The ironic effect of national identification on support for collective action

Peer reviewe

National Identification and Attitudes Towards Russian Immigrants in Finland: Investigating the Role of Perceived Threats and Gains

In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between national identification of majority Finns (nation-wide probability sample, N = 335) and their attitudes towards Russian immigrants living in Finland. As previous research indicates both possibilities, we tested whether this relationship was moderated or mediated by threats and gains perceived to result from immigration. The results supported the mediation hypothesis; those individuals who identified stronger with their national ingroup perceived more threats than gains related to increased immigration and these perceptions, in turn, were associated with more negative attitudes towards immigrants. The role of realistic as opposed to symbolic threats and gains was particularly pronounced. The implications of the results are discussed in terms of their theoretical relevance and practical means to improve intergroup relations, with a particular focus on the relations between Finns and Russian immigrants in Finland.Peer reviewe

Badanie efektywności ataków socjotechnicznych w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego

Rozdział czternasty w monografii wieloautorskiej pt. „Innowacyjna Gmina. Informatyka w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego”.W rozdziale przedstawiono analizę podatności na ataki socjotechniczne w lokalnej siedzibie samorządu terytorialnego. Autorzy rozpoczynają rozdział od wprowadzenia w zagadnienia związane z socjotechniką i ich wpływ na bezpieczeństwo informacyjne. W kolejnych paragrafach zaprezentowano metodykę badań określenia podatności na ataki socjotechniczne. Badania bazują na testach penetracyjnych i ankiecie, w której poruszono problemy bezpieczeństwa informacji na poziomie zarówno podstawowym jak i bardziej rozbudowanym. Wyniki ankiety dały podstawy do zbudowania przybliżonych profili ankietowanych wraz z poziomem ich podatności na określone zagrożenia socjotechniczne. W celu porównania wyników, przeprowadzono również badania na innej grupie użytkowników. Ze względów bezpieczeństwa ankieta oraz jej bezpośrednie wyniki nie będą ujawniane.Mariusz Nyc

The impact of influenza on elderly patients

Background: Influenza is a disease affecting the human respiratory system. A common problem is to confuse colds with influenza, which results in problems with vaccination and complications related to influenza. Particular attention should be paid to the treatment of influenza, as it is a serious health risk if not treated in the elderly. Research conducted by scientists from Taiwan shows that currently the best way to protect against influenza is preventive vaccination. In addition to vaccination, antiviral drugs (Oseltamivir, Zanamivir, Amantadine, Rimantadine), antipyretics (aspirin, paracetamol) are used. Attention is paid to natural methods (ginseng extract, root lichen extract) and supplements (vitamin C, zinc). Material and Methods: This article is based on a review of the current state of knowledge on influenza in the elderly. The most up-to-date literature with EBSCO, Google Scholar and PubMed has been reviewed. Key words such as influenza, influenza complications, vaccinations, influenza treatment. Results: In the context of the above topics, particular attention is paid to the elderly, in whom a low level of immunity predisposes to getting sick. An increase in the incidence of disease causes an increase in the mortality of older people. Complications following the occurrence of influenza are closely related to the type of virus, where the influenza A virus classified as the heaviest in the course. It has been proven that the bird influenza virus is also a threat to humans. The classic symptoms of influenza are cough, fever, while complications associated with untreated influenza are primarily myocarditis or pneumonia. Conclusion: Due to the decline in immunity, older people are particularly at risk of influenza virus. Scientists have demonstrated the high effectiveness of protective vaccination, but one should remember to repeat them every year. Vaccinations in the elderly have reduced effectiveness, which is why antiviral therapies, natural methods and supplements are used. In the rational treatment of influenza, it is noted that natural methods and supplements are an addition to classic antiviral therapy

Atherosclerosis as a problem in postmenopausal women

Introduction: Atherosclerosis is defined as a disease in which plaque, consisting of fat, cholesterol and other substances found in blood, builds up in arteries. This leads to stiffness and narrowing of the blood vessels resulting in limiting the flow of the blood rich in oxygen to tissues. The negative effect of atherosclerosis among women can be opposed by the female hormones. The aim of the article is to review clinical approach to atherosclerosis in post-menopausal women. Material and methods: Articles in the Google Scholar, Pub Med database have been analysed using keywords: atherosclerosis, plaque, cardiovascular diseases, menopause, postmenopausal women, female hormones, estrogens, older people. Results: Atherosclerosis process in the arterial walls is based on accumulation of lipids accompanied by inflammatory factors. One of the most important risk factors of this disease are quantitative and qualitative changes of the plasma lipoprotein, especially increasement of LDL cholesterol after menopause, which can be evaluated during lab tests. The diagnosis of atherosclerosis and its progress can be performed by using different methods, including physical examination and medical imaging. Development of atherosclerosis leads to peripheral artery disease connected with cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke or heart attack, which be life-threatening and should be immediately treated. Conclusions: This risk of the negative effects of atherosclerosis can be decreased by both lifestyle change and pharmacological treatment. The usage of estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy combined with statins in postmenopausal women presents benefits by the decreasement of LDL cholesterol and the increasement of HDL cholesterol and reduction of calcification of coronary vessels, which reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the time of the start of hormone replacement therapy is crucial – performed too late can result in additional development of atherosclerotic plaque and increasement of the inflammatory processes in the arteries with advanced atherosclerotic changes

Polen

ARTIKELEN: M. Król - De staat van Polen; een democratie zonder staatsburgers B. Gruszczynska en A. Rzeplinski - Corruptie in Polen; een alledaags verschijnsel P.P. Mlicki - De politie in Polen; hervormingen en uitdagingen E.J. Meijer - Grensbewaking in Polen P. Meijknecht - Het Poolse privaatrecht; graadmeter van politieke veranderingen in Polen C. Pool - Hedendaagse migratie van Polen naar Nederland A. Weenink en S. Huisman - Poolse bendes in Nederland; voorlopige bevindingen SAMENVATTING: In dit themanummer over Polen – van de nieuwe lidstaten het land met de grootste bevolking (veertig miljoen mensen) – wordt een beeld geschetst van de veranderingen die zich de afgelopen jaren op politiek en maatschappelijk terrein hebben voorgedaan. Daarbij ligt de nadruk op het rechtssysteem en de justitiële sector. De verwachte gevolgen van de aansluiting bij de Europese Unie voor Polen zelf komen aan de orde alsmede de consequenties voor de huidige EU-lidstaten, in het bijzonder Nederland

Beautiful, Self‐Absorbed, and Shallow: People of Color Perceive W hite Women as an Ethnically Marked Category

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/96379/1/jasp980.pd

A Multiple Identity Approach to Gender: Identification with Women, Identification with Feminists, and Their Interaction

The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01019/full#supplementary-materialAcross four studies, we examine multiple identities in the context of gender and propose that women's attitudes toward gender group membership are governed by two largely orthogonal dimensions of gender identity: identification with women and identification with feminists. We argue that identification with women reflects attitudes toward the content society gives to group membership: what does it mean to be a woman in terms of group characteristics, interests and values? Identification with feminists, on the other hand, is a politicized identity dimension reflecting attitudes toward the social position of the group: what does it mean to be a woman in terms of disadvantage, inequality, and relative status? We examine the utility of this multiple identity approach in four studies. Study 1 showed that identification with women reflects attitudes toward group characteristics, such as femininity and self-stereotyping, while identification with feminists reflects attitudes toward the group's social position, such as perceived sexism. The two dimensions are shown to be largely independent, and as such provide support for the multiple identity approach. In Studies 2–4, we examine the utility of this multiple identity approach in predicting qualitative differences in gender attitudes. Results show that specific combinations of identification with women and feminists predicted attitudes toward collective action and gender stereotypes. Higher identification with feminists led to endorsement of radical collective action (Study 2) and critical attitudes toward gender stereotypes (Studies 3–4), especially at lower levels of identification with women. The different combinations of high vs. low identification with women and feminists can be thought of as reflecting four theoretical identity “types.” A woman can be (1) strongly identified with neither women nor feminists (“low identifier”), (2) strongly identified with women but less so with feminists (“traditional identifier”), (3) strongly identified with both women and feminists (“dual identifier”), or (4) strongly identified with feminists but less so with women (“distinctive feminist”). In sum, by considering identification with women and identification with feminists as multiple identities we aim to show how the multiple identity approach predicts distinct attitudes to gender issues and offer a new perspective on gender identity.This work was supported by Grant no. PSI2016-79971-P from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology (AEI/FEDER, UE) awarded to SdL

The influence conditions of hole during the time of forcing through of sealing slurries in the deep bore holes

praca magistersk