LAPORAN INDIVIDU PRAKTIK PENGALAMAN LAPANGAN (PPL) UNY DI SMK N 3 WONOSARI Jl. Pramuka No. 8 Wonosari Gunungkidul

Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta semester khusus 2014 yang berlokasi di SMK Negeri 3 Wonosari telah dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa pada tanggal 2 Juli 2014 sampai 17 September 2014. Kelompok PPL di lokasi ini terdiri dari 18 mahasiswa yang terdiri dari 8 mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Boga, 8 mahasiswa Pendidikan Elektronika, dan 5 mahasiswa Pendidikan Eektro. Selama kegiatan PPL, praktikan melakukan praktik mengajar mandiri dan team teaching, yaitu untuk mengajar mandiri di kelas XI TB 1 dan XI TB 2, sedangkan untuk team teaching di kelas XII TB 1 dan XII TB 2. Dari keseluruhan praktik mengajar, praktikan melakukan praktik mengajar mandiri sebanyak 24 kali. Selama PPL, praktikan juga menyusun program- program agar pelaksanaan PPL berjalan dengan lancar. Kegiatan praktik mengajar dilakukan selama 7 kali untuk teori dikelas XI TB 1 dimulai pada hari Sabtu, 09 Agustus 2014 sampai dengan hari Senin, Sedangkan dikelas XI TB 2 dimulai pada hari Kamis, 07 September 2014 sampai dengan hari Selasa, 16 September 2014. Pada pengajaran praktik dilakukan selama 4 kali untuk kelas XI TB 1 dimulai tanggal 23 Agustus 2014 sampai dengan 13 September 2014, sedangkan untuk kelas XI TB 2 dimulai tanggal 21 Agustus 2014 sampai dengan 11 September 2014

De la fonction de la femme exotique dans quelques romans francais du dix-neuvieme siecle

La fem m e exotique est un personnage récurrent dans les romans français du dixneuvièm e siècle. Son rôle dans ces fictions mérite d ’être étudié. A l’époque, le voyage en A frique et surtout en Orient était l ’objet d ’un véritable engouement. Le séjour à l’étranger n ’était plus seulem ent une exploration d ’ordre scientifique, mais aussi et surtout un moyen d ’évasion. Hommes et fem m es partaient à la découverte de nouvelles contrées dans le but d ’oublier, en l’espace d ’un voyage, la société française pragmatique et bourgeoise qui tendait à réprim er les désirs. Selon Segalen, l’exotisme est la perception du divers, c ’est-à-dire de tout ce qui est autre. L ’exotism e peut égalem ent être d ’ordre temporel ou spatial. Cette complexité de la notion transparaît dans la littérature du dix-neuvième siècle. Le rôle de la femme exotique y est pluriel. Des auteurs féminins tels que George Sand ou Claire de Duras ont utilisé ce personnage de manière différente. Sa double altérité— en tant que femme et étrangère— servait un com bat pour une am élioration de la condition féminine. Pour Gustave Flaubert et Théophile Gautier, elle représente un Orient soi-disant figé dans l’enfance de l ’humanité. Son corps jeune sym bolise un retour dans le passé et incite à la conquête. Dans les oeuvres de Pierre Loti, la fem m e orientale ou africaine représente le pays autre qui attire et répugne. Elle envoûte d ’abord le voyageur mais sa différence se pose toujours com m e une barrière infranchissable, m ontrant par-là l ’impossible communion avec l ’Autre. Dans tous les cas, dont nous donnerons quelques exemples, la femme exotique représentait l ’altérité absolue. Son corps était le lieu d ’expression des malaises internes à la société française de l’époque

THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF USING EXTENSIVE READING MATERIAL BASED ON CEFR FRAMEWORK

Extensive Reading is an activity to read a text-based on someone's interest, and it is an effective method to improve reading skills. Nowadays, the university promotes Extensive Reading to boost students’ interest in reading along with improving reading skills. The purpose of this research is to investigate the students’ perception of using material Extensive Reading based on the CEFR Framework. This research using the qualitative method and collecting the data through SHOWeD. The participants in this research were 14 EFL college students of University in Indonesia who are following the Extensive Reading class for 16 meetings in 4 months. The result finds out that the students have positive perceptions toward Extensive Reading based on CEFR as material in reading

Deteksi Molekuler Burkholderia glumae, Penyebab Penyakit Hawar Malai Padi

The presence of bacterial panicle blight disease caused by Burkholderia glumae have been reported to infect rice plants in Indonesia. There have been no reports of yield losses due to B. glumae infection, but this pathogen is seed-borne so that it can increase the spreading potential to other areas. This study aims to determine the spread of the disease area of bacterial panicle blight in Java and to detect B. glumae based on ITS region of 16-23S rDNA. Methods for this research include surveys and random sampling of rice seeds directly from farmers and the Food Crop and Horticulture Center, Agriculture Office of Yogyakarta. The bacteria were isolated using S-PG selective medium, then DNA extraction was performed and amplified using a pair of primers BGF 5’-ACACGGAACACCTGGGTA-3’ and BGR 5’-TCGCTCTCC CGAAGAGAT-3’. 101 isolates were obtained from 21 seed samples consisting of 11 rice varieties from nine regions in Java that has different morphological characteristics. The eight isolates were detected as B. glumae by using ITS primers, i.e., isolates ChgCM.4, IRP.3, IRP.6b, InSB.1a, InSB.2a, InSB.3a, InSB.5a, and InSB.6a. The eight isolates were isolated from seed samples of Cirebon, Purworejo and Banyuwangi. This study shows that bacterial panicle blight disease has found in several rice varieties and locations in Java, and the ITS primer can be used for early detection of B. glumae in rice seed samples.   Intisari Penyakit hawar malai yang disebabkan oleh bakteri patogen Burkholderia glumae mulai banyak dilaporkan menginfeksi tanaman padi di Indonesia. Belum ada laporan mengenai kerugian akibat infeksi B. glumae di Indonesia, namun sifatnya yang tular benih dapat meningkatkan potensi menyebar ke wilayah lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui wilayah sebar penyakit hawar malai di Jawa dan mendeteksi secara molekuler berdasarkan urutan basa gen 16-23S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Metode yang dilakukan meliputi survei dan pengambilan sampel biji padi secara acak langsung dari petani dan UPT Balai Pengembangan Perbenihan Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura, Dinas Pertanian Yogyakarta. Sampel biji padi diisolasi menggunakan media selektif S-PG, kemudian dilakukan ekstraksi DNA, dan diamplifikasi menggunakan primer BGF 5’-ACACGGAACACCTGGGTA-3’ dan BGR 5’-TCGCTCTCC CGAAGAGAT-3’. Hasil survei di lapangan diperoleh 21 sampel biji yang terdiri dari 11 varietas padi dari sembilan wilayah di Jawa. Hasil isolasi diperoleh 101 isolat dan masing-masing isolat tersebut memiliki karakteristik morfologi yang berbeda. Delapan isolat dari total isolat yang diuji terdeteksi B. glumae menggunakan primer ITS, yaitu isolat ChgCM.4, IRP.3, IRP.6b, InSB.1a, InSB.2a, InSB.3a, InSB.5a, dan InSB.6a. Kedelapan isolat tersebut merupakan hasil isolasi sampel biji dari wilayah Cirebon, Purworejo, dan Banyuwangi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit hawar malai bakteri sudah terdeteksi pada varietas padi di beberapa lokasi wilayah Jawa, dan penggunaan primer ITS dapat digunakan untuk deteksi dini B. glumae pada sampel biji padi secara molekuler

Surrogate endpoints for overall survival in digestive oncology trials: which candidates? A questionnaires survey among clinicians and methodologists

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Overall survival (OS) is the gold standard for the demonstration of a clinical benefit in cancer trials. Replacement of OS by a surrogate endpoint allows to reduce trial duration. To date, few surrogate endpoints have been validated in digestive oncology. The aim of this study was to draw up an ordered list of potential surrogate endpoints for OS in digestive cancer trials, by way of a survey among clinicians and methodologists. Secondary objective was to obtain their opinion on surrogacy and quality of life (QoL).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In 2007 and 2008, self administered sequential questionnaires were sent to a panel of French clinicians and methodologists involved in the conduct of cancer clinical trials. In the first questionnaire, panellists were asked to choose the most important characteristics defining a surrogate among six proposals, to give advantages and drawbacks of the surrogates, and to answer questions about their validation and use. Then they had to suggest potential surrogate endpoints for OS in each of the following tumour sites: oesophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, biliary tract, lymphoma, colon, rectum, and anus. They finally gave their opinion on QoL as surrogate endpoint. In the second questionnaire, they had to classify the previously proposed candidate surrogates from the most (position #1) to the least relevant in their opinion.</p> <p>Frequency at which the endpoints were chosen as first, second or third most relevant surrogates was calculated and served as final ranking.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Response rate was 30% (24/80) in the first round and 20% (16/80) in the second one. Participants highlighted key points concerning surrogacy. In particular, they reminded that a surrogate endpoint is expected to predict clinical benefit in a well-defined therapeutic situation. Half of them thought it was not relevant to study QoL as surrogate for OS.</p> <p>DFS, in the neoadjuvant settings or early stages, and PFS, in the non operable or metastatic settings, were ranked first, with a frequency of more than 69% in 20 out of 22 settings. PFS was proposed in association with QoL in metastatic primary liver and stomach cancers (both 81%). This composite endpoint was ranked second in metastatic oesophageal (69%), colorectal (56%) and anal (56%) cancers, whereas QoL alone was also suggested in most metastatic situations.</p> <p>Other endpoints frequently suggested were R0 resection in the neoadjuvant settings (oesophagus (69%), stomach (56%), pancreas (75%) and biliary tract (63%)) and response. An unexpected endpoint was metastatic PFS in non operable oesophageal (31%) and pancreatic (44%) cancers. Quality and results of surgical procedures like sphincter preservation were also cited as eligible surrogate endpoints in rectal (19%) and anal (50% in case of localized disease) cancers. Except for alpha-FP kinetic in hepatocellular carcinoma (13%) and CA19-9 decline (6%) in pancreas, few endpoints based on biological or tumour markers were proposed.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The overall results should help prioritise the endpoints to be statistically evaluated as surrogate for OS, so that trialists and clinicians can rely on endpoints that ensure relevant clinical benefit to the patient.</p

Identification of potential surrogate end points in randomized clinical trials of aggressive and indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: correlation of complete response, time-to-event and overall survival end points

Background: The correlation between efficacy end points in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of systemic therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was investigated to identify an appropriate surrogate end point for overall survival (OS)