture implicit prejudice. The present study examined changes in students’ explicit and implicit attitudes toward peers with disabilities after a curriculum-based intervention programme (“Prinzip Vielfalt”), which aims to promote an open-minded attitude toward human diversity. Teachers in 12 primary school classes in the experimental group (n = 195 students) used the programme for eight weeks, whereas a control group of 12 classes (n = 191 students) used no intervention. Students’ pre- and post-intervention attitudes were assessed using an adapted version of the Chedoke–McMaster Attitudes Towards Children with Handicaps Scale and a disability Implicit Association Test for children. Post-intervention analyses revealed a significant relative improvement in explicit attitudes toward peers with disabilities in the experimental group compared to the control group (b = 0.20, 95% CI = [0.03; 0.37]) but no change in implicit attitudes (b = -0.03, 95% CI = [-0.10; 0.03]). Thus, while the intervention positively affected self-reported attitudes, implicit negative associations were unchanged. Using explicit and implicit measures of attitudes and attitude changes among children can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms and effectiveness of different intervention strategies

How drinking motives mediate associations between sexual orientation and indicators of alcohol use – a study among young Swiss men

BACKGROUND: Individuals with a minority sexual orientation have consistently been found to face a greater risk of mental health problems and problematic substance use than heterosexual individuals. The present study examined whether differences in alcohol use or alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms across the spectrum of sexual orientations could be explained by drinking motives (i.e. enhancement, social, coping and conformity motives). METHOD: A non-self-selective sample of non-abstinent, young Swiss men (N = 5,139; mean age = 25.4, SD = 1.25) completed a self-reporting questionnaire on sexual orientation (on a five-point attraction scale: heterosexual, mostly-heterosexual, bisexual, mostly-homosexual, homosexual), drinking motives, alcohol use indicators (e.g. heavy episodic drinking, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption [AUDIT-C]), and AUD symptoms. Structural equation modelling was used to test whether drinking motives mediated the associations between dummy-coded sexual orientation (with heterosexual men as the reference) and alcohol use indicators or AUD symptoms. RESULTS: Mostly-heterosexual men exhibited higher scores on alcohol use indicators than heterosexual men, with almost full mediation through their drinking motives, specifically higher enhancement motives. They also reported more AUD symptoms, partially mediated through drinking motives, with comparable contributions from enhancement and coping motives. Homosexual men, however, displayed similar or lower scores for alcohol use indicators and AUD symptoms than heterosexual men, but these differences were not mediated by drinking motives. Indeed, homosexual men exhibited greater coping motives than heterosexual men. No significant results or discernible patterns emerged for bisexual or mostly-homosexual men. DISCUSSION: These findings highlight the importance of considering the full spectrum of sexual orientations in healthcare and of broadening the focus on drinking motives beyond coping. Understanding the varied motives for alcohol use across the spectrum of sexual orientations facilitates tailored prevention strategies

Longitudinal Associations between Sensation Seeking and Its Components and Alcohol Use in Young SWISS Men — Are There Bidirectional Associations?

The association between alcohol use and sensation seeking is well known. Less is known about whether longitudinal changes in alcohol use are associated with changes in sensation seeking and in which direction influence might flow. 5125 men aged 20.0 years old at baseline and 25.4 years old at follow-up responded to the Brief Sensation Seeking Questionnaire, which measures four subscales of experience seeking, boredom susceptibility, thrill- and adventure-seeking, and disinhibition. Alcohol use was measured using volume (drinks per week) and binge drinking (about 60 g or more per occasion). Associations were calculated using cross-lagged panel models and two-wave latent change score models. Correlations between the latent change scores for alcohol use and the sensation-seeking subscales were all positive, being largest for disinhibition (r > 0.3) and much smaller (r ~ 0.1) for the others. Disinhibition was the dominant effect over the entire sensation-seeking scale. Cross-lagged paths were (except for thrill- and adventure-seeking) bidirectional and mostly higher from alcohol use to sensation seeking (e.g., pathvolume-disinhibition = 0.136, and pathdisinhibition-volume = 0.072). Again, effects were highest for disinhibition. Given the bidirectional links between sensation seeking and alcohol use, preventive efforts aiming to achieve stable positive changes in alcohol use and personality should target both simultaneously and focus on disinhibition

Key drivers for enhancing innovation performance of innovation networks

This research article provides empirical insights on the key drivers for successful internal and external innovation network management. The hypotheses are tested empirically using survey data collected from stock-listed companies in Germany, Switzerland and Austria. The data include the complete responses from 141 R&D managers for the period from 2004 to 2008. Our results show that cross-functional teamwork in R&D projects has been increasingly implemented as part of the internal network strategy. Interestingly, we found no significant effect of intensive cross-functional employee cooperation on the firms' innovation performance. According to our result, key driver for internal innovation network management is a fault-tolerant innovation culture, as it is positively related to product innovation performance. Regarding external innovation network management, the use of Web 2.0 and social networking technologies is a key driver for high product innovation performance. In addition, the results reveal the endurance of external innovation networks as a key driver for the existence of radical innovations. Innovation networks that are older than five years have a substantial positive influence on product innovation performance and on the existence of radical innovations

Chancen und Risiken von Lernzielreduktion und Nachteilsausgleich: Ausgewählte Ergebnisse einer Berner Längsschnittstudie zu Vergabe und Auswirkungen integrativer schulischer Massnahmen

Der Artikel diskutiert die Chancen und Risiken der konträren Massnahmen Lernzielreduktion (RILZ) und Nachteilsaus- gleich (NAG) anhand zentraler Ergebnisse einer Berner Längsschnittstudie. Es zeigt sich, dass der Erhalt der Massnah- men mit der sozialen Herkunft der Lernenden zusammenhängt, was Bildungsungleichheiten verstärken kann. Im Ge- gensatz zum NAG ist RILZ mit verschiedenen Risiken verbunden, unter anderem mit einer geringeren Einschätzung des kognitiven Potenzials der Lernenden durch die Lehrpersonen und einer negativen Entwicklung der Schulleistung und des akademischen Selbstkonzepts. Lehr- und Fachpersonen sollten daher für Vergabemechanismen und Wirkungen die- ser Massnahmen sensibilisiert sein und diese umsichtig einsetzen

Associations of binge gaming (5 or more consecutive hours played) with gaming disorder and mental health in young men.

BACKGROUND Video gaming is a popular activity among young people. Time spent with gaming was found to be only moderately associated with gaming disorder. However, patterns of binge gaming (playing more than 5 h consecutively) were rarely considered in research on gaming. This study explores how binge gaming frequency is related with gaming disorder and mental health. METHODS The sample came from the Cohort study on substance use risk factors (C-SURF) and comprised 5,358 young men aged 28.26 years (SD = 1.27). ANCOVA was conducted to estimate the association between binge gaming frequency (gaming at least 5 h consecutively) and gaming disorder (measured with the Game Addiction Scale) as well as indicators of mental health. RESULTS A total of 33.3% of the sample engaged in binge gaming at least once in the previous year, and 6.1% at least weekly. Frequency of binge gaming was associated with gaming disorder score in a linear dose-response relationship (linear trend = 2.30 [2.14, 2.46]) even if adjusted for time spent gaming (linear trend = 1.24 [1.03, 1.45). More frequent binge gaming was associated with lower life satisfaction and sleep quality, and with more major depression and social anxiety disorder symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Binge gaming patterns, especially daily or almost daily binge gaming, are important to consider with regard to gaming disorder and mental health. Asking about binge gaming may be a promising screening question for gaming related problems. Encouraging regular breaks from gaming may be a valuable prevention strategy to reduce negative outcomes of gaming