GHz Range SAW Transducers Using Electron Beam Lithography

Nanometer electrodes of the order of 0.085 μm width have been fabricated using direct electron beam lithography, normal lift-off techniques and 0₂-plasma cleaning system. These techniques have been applied to Inter-Digital Transducers (IDТ) as surface acoustic wave (SAW) transducers in the GHz-range. We performed SAW filter experiments at GHz-range. Filters with minimum insertion loss of 16.0 dB at the center frequency of 5 GHz and 27 dB at 11 GHz were obtained.Zadanie pt. Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę

ナンキョク チイキ カイガンセン フキン ノ ロガン チタイ ノ イケ オヨビ フウカブツ ニツイテ

On the coastal region of Antarctica (from 39°E to 49°E) many ponds and pools are found on bare rocks during the summer. Limnological observations of these ponds and pools were carried out in four places. The water is considered to originate in melted snow. The temperature of the surface water ranged between 1℃ and 14℃ by solar radiation. This is intersting considering the fact that the air temperature was below 5℃. Some algae were found on the bottom. Nutrient salts are very poor; traces of P0_3, N0_2, NH_3 were detected. Si0_2 is 20-30 mμ/1. Dissolved oxygen is 7-9 cc/1 and saturated at this temperature. On the coast of Rena Bay (67°20\u27S, 49°15\u27E) a small amount of soil was found near a glacier

傾聴ボランティアの臨床心理学的意義とその養成 [全文の要約]

関西大

Influência das propriedades do solo sobre a abundância das espécies vegetais em campos ferruginosos no sudeste do Brasil

Ferruginous "campos rupestres" are a particular type of vegetation growing on iron-rich primary soils. We investigated the influence of soil properties on plant species abundance at two sites of ferruginous "campos rupestres" and one site of quartzitic "campo rupestre", all of them in "Quadrilátero Ferrífero", in Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil. In each site, 30 quadrats were sampled to assess plant species composition and abundance, and soil samples were taken to perform chemical and physical analyses. The analyzed soils are strongly acidic and presented low fertility and high levels of metallic cations; a principal component analysis of soil data showed a clear segregation among sites due mainly to fertility and heavy metals content, especially Cu, Zn, and Pb. The canonical correspondence analysis indicated a strong correlation between plant species abundance and soil properties, also segregating the sites.Os campos ferruginosos são um tipo particular de vegetação que cresce sobre solos primários ricos em ferro. Estudou-se a influência do solo sobre a abundância em espécies vegetais em duas áreas de campos ferruginosos e uma área de campo rupestre quartzítico, todos no Quadrilátero Ferrífero, em Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil. Em cada área foram amostradas 30 parcelas para avaliar a composição florística e a abundância, e analisar o solo. Os solos das áreas estudadas são fortemente ácidos, com baixa fertilidade e altos níveis de cátions metálicos, e mostraram clara separação na análise de componentes principais, devido principalmente à fertilidade e ao teor de metais pesados, especialmente Cu, Zn e Pb. A análise de correspondência canônica indicou uma forte correlação entre a abundância e as propriedades do solo, também separando as áreas

Discriminant analysis of bronchial asthma by linear discriminant function with parameters of flow-volumes: discriminant analysis of bronchial asthma in young male non-smokers

With the parameters of a flow-volume and a volume-time curve, the discriminant analysis of bronchial asthma is described. The subjects were classified into three groups (healthy adults, mild asthmatic patients and moderates ones). The difference of the mean vectors of the parameters of the three groups was made clear by the selection methods of the discriminant analysis between any two of the groups both with 6 parameters (%FVC, FEV1.0%, peak flow rate (PF), flow rate at 50% of FVC (V50), flow rate at 25% of FVC (V25), and V50/V25) and with 8 (6 parameters mentioned above and V75, V10). Forced expiratory volume in 1 second percent (FEV1.0%) or V50 was selected at the first step with 6 parameters, and V75 was selected at the first step with 8 parameters. Probabilities of misclassification with 8 parameters were lower than those with 6 ones and the probability of misclassification at the discriminant analysis between healthy adults and mild asthmatic patients with 8 parameters was 15.75% at the final step.</p