Differences in reconsideration percentages between standardized attainment tests in the last year of primary school

In the Netherlands, track recommendations are used to allocate students to a track in secondary education. If the results of a standardized attainment test in the final grade of primary education indicate that students can go to a higher track, primary schools are required to reconsider the track recommendation. Currently, five tests are used for this purpose. This study explored whether and to what extent the percentage of reconsiderations differs per test, using population data of four recent cohorts. Large differences were found in the percentages of reconsiderations, both between tests and between cohorts. Of the three most used tests, the Centrale Eindtoets had the highest percentage of reconsiderations in 2020-2021, followed by the IEP Eindtoets. ROUTE 8 had the lowest percentage of reconsiderations in 2020-2021. To gain more insight into the comparability of these tests, more scientific research on the predictive and content validity of these tests is recommended.</p

Verschillen in percentages heroverwegingen tussen de eindtoetsen in groep 8

In the Netherlands, track recommendations are used to allocate students to a track in secondary education. If the results of a standardized attainment test in the final grade of primary education indicate that students can go to a higher track, primary schools are required to reconsider the track recommendation. Currently, five tests are used for this purpose. This study explored whether and to what extent the percentage of reconsiderations differs per test, using population data of four recent cohorts. Large differences were found in the percentages of reconsiderations, both between tests and between cohorts. Of the three most used tests, the Centrale Eindtoets had the highest percentage of reconsiderations in 2020-2021, followed by the IEP Eindtoets. ROUTE 8 had the lowest percentage of reconsiderations in 2020-2021. To gain more insight into the comparability of these tests, more scientific research on the predictive and content validity of these tests is recommended

Differences in reconsideration percentages between standardized attainment tests in the last year of primary school

In the Netherlands, track recommendations are used to allocate students to a track in secondary education. If the results of a standardized attainment test in the final grade of primary education indicate that students can go to a higher track, primary schools are required to reconsider the track recommendation. Currently, five tests are used for this purpose. This study explored whether and to what extent the percentage of reconsiderations differs per test, using population data of four recent cohorts. Large differences were found in the percentages of reconsiderations, both between tests and between cohorts. Of the three most used tests, the Centrale Eindtoets had the highest percentage of reconsiderations in 2020-2021, followed by the IEP Eindtoets. ROUTE 8 had the lowest percentage of reconsiderations in 2020-2021. To gain more insight into the comparability of these tests, more scientific research on the predictive and content validity of these tests is recommended.</p

Is Higher Docetaxel Clearance in Prostate Cancer Patients Explained by Higher CYP3A? An In Vivo Phenotyping Study with Midazolam

Patients with prostate cancer (PCa) have a lower docetaxel exposure for both intravenous (1.8-fold) and oral administration (2.4-fold) than patients with other solid cancers, which could influence efficacy and toxicity. An altered metabolism by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) due to castration status might explain the observed difference in docetaxel pharmacokinetics. In this in vivo phenotyping, pharmacokinetic study, CYP3A activity defined by midazolam clearance (CL) was compared between patients with PCa and male patients with other solid tumors. All patients with solid tumors who did not use CYP3A-modulating drugs were eligible for participation. Patients received 2 mg midazolam orally and 1 mg midazolam intravenously on 2 consecutive days. Plasma concentrations were measured with a validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method. Genotyping was performed for CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. Nine patients were included in each group. Oral midazolam CL was 1.26-fold higher in patients with PCa compared to patients with other solid tumors (geometric mean [coefficient of variation], 94.1 [33.5%] L/h vs 74.4 [39.1%] L/h, respectively; P =.08). Intravenous midazolam CL did not significantly differ between the 2 groups (P =.93). Moreover, the metabolic ratio of midazolam to 1′-hydroxy midazolam did not differ between the 2 groups for both oral administration (P =.67) and intravenous administration (P =.26). CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genotypes did not influence midazolam pharmacokinetics. The observed difference in docetaxel pharmacokinetics between both patient groups therefore appears to be explained neither by a difference in midazolam CL nor by a difference in metabolic conversion rate of midazolam

Knee Dislocation: A Case Report, Diagnostic Vascular Work-Up, and Literature Review

Knee dislocation is an uncommon, potentially limb-threatening, knee injury. Most often caused by high-velocity trauma, it can also result from low- or even ultra-low-velocity trauma. Rapid identification of the injury, reduction, and definitive management are necessary to minimize neurovascular damage. We present a case of rotatory anterolateral knee dislocation sustained during a twisting sports-related event. Special emphasis is placed on diagnosing vascular injuries associated with knee dislocations