Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Intramolecular Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes

One for the Rh(oad): The first rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular hydroamination of unactivated olefins was developed by using dialkylbiaryl phosphine ligands (see scheme; cod=1,5-cyclooctadiene, Cy=cyclohexyl). A variety of 2-methylpyrrolidines have been synthesized with high enantioselectivities.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant GM46059)Merck & Co.Boehringer Ingelheim PharmaceuticalsNational Institutes of Health (U.S.) (GM 1S10RR13886-01

A qualitative study exploring the relationship between nursing and health promotion language, theory and practice

The definitions and meaning qualified nurses employed in an acute NHS hospital setting in the UK gave to health education and health promotion practice and how these fitted established language and theory were investigated qualitatively. These concepts, and the concomitant frameworks and models of practice, have been the subject of considerable debate in the literature. While unresolved both in general and in nursing, a degree of theoretical convergence was established in the 1990s [Bunton, R., Macdonald, G., 1992. Health promotion: disciplines and diversity. Routledge, London; Maben, J.M., Macleod Clark, J. 1995. Health promotion: a concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing 22, 1158–165] helped by The Ottawa Charter [WHO, 1986. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. http://www.who.int/hpr/archive/docs/ottawa.html]. For many of the participants in this study however, the meanings given to these concepts and the predominant use of health education were inconsistent with much of the language of the wider debate and this has potential implications for nurse education. For, if the findings are considered transferable then there is a need to develop education strategies and curricula that articulate the ideological foundations of policy and practice and to use mainstream terminology to assist nurses both to understand and contribute to the contemporary health promotion debate

Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage by Creating Meaningful Transmission Experiences

This research analyses and reviews new and existing applications of novel technologies in heritage settings. This essay reviews current trends in heritage technologies and highlights their potential in safeguarding and transmitting intangible cultural heritage. True safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage is in creating meaningful transmission experiences. Modes of transmission have become tired, static and fail to pair with modes of learning. The term ‘meaningful transmission experience’ describes situations where heritage communications are optimized using established learning modes to enhance novel technologies. This research by no means covers all applications of safeguarding and the transmission of intangible cultural heritage, but instead concentrates on the intangible aspects of built heritage. The future of intangible cultural heritage lies in communicating heritage effectively. It is my recommendation that coupling novel technologies with established learning styles will enrich user experience. Further, this will enable intangible cultural heritage to remain current with society. </jats:p

Comity among authorities: a new approach to precedent

Determining the authority of precedent is difficult because it largely depends on the authorities in question and the context in which they operate. The vast difference in types of authorities, combined with the diverse contexts in which they operate, tends to suggest there is no general analytical solution to the problem. There is one principle however that may assist authorities to make this determination – the principle of comity. Comity is a useful, yet relatively misunderstood principle that can assist authorities to determine how they ought to act with respect to the legitimate authority of others – including their prior decisions. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a general principle of comity – one that sheds new light on the nature and authority of precedent. By doing so, this thesis argues that comity may provide authorities with the guidance they need to determine the authority of precedent in any given context

Voluntary Third-Party Intervention in International Arbitration for Construction Disputes: A Contextual Approach to Jurisdictional Issues

In arbitration, the ability to take part in proceedings is exclusively determined by evidence of the parties' 'consent' to arbitrate. However, this approach is unable to accommodate modern construction projects which have become increasingly complex and require the participation of multiple parties for their completion. Despite playing active roles in construction projects and having substantial legal and financial interests in the outcome of disputes, third parties may not take part in arbitral proceedings between two contracting parties who have consented to an arbitration agreement. This may result in an inequitable and commercially undesirable situation not only for third parties but often for one of the contracting parties who may require the third party's participation to assert certain claims or defences. This article suggests that where multiple parties are involved in one construction project a contextual approach should be used to determine arbitral jurisdiction. Where a third party voluntarily submits to arbitral jurisdiction upon invitation of one of the contracting parties and where the intervention is to assist the inviting party's claims or defences, a contextual approach would provide a more effective means of resolving the disputed issue of third-party intervention without offending the principle of party autonomy or arbitration's consensual origins.  </jats:p