Angiogenesis in old-aged subjects after ischemic stroke: a cautionary note for investigators

Angiogenesis represents a form of neovascularisation of exceptional importance in numerous pathological conditions including stroke. In this context it is directly related to neuroregeneration which is seen in close proximity. However, numerous experimental data have been drawn from studies that have ignored the age criterion. This is extremely important as angiogenesis is different in young versus old subjects. Extrapolating data obtained from studies performed in young subjects or "in vitro" to old-age patients could lead to inexact conclusions since the dynamics of angiogenesis is age-dependent

The SARS-CoV2 - ACE2 link: A physiopathological analysis

The Covid-19 pandemic represents an unsolved problem which has caused numerous fatalities. At the present time, there is no vaccination available or curative therapy. However, recent reports suggest that SARS-CoV2 acts upon its functional receptor ACE2 inducing a variety of deleterious effects such as inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, microangiopathy, myocarditis, thrombosis and myocardial infarction. The details of the SARS-CoV2 -ACE2 interaction are poorly understood and most of the hypothesis related to this are based on the extrapolation of previous research focusing on ACE2 as a receptor for SARS-CoV. Considering the similarities between SARS-CoV2 and SARS-CoV we have conducted e physiopathological analysis focusing on the key pathogenic role of ACE2 as a functional receptor for SARS-CoV2. In this context, we have identified several potential therapeutic targets which should be further evaluated in patients with Covid-19. It is likely that an efficient therapy for Covid-19 will be revealed by research investigating the binding of viral spike S protein to ACE2, and the immunological response determined by SARS-CoV2-ACE2 interaction, including the anti-viral role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and anti-inflammatory reprogramming of macrophages.Full Tex