Fossil Marine Vertebrates from the Middle Part of the Upper Cretaceous Graneros Shale in Southeastern Nebraska

The Graneros Shale is a rock unit formed in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of North America. In this study, I report an assemblage of fossil vertebrates from the middle portion of the Graneros Shale in southeastern Nebraska. The estimated age of this fauna is about 97 million years old, and it is dominated by carnivores that consist of at least 11 taxa, comprising of eight sharks, one bony fish, and two reptilians (turtle and plesiosaur). The fauna includes taxa indicative of a nearshore, but fully marine, environment that do not contradict with previous paleoenvironmental inferences made for the Graneros Shale. This study is important because it represents the first collective faunal study of fossil vertebrates from the mid-Graneros Shale at a single locality

Ekologiczny i ekonomiczny rozwój rolnictwa na Ukrainie

The conditions for ecological safety and economic growth of Ukrainian agrarian complex are analyzed, as well as the factors effecting on present-day state of agrarian sector are considered and ecological components in a system of Ukrainian agriculture are assessed. Effects of state regulation on ecological and economic development of domestic agrarian sector are characterized. Perspective ways to help solve strategic agrarian tasks include involvement of organizational and economic levers to be the mechanisms for uniform development of various sub-sectors of agrarian economy; introduction of modern integrative logistic-type agrarian associations; betterment of agricultural products’ sales conditions; expansion of sales network on the basis of agrarian market’s improved infrastructure, etc; indisputable support of innovative technologies in the process of production; consideration of ecological and economic factors in conditions of increased use of renewable resources; re-utilization of wastes of agricultural production.W artykule przeanalizowano warunki bezpieczeństwa ekologicznego i wzrostu gospodarczego sektora agrarnego na Ukrainie. Uwzględniono także czynniki wpływające na jego obecny stan. Autorzy dokonali oceny wpływu regulacji państwowych na rozwój krajowego sektora rolnego. W badaniu wzięto pod uwagę różne sposoby realizacji strategicznych zadań, obejmujące zastosowanie dźwigni organizacyjnych i ekonomicznych jako mechanizmów rozwoju podsektorów gospodarki rolnej. Podkreślono wagę takich rozwiązań jak: wprowadzenie nowoczesnych integracyjnych stowarzyszeń agrarnych typu logistycznego, poprawa warunków sprzedaży produktów rolnych, rozbudowa sieci sprzedaży w oparciu o ulepszoną infrastrukturę rynku rolnego. Ogromne znaczenie dla rozwoju rolnictwa na terenie Ukrainy mogą mieć: wsparcie innowacyjnych technologii w procesie produkcji, uwzględnienie czynników ekologicznych i ekonomicznych w kontekście zwiększonego wykorzystania zasobów odnawialnych czy ponowne wykorzystanie odpadów z produkcji rolnej

Bifilar microwires based on bismuth and tin

AbstractThese studies and analysis of the literature data showed that these BMs can be used for the manufacture of sensing devices. In this work, we propose a technique of preparation of transducers using the studied BMs suitable for instrumentation applications. It is found that the use of BMs based on bismuth and tin as sensing elements greatly simplifies the technique of production of the elements and increases their reliability owning to lower rigidity and higher strength

Effect of cadmium doping on some properties of glass-insulated bismuthbased microwires

AbstractThe results show the possibility of using microwires of cadmium doped bismuth as a magnetic field sensor. The technique of preparation of microresistors using the studied microwires is proposed; these microresistors have small sizes and high mechanical and magnetic properties; they are reliable, vibration resistant, and stable in operation

Thermoelectric Properties of Wires Bi2Te3 in the Glass Coating p and n Type

The aim of our research was to prepare micro- and nanowires of n- and p-type Bi2Te3 in glass insulation and to study their thermoelectric properties as a function of heat treatment, i.e., annealing, recrystallization, and wire diameter. The n- and p-type Bi2Te3 wires in glass insulation were prepared via liquid-phase casting through heating a glass tube containing the Bi2Te3 material of the appropriate composition using an outer furnace. For the first time, by re-drawing wires vitrified Bi2Te3 were obtained with the wires diameter up to 1 mkm. Due to the fact that the resistivity of the thin wires (d = 2 mkm) is almost an order of magnitude smaller than in the wires of p-type Bi2Te3 (d> 50 mkm), Power factor= α2σ at 300 K = 3,5*10-5 W/cm*K2 exceeds the maximum P.f= 1,2*10-5 W/cm*K2, obtained in wires with d> 50 mkm, even after additional annealing for 24 hours. It has been shown that the isothermal annealing increases both thermopower α and resistivity ρ in the samples of hole conductivity; unlike p-type, the parameters α and ρ vary only slightly after annealing. The parameters of the annealed samples hardly changed during the entire test period. Therefore, it is recommended to subject Bi2Te3 wires in glass insulation to an additional long-term annealing at appropriate temperatures in the case of their use in thermoelectric energy converters

Double microthermocouple made on the basis of BI2TE3 microwires for biomedical research

AbstractDevelopment of the technology for manufacturing miniature device for microscopy investigation of various biological objects with the possibility of changing their temperature in the direction of its increase and decrease is important. Due to very good thermoelectric performance at room temperature the BiTe microwires in glass coating for constructing this device were selected. Most frequently for materials of n-type conductivity the alloys Bi2Te3-xSex(x=0.1’1) are utilized. As thermoelectric material of p-type conductivity, the alloys (Bi2Te3)1-x(Sb2Te3)x commonly used

Shubnikov- de Haas effect and thermoelectric properties layer and wires

Thermoelectric devices have been attracting attention because of their ability to convert to electricity. The most widely used commercial thermoelectric material is bulk Bi2Te3 and its alloys with Sb, Se, and so on, which have ZT=S2T/k1, where S, , k and T are the Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity and absolute temperature, respectively. It is difficult to scale bulk Bi2Te3 to large-scale energy conversion, but fabricating synthetic nanostructures for his purpose is even more difficult and expensive. The advent of the topological insulator and the emerging micro- and nanotechnology open a new way to design high- performance thermoelectric device. Here we present the investigations the thermoelectric properties and Shubnikov de Haas oscillations in longitudinal and transverse magnetic field of the Bi2Te3 wires and layers on temperature range 2.1-300 K. Bi2Te 3 microwires in glass coating were prepared by the Ulitovsky-Teilor method

Coassembly of Mgm1 isoforms requires cardiolipin and mediates mitochondrial inner membrane fusion

The soluble and membrane-anchored isoforms of Mgm1 are only active when they work together (in trans)