Development of Uniform CdTe Pixel Detectors Based on Caltech ASIC

We have developed a large CdTe pixel detector with dimensions of 23.7 x 13.0 mm and a pixel size of 448 x 448 um^2. The detector is based on recent technologies of an uniform CdTe single crystal, a two-dimensional ASIC, and stud bump-bonding to connect pixel electrodes on the CdTe surface to the ASIC. Good spectra are obtained from 1051 pixels out of total 1056 pixels. When we operate the detector at -50 C, the energy resolution is 0.67 keV and 0.99 keV at 14 keV and 60 keV, respectively. Week-long stability of the detector is confirmed at operating temperatures of both -50 C and -20 C. The detector also shows high uniformity: the peak positions for all pixels agree to within 0.82%, and the average of the energy resolution is 1.04 keV at a temperature of -50 C. When we normalized the peak area by the total counts detected by each pixel, a variation of 2.1 % is obtained.Comment: 11pages, 17figures, accepted for publication in Proc. SPIE 200

Kondo-like behaviors in magnetic and thermal properties of single crystal Tm5Si2Ge2

We grew the single crystal of stoichiometric Tm5Si2.0Ge2.0 using a Bridgeman method and performed XRD, EDS, magnetization, ac and dc magnetic susceptibilities, specific heat, electrical resistivity and XPS experiments. It crystallizes in orthorhombic Sm5Ge4-type structure. The mean valence of Tm ions in Tm5Si2.0Ge2.0 is almost trivalent. The 4f states is split by the crystalline electric field. The ground state exhibits the long range antiferromagnetic order with the ferromagnetically coupled magnetic moments in the ac plane below 8.01 K, while the exited states exhibit the reduction of magnetic moment and magnetic entropy and -log T-behaviors observed in Kondo materials.Comment: 8 pages, 13 figure

Sistema Web para estimativas de perdas por seca na cultura da soja.

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Water recycling system using thermopervaporation method

A water recycling system concept for the crew of the space station is presented. A thermopervaporation method is a new key technology used for the distillation process, utilizing a hydrophobic membrane. An experimental study of thermopervaporation revealed that the permeation depends on the gap between the membrane and the cooling surface in the condensation room: the steam diffusion occurs with gaps less than 5 mm while natural convection becomes dominant with gaps more than 5 mm. A brief discussion of the system operation is also described

Soybean gene express: plataforma para análise de expressão diferencial e bibliotecas substrativas de cDNA.

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Portais Web desenvolvidos no laboratório de bioinformática da Embrapa Soja.

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Till death (or an intruder) do us part: intrasexual-competition in a monogamous Primate

Polygynous animals are often highly dimorphic, and show large sex-differences in the degree of intra-sexual competition and aggression, which is associated with biased operational sex ratios (OSR). For socially monogamous, sexually monomorphic species, this relationship is less clear. Among mammals, pair-living has sometimes been assumed to imply equal OSR and low frequency, low intensity intra-sexual competition; even when high rates of intra-sexual competition and selection, in both sexes, have been theoretically predicted and described for various taxa. Owl monkeys are one of a few socially monogamous primates. Using long-term demographic and morphological data from 18 groups, we show that male and female owl monkeys experience intense intra-sexual competition and aggression from solitary floaters. Pair-mates are regularly replaced by intruding floaters (27 female and 23 male replacements in 149 group-years), with negative effects on the reproductive success of both partners. Individuals with only one partner during their life produced 25% more offspring per decade of tenure than those with two or more partners. The termination of the pair-bond is initiated by the floater, and sometimes has fatal consequences for the expelled adult. The existence of floaters and the sporadic, but intense aggression between them and residents suggest that it can be misleading to assume an equal OSR in socially monogamous species based solely on group composition. Instead, we suggest that sexual selection models must assume not equal, but flexible, context-specific, OSR in monogamous species.Wenner-Gren Foundation, L.S.B. Leakey Foundation, the National Geographic Society, National Science Foundation (BCS- 0621020), the University of Pennsylvania Research Foundation and the Zoological Society of San Diego, German Science Foundation (HU 1746-2/1

Comparative Analysis of Non-thermal Emissions and Study of Electron Transport in a Solar Flare

We study the non-thermal emissions in a solar flare occurring on 2003 May 29 by using RHESSI hard X-ray (HXR) and Nobeyama microwave observations. This flare shows several typical behaviors of the HXR and microwave emissions: time delay of microwave peaks relative to HXR peaks, loop-top microwave and footpoint HXR sources, and a harder electron energy distribution inferred from the microwave spectrum than from the HXR spectrum. In addition, we found that the time profile of the spectral index of the higher-energy (\gsim 100 keV) HXRs is similar to that of the microwaves, and is delayed from that of the lower-energy (\lsim 100 keV) HXRs. We interpret these observations in terms of an electron transport model called {\TPP}. We numerically solved the spatially-homogeneous {\FP} equation to determine electron evolution in energy and pitch-angle space. By comparing the behaviors of the HXR and microwave emissions predicted by the model with the observations, we discuss the pitch-angle distribution of the electrons injected into the flare site. We found that the observed spectral variations can qualitatively be explained if the injected electrons have a pitch-angle distribution concentrated perpendicular to the magnetic field lines rather than isotropic distribution.Comment: 32 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journa

A Research of Basic Energy Reduction Approach Using PV Power Smoothing EV Storage System and LED Simple Circuit for Create Green Innovation

In general, Light Emitting Diode (LED) is low power consumption, and Photovoltaic (PV) generation of Renewable Energy is effective as energy creation. However, LED applications have a problem of LED Circuit Radiation Noise and PV generation applications have a problem of the Output Power fluctuation in the weather. This paper will be proposed as an especial approach of the energy reduction to contribute to the realization of the low carbon society in the world. In this research, without using Common Mode Choke (CMC) Noise Cut filter, the Radiation Noise reduction result in World Standard Guideline by the selection of a simple circuit of the most effective LED lighting of various power reduction methods have been confirmed by the examinations. Additionally, in order to investigate the lighting specification, the simple Lighting evaluation equipment has been developed. As an energy fluctuation reduction research, the new control system of the PV fluctuation electric power using EV battery charge-discharge electric power that is able to be easily connected with a Power Conditioning System (PCS) input is proposed. A simulation result using the actual PV generator output data is provided to confirm the effectiveness of Simple Moving Average (SMA) method. Moreover, the outline of a new large area monitoring control GIS system for the implementation of the PV generator power prognostication without the weather estimation is introduced.九工大・マレーシアプトラ大学国際合同シンポジウム: International Symposium on Applied Engineering and Sciences (SAES), September 30- October 1, 2013, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysi