Going means trouble and staying makes it double: the value of licensing recorded music online

This paper discusses whether a copyright compensation system (CCS) for recorded music—endowing private Internet subscribers with the right to download and use works in return for a fee—would be welfare increasing. It reports on the results of a discrete choice experiment conducted with a representative sample of the Dutch population consisting of 4986 participants. Under some conservative assumptions, we find that applied only to recorded music, a mandatory CCS could increase the welfare of rights holders and users in the Netherlands by over €600 million per year (over €35 per capita). This far exceeds current rights holder revenues from the market of recorded music of ca. €144 million per year. A monthly CCS fee of ca. €1.74 as a surcharge on Dutch Internet subscriptions would raise the same amount of revenues to rights holders as the current market for recorded music. With a voluntary CCS, the estimated welfare gains to users and rights holders are even greater for CCS fees below €20 on the user side. A voluntary CCS would also perform better in the long run, as it could retain a greater extent of market coordination. The results of our choice experiment indicate that a well-designed CCS for recorded music would simultaneously make users and rights holders better off. This result holds even if we correct for frequently observed rates of overestimation in contingent valuation studies

La prise en charge médicale des personnes sous tutelle à la lumière de la loi du 5 mars 2007

The care of persons placed under guardianship has changed considerably since the law of March 5, 2007, as greater autonomy is granted to them. By advocating greater autonomy of protected adults, the French Civil Code is in opposition with the French Public Health Code since the latter states that the systematic consent of the guardian is required in addition to that of the protected adult for so-called general care. In cases of serious injury to bodily integrity, the guardianship judge\u27s opinion must be sought by the guardian. For some specific medical procedures (medically assisted procreation, abortion, etc.), the consent of the guardian does not seem necessary. A protected adult can now, if he/she is able to understand the information, with the agreement of the guardianship judge or the family council, appoint a trusted person and draft advance directives without possible representation by the guardian. The legislator promotes greater autonomy while not neglecting their protection. It also helps relieve the guardian, who is generally trained in asset management, of sometimes difficult medical decisions. Harmony between the Civil Code and the Public Health Code seems essential so as to move towards greater autonomy of the person under guardianship in the care relationship

Japon /

Comprend un index.Comprend des références bibliographiques

La Malaisie / Jean Modot ; [ill. par Marie-Alix Gentilhomme]

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Chronic myelogenous leukemia occurring in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient

International audienceOccurrence of two different hematological malignancies is very infrequent, and it is nevertheless important not to neglect basic examinations in patients follow-up. A 65-year-old patient was referred to our institution for his chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) checkup; we report the different steps leading to the diagnosis of a second hematological malignancy