PENGGUNAAN TEKNIK TRANSFORMASI VIDEO KLIP SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS KARANGAN NARASI

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah : 1) mendeskripsikan rancangan pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis Karangan Narasi pada siswa kelas VII-C dengan penggunaan teknik transformasi video klip lagu; 2) mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis Karangan Narasi pada siswa kelas VII-C dengan penggunaan teknik transformasi video klip lagu; 3) mendeskripsikan hasil pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis Karangan Narasi pada siswa kelas VII-C dengan penggunaan teknik transformasi video klip lagu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII-C SMP Negeri 45 Bandung dengan jumlah 32 orang. Penelitian dilakukan secara sistematis mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, mengamati pelaksanaan pembelajaran serta berbaikan pada proses pembelajaran pada setiap siklusnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklusnya terdiri atas satu kali pertemuan. Pertemuan pertama atau siklus satu memfokuskan langkah-langkah menulis karangan narasi dan penayangan video klip yang bejudul “Ayah” dan “Bunda” agar memberikan inspirasi dalam menulis karangan narasi. Pertemuan kedua atau siklus 2 lebih memfokuskan pada perbaikan penggunaan EYD dan tanda baca, juga perbaikan pada penggambaran latar, dan menayangkan video klip yang telah dipilih masing-masing siswa untuk kembali termotivasi. Hasil Penelitian membuktikan bahwa teknik transformasi video klip dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis karangan narasi. Pada siklus satu rata-rata 74 dan masih ada 7 orang siswa yang belum mencapai KKM. Pada siklus dua rata-rata menjadi 86 semua siswa sudah mencapai ketuntasan. ;---The purpose of this research are: 1) describe the learning design to enhance the narrative essay writing skills in students of class VII-C with the use of video for transformation technique; 2) describe the implementation of lessons learned to improve the ability to write narrative essay in class VII-C with the use of video for transformation technique; 3) describe the learning outcomes to improve the ability to write narrative essay in class VII-C with the use of video for transformation techniques. The method used in this research is classroom action research (PTK). Subjects in this study were students of class VII-C SMP Negeri 45 Bandung with the number 32. Research carried out systematically from planning, implementing, observing the implementation of learning and making up the learning process at each cycle. The research was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consisted of one meeting. The first meeting of the cycle or focus measures narrative essay writing and viewing video clips bejudul "Father" and "Mother" in order to provide inspiration in writing a narrative essay. The second meeting or second cycle focus on improving the use of EYD and punctuation, as well as improvements to the depiction of the background, and showed a video clip that has been chosen by each student to re-motivated. Research proves that video clip transformation techniques can improve students' skills in writing narrative essay. In the cycle of the average 74 and they last 7 students who have not reached the KKM. In the two cycle average being 86 all students have reached mastery

PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, RASIO AKTIVITAS, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI BEI

Tujuan perusahaan adalah untuk mencapai keuntungan maksimal atau untuk memakmurkan pemegang saham dan untuk memaksimalkan nilai perusahaan. Nilai perusahaan sangat penting karena mencerminkan kinerja perushaan. Kinerja perusahaan dapat dilihat dari analisis laporan keuangan perusahaan. Analisis laporan keuangan yang banyak digunakan adalah analisis rasio keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh profitabilitas rasio aktivitas dan leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan melalui laporan keuangan tahunan yang telah disusun oleh perusahaan manufaktur Telekomunikasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Populasi dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2011-2015 dan berdasarkan kriteria yang telah di tentukan maka diperoleh sampel sebanyak 5 perusahaan manufaktur. Metode analisis yang digunaan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dengan alat bantu aplikasi SPSS (Statistical Product and Services Solutions). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Rasio Aktivitas dan Leverage berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan sedangkan profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Kata Kunci: Profitabilitas, Rasio Aktivitas, Leverage, dan Nilai Perusahaa

Design and in vivo characterization of self-inactivating human and non-human lentiviral expression vectors engineered for streptogramin-adjustable transgene expression

Adjustable transgene expression is considered key for next-generation molecular interventions in gene therapy scenarios, therapeutic reprogramming of clinical cell phenotypes for tissue engineering and sophisticated gene-function analyses in the post-genomic era. We have designed a portfolio of latest generation self-inactivating human (HIV-derived) and non-human (EIAV-based) lentiviral expression vectors engineered for streptogramin-adjustable expression of reporter (AmySΔS, EYFP, SAMY, SEAP), differentiation-modulating (human C/EBP-α) and therapeutic (human VEGF) transgenes in a variety of rodent (CHO-K1, C2C12) and human cell lines (HT-1080, K-562), human and mouse primary cells (NHDF, PBMC, CD4+) as well as chicken embryos. Lentiviral design concepts include (i) binary systems harboring constitutive streptogramin-dependent transactivator (PIT) and PIT-responsive transgene expression units on separate lentivectors; (ii) streptogramin-responsive promoters (PPIR8) placed 5′ of desired transgenes; (iii) within modified enhancer-free 3′-long terminal repeats; and (iv) bidirectional autoregulated configurations providing streptogramin-responsive transgene expression in a lentiviral one-vector format. Rigorous quantitative analysis revealed HIV-based direct PPIR-transgene configurations to provide optimal regulation performance for (i) adjustable expression of intracellular and secreted product proteins, (ii) regulated differential differentiation of muscle precursor cell lines into adipocytes or osteoblasts and (iii) conditional vascularization fine-tuning in chicken embryos. Similar performance could be achieved by engineering streptogramin-responsive transgene expression into an autoregulated one-vector format. Powerful transduction systems equipped with adjustable transcription modulation options are expected to greatly advance sophisticated molecular interventions in clinically and/or biotechnologically relevant primary cells and cell line

Dual‐regulated expression of C/EBP‐α and BMP‐2 enables differential differentiation of C2C12 cells into adipocytes and osteoblasts

CCAAT/enhancer‐binding proteins (C/EBPs) as well as bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) play essential roles in mammalian cell differentiation in shaping adipogenic and osteoblastic lineages in particular. Recent evidence suggested that adipocytes and osteoblasts share a common mesenchymal precursor cell phenotype. Yet, the molecular details underlying the decision of adipocyte versus osteoblast differentiation as well as the involvement of C/EBPs and BMPs remains elusive. We have engineered C2C12 cells for dual‐regulated expression of human C/EBP‐α and BMP‐2 to enable independent transcription control of both differentiation factors using clinically licensed antibiotics of the streptogramin (pristinamycin) and tetracycline (tetracycline) classes. Differential as well as coordinated expression of C/EBP‐α and BMP‐2 revealed that (i) C/EBP‐α may differentiate C2C12 myoblasts into adipocytes as well as osteoblasts, (ii) BMP‐2 prevents myotube differentiation, (iii) is incompetent in differentiating C2C12 into osteoblasts and (iv) even decreases C/EBP‐α's osteoblast‐specific differentiation potential but (v) cooperates with C/EBP‐α on adipocyte differentiation, (vi) osteoblast formation occurs at low C/EBP‐α levels while adipocyte‐specific differentiation requires maximum C/EBP‐α expression and that (vii) BMP‐2 may bias the C/EBP‐α‐mediated adipocyte versus osteoblast differentiation switch towards fat cell formation. Dual‐regulated expression technology enabled precise insight into combinatorial effects of two key differentiation factors involved in adipocyte/osteoblast lineage control which could be implemented in rational reprogramming of multipotent cells into desired cell phenotypes tailored for gene therapy and tissue engineerin

Clinical evaluation of neodymium-iron-boron (Ne2Fe14B) rare earth magnets in the treatment of mid line diastemas

Background: To evaluate the closure of midline diastema using the Neodymium-Iron-Boron magnets and to compare the treatment duration of midline diastemas with the use of magnets compared to regular orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with age group 12 to 30 years with the midline diastema ranging from 0.5 to 3mm were selected. These patients were divided into two groups. Diastema closure in one group was accomplished by conventional method, in other group was done with Ne 2 Fe 14 B magnets. These magnets were fitted to the labial surfaces of the maxillary central incisors such a way that the opposite poles of the magnets face each other. At each appointment, study models and radiographs were taken for study subjects and the midline diastema was measured using digital vernier calipers on the study models obtained. Descriptive statistics carried out using Paired t-test . Results: Subjects treated with Ne 2 Fe 14 B magnets showed a significant difference compared to fixed orthodontic appliance subjects with respect to time of closure, rate of space closure and incisal inclination. Significant difference between 2 groups with reduction of 64.6 days in time to diastema closure in subjects treated with Ne 2 Fe 14 B magnets ( P <0.05). Conclusions: Ne 2 Fe 14 B magnets more efficient in complete closure of mid line diastema in less duration of time

Health systems strengthening: a common classification and framework for investment analysis

Significant scale-up of donors' investments in health systems strengthening (HSS), and the increased application of harmonization mechanisms for jointly channelling donor resources in countries, necessitate the development of a common framework for tracking donors' HSS expenditures. Such a framework would make it possible to comparatively analyse donors' contributions to strengthening specific aspects of countries' health systems in multi-donor-supported HSS environments. Four pre-requisite factors are required for developing such a framework: (i) harmonization of conceptual and operational understanding of what constitutes HSS; (ii) development of a common set of criteria to define health expenditures as contributors to HSS; (iii) development of a common HSS classification system; and (iv) harmonization of HSS programmatic and financial data to allow for inter-agency comparative analyses. Building on the analysis of these aspects, the paper proposes a framework for tracking donors' investments in HSS, as a departure point for further discussions aimed at developing a commonly agreed approach. Comparative analysis of financial allocations by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the GAVI Alliance for HSS, as an illustrative example of applying the proposed framework in practice, is also presente

Advanced modular self‐inactivating lentiviral expression vectors for multigene interventions in mammalian cells and in vivo transduction

In recent years, lentiviral expression systems have gained an unmatched reputation among the gene therapy community for their ability to deliver therapeutic transgenes into a wide variety of difficult‐to‐transfect/transduce target tissues (brain, hematopoietic system, liver, lung, retina) without eliciting significant humoral immune responses. We have cloned a construction kit‐like self‐inactivating lentiviral expression vector family which is compatible to state‐of‐the‐art packaging and pseudotyping technologies and contains, besides essential cis‐acting lentiviral sequences, (i) unparalleled polylinkers with up to 29 unique sites for restriction endonucleases, many of which recognize 8 bp motifs, (ii) strong promoters derived from the human cytomegalovirus immediate‐early promoter (PhCMV) or the human elongation factor 1α (PhEF1α), (iii) PhCMV- or PPGK- (phosphoglycerate kinase promoter) driven G418 resistance markers or fluorescent protein‐based expression tracers and (iv) tricistronic expression cassettes for coordinated expression of up to three transgenes. In addition, we have designed a size‐optimized series of highly modular lentiviral expression vectors (pLenti Module) which contain, besides the extensive central polylinker, unique restriction sites flanking any of the 5′U3, R‐U5‐ψ+‐SD, cPPT‐RRE‐SA and 3′LTRΔU3 modules or placed within the 5′U3 (-78 bp) and 3′LTRΔU3 (8666 bp). pLentiModule enables straightforward cassette‐type module swapping between lentiviral expression vector family members and facilitates the design of Tat‐independent (replacement of 5′LTR by heterologous promoter elements), regulated and self‐excisable proviruses (insertion of responsive operators or LoxP in the 3′LTRΔU3 element). We have validated our lentiviral expression vectors by transduction of a variety of insect, chicken, murine and human cell lines as well as adult rat cardiomyocytes, rat hippocampal slices and chicken embryos. The novel multi‐purpose construction kit‐like vector series described here is compatible with itself as well as many other (non‐viral) mammalian expression vectors for straightforward exchange of key components (e.g. promoters, LTRs, resistance genes) and will assist the gene therapy and tissue engineering communities in developing lentiviral expression vectors tailored for optimal treatment of prominent human disease

Host-guest supramolecular chemistry in solid-state nanopores: potassium-driven modulation of ionic transport in nanofluidic diodes

We describe the use of asymmetric nanopores decorated with crown ethers for constructing robust signal-responsive chemical devices. The modification of single conical nanopores with 18-crown-6 units led to a nanodevice whose electronic readout, derived from the transmembrane ion current, can be finely tuned over a wide range of K+ concentrations. The electrostatic characteristics of the nanopore environment arising from host-guest ion-recognition processes taking place on the pore walls are responsible for tuning the transmembrane ionic transport and the rectification properties of the pore. This work illustrates the potential and versatility of host-guest chemistry, in combination with nanofluidic elements, as a key enabler to achieve addressable chemical nanodevices mimicking the ion transport properties and gating functions of specific biological channels.Fil: Perez Mitta, Gonzalo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Albesa, Alberto Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Knoll, Wolfang. Austrian Institute of Technology; AustriaFil: Trautmann, Christina. GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung; AlemaniaFil: Toimil Molares, Maria Eugenia. GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung; AlemaniaFil: Azzaroni, Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

Randomised trial to assess the efficacy of pelvic drainage in preventing pelvic collection after elective rectal resection for cancer

INTRODUCTION: Rectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer occurring in both males and females globally. In India, the incidence of rectal cancer among males is higher than females, which is different from the rest of the world. Increasing incidence among younger males in India has been seen as a trend. Low socioeconomic status has been seen to be associated with the incidence of rectal cancer both globally and in India. Though the management of rectal cancer is multimodal, adequate surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment and is considered the primary treatment modality. Rectal resection remains a morbid operation, one of the most troublesome complications being pelvic collection. Pelvic drainage by means of closed tubular drainage has been practised routinely with the objective of reducing the post operative morbidity. This study aims to observe the role of closed tube pelvic drainage in the post operative outcome following rectal resection. Although the ineffectiveness of such an intervention in reducing postoperative morbidity has been established in patients undergoing small intestinal and colonic resections, there is no conclusive data in patients undergoing rectal resection. In fact the effectiveness of such an intervention for rectal resection has been questioned. OBJECTIVES: 1. To detect the presence of pelvic collection by ultrasonographic imaging of the pelvis on the 5th post operative day and measure its volume if present. 2. To assess the morbidity in terms of deviation in the normal post operative course 3. To record the number of days of hospital stay according to ‘fit for discharge’ criteria. 4. To document the occurrence of urinary tract infection (UTI) during the post operative period (30 days following surgery). METHODS: The study was a randomized controlled trial which included all patients undergoing elective rectal resection under General Surgery Unit 2. The intervention was absence of pelvic drainage and this was compared against the comparator which was closed pelvic drainage. The exclusion criteria were: 1. Patients operated on an emergency basis. 2. Patients with disseminated disease where surgery is a palliative procedure. 3. Patients with compromised immunity (on steroids, immunosupression, post transplant patients). 4. Patients with intraoperative complications for which drainage is inevitable (spillage). The method used for randomisation was a block randomisation with concealment in sealed envolopes. The sample size was calculated by a two proportion methos with a power of 80% and an alpha error of 5%. Statistical analysis was performed by means of chi square test and independent sample T test. RESULTS: Although the study was not carried on till the complete sample size was reached, the results were all consistent and showed trends in the same direction. However, statistically significant conclusions cannot be drawn from the analysis of the results. The duration of the study and the time constraint is one of the major limitation of this study. Apart from this, sensitivity of a pelvic ultrasonogram, observer bias and the inability to perform blinding are the other limitations. The increased incidence of rectal cancer among younger males has stood out in this study which is in contrast with studies from the western population. The use of pelvic drainage has not shown to drastically contribute towards reducing post operative morbidity in terms of decreased pelvic collections or reduced hospital stays. Infact, the absence of a pelvic drain has shown a trend towards reduced incidence of pelvic collection and reduced hospital stay. However, these results are not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The aim of conducting this study was to establish a definitive association between the routine use of closed tube drainage of the pelvis in patients undergoing resection for rectal cancer. The paucity of data in this area and the equivocal results of existing studies further warranted the need for this study. Although the study was not carried on till the complete sample size was reached, the results were all consistent and showed trends in the same direction. However, statistically significant conclusions cannot be drawn from the analysis of the results. The duration of the study and the time constraint is one of the major limitation of this study. Apart from this, sensitivity of a pelvic ultrasonogram, observer bias and the inability to perform blinding are the other limitations. The increased incidence of rectal cancer among younger males has stood out in this study which is in contrast with studies from the western population. The use of pelvic drainage has not shown to drastically contribute towards reducing post operative morbidity in terms of decreased pelvic collections or reduced hospital stays. Infact, the absence of a pelvic drain has shown a trend towards reduced incidence of pelvic collection and reduced hospital stay. However, these results are not statistically significant. The other factor that contributed to the outcome of these patients was neoadjuvant therapy in the form of long course chemoradiation. The lack of unequivocal evidence in the benefit of routine pelvic drainage has shown that it is a questionable intervention

Intervention par le mouvement pour les victimes de violence conjugale : création inspirée de l'expérience de trois femmes de l'Asie du sud

Malgré les progrès que la pensée féministe a apportés au statut des femmes, la violence posée envers elles, violence physique et psychologique, reste un problème présent à travers le monde. Même si plusieurs femmes vivent leurs souffrances en silence, elles communiquent, bien souvent malgré elles, les conséquences de leurs douloureuses expériences à travers un langage non verbal. Je suis intéressée par cet aspect non-verbal de la communication. Mon projet de mémoire de création, en deux étapes, consiste premièrement en l'analyse des mouvements des femmes d'Asie du Sud victimes de violence, puis en la création d'un essai chorégraphique basé sur cette même analyse. Pour faire l'étude du mouvement, j'ai dirigé, à New York, des sessions d'exploration des émotions par le mouvement dans un centre d'hébergement de femmes violentées d'Asie du Sud. Trois femmes ont participé à ces ateliers. Ces ateliers d'expression par le mouvement ont permis à ces dernières de se remettre en contact avec leur identité physique, en explorant le mouvement et l'espace. Pour permettre également de sensibiliser la population à la problématique de la violence faite aux femmes, je conclus mon mémoire par cette présentation de REturn, chorégraphie inspirée de l'expérience de vie de ces femmes en hébergement. Le vocabulaire chorégraphique, chargé de signification, est basé sur la gestuelle de celles-ci. De plus, l'usage de la vidéo amplifie le côté humain et touchant de la création. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Danse création, Femmes violentées, Femmes de l'Asie du Sud