Antifungal activity of total saponins of Convolvulus arvensis L from Tlemcen, Western North of Algeria

Convolvulus arvensis L. is used in traditional medicine in Algeria. It has powerful benefits for diseases of the digestive system and the skin. It also, know to have a potent role in plants protection. This research aims to study the antifungal potential of crude saponins of C. arvensis L. leaves from the Tlemcen region.  The results showed that C. arvensis L is rich in various secondary metabolites (e.g., sterols, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, and steroids). Otherwise, findings reveal that the in vitro antifungal abilities of total saponins were more potent at 0.04 mg/mL for all molds tested. A. flavus was more sensitive to the effect of saponins (45.30%); in contrario, P. expansum was more resistant (26.57%). Furthermore, the antifungal effect of saponins depended on the fungal strains, the dose of saponins, and the incubation time. Based on these findings,  C. arvensis L crude saponins had exhibited a significant antifungal impact which further potential biological activities should be explored

Determination of the fixed oil quality of ripe <i>pistacia lentiscus</i> fruits and <i>Opuntia-ficus indica</i> seeds

AbstractPistacia lentiscus and Opuntia-ficus indica are used in several fields, this study made it possible to highlight the determination of the oil quality from the fruits of Pistacia lentiscus and that of the seeds oil of Opuntia-ficus indica, and this, by determining its physicochemical parameters such as acid value, saponification and insaponification value, iodine index, peroxyd value, as well as refraction index, humidity and their biochemical compositions, in particular the fatty acids (by CPG) from the samples of oils collected from the region of Khemis Miliana (Ain defla) and extracted by a mechanical method. The results show a quantitative difference between the oily samples in percentage of fatty acids. The contents of Oleic Acid, Linoleic Acid and Palmitic Acid are highest in the case of lentisk oil and are respectively 58.35%, 19.65%, 19.63%. However, the content of Linoleic Acid, Oleic Acid, Palmitic Acid and Stearic Acid are highest in the case of prickly pear and are respectively 63.74%, 21.30%, 10.17%, 3.58%.</jats:p

Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Algerian Warionia saharae Benth. & Hook.

International audienceThe essential oil of aerial parts of Warionia saharae was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID), GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In total, forty-three constituents, mainly oxygenated mono- and sesquiterpenes, were identified representing 89.2% of the total oil. Sixteen samples of essential oil of W. saharae collected in three locations exhibited similar chemical compositions showing a chemical homogeneity. The essential oil showed poor antifungal activity against filamentous fungi, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus flavus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 4 and 8 μL/mL

Antimicrobial Activity of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Fruit Oil from Algerian Sahara

International audienceThree fruit oil samples of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cosson & Durieu from Algerian Sahara were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC(RI), GC-MS and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The main compounds were perillaldehyde (87.0-87.9%) and limonene (7.4-8.2%). The antimicrobial effect of the essential oil was evaluated against bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi. High antibacterial activity was observed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloaceae, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhimurium, with MIC values between 0.5-1.0 μL/mL. Fungal strains were also sensitive to the essential oil (MIC values: 0.25-0.75 μL/mL).The most potent activity was observed against the filamentous fungi, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus flavus (0.25-0.50 μL/mL)

Antimicrobial Activity of <i>Ammodaucus leucotrichus</i> Fruit Oil from Algerian Sahara

Three fruit oil samples of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cosson &amp; Durieu from Algerian Sahara were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC(RI), GC-MS and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The main compounds were perillaldehyde (87.0-87.9%) and limonene (7.4-8.2%). The antimicrobial effect of the essential oil was evaluated against bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi. High antibacterial activity was observed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloaceae, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhimurium, with MIC values between 0.5-1.0 μL/mL. Fungal strains were also sensitive to the essential oil (MIC values: 0.25-0.75 μL/mL). The most potent activity was observed against the filamentous fungi, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus flavus (0.25-0.50 μL/mL). </jats:p

Grey-matter sodium concentration as an individual marker of multiple sclerosis severity

International audienceObjective: Quantification of brain injury in patients with variable disability despite similar disease duration may be relevant to identify the mechanisms underlying disability in MS. We aimed to compare grey-matter sodium abnormalities (GMSA), a parameter reflecting neuronal and astrocyte dysfunction, in MS patients with benign MS (BMS) and non-benign MS (NBMS). Methods: We identified never-treated BMS patients in our local MS database of 1352 patients. A group with NBMS was identified with same disease duration. All participants underwent 23 Na MRI. The existence of GMSA was detected by statistical analysis. Results: In total, 102 individuals were included (21 BMS, 25 NBMS and 56 controls). GMSA was detected in 10 BMS and 19 NBMS (11/16 RRMS and 8/9 SPMS) patients (p=0.05). On logistic regression including the presence or absence of GMSA, thalamic volume, cortical grey matter volume and T2-weighted lesion load, thalamic volume was independently associated with BMS status (OR=0.64 for each unit). Nonetheless, the absence of GMSA was independently associated when excluding patients with significant cognitive alteration (n=7) from the BMS group (OR=4.6). Conclusion: Detection of GMSA in individuals and thalamic volume are promising to differentiate BMS from NBMS as compared with cortical or whole grey-matter atrophy and T2-weighted lesions

Grey-matter sodium concentration as an individual marker of multiple sclerosis severity

Objective: Quantification of brain injury in patients with variable disability despite similar disease duration may be relevant to identify the mechanisms underlying disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to compare grey-matter sodium abnormalities (GMSAs), a parameter reflecting neuronal and astrocyte dysfunction, in MS patients with benign multiple sclerosis (BMS) and non-benign multiple sclerosis (NBMS). Methods: We identified never-treated BMS patients in our local MS database of 1352 patients. A group with NBMS was identified with same disease duration. All participants underwent 23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The existence of GMSA was detected by statistical analysis. Results: In total, 102 individuals were included (21 BMS, 25 NBMS and 56 controls). GMSA was detected in 10 BMS and 19 NBMS (11/16 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and 8/9 secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) patients) ( p = 0.05). On logistic regression including the presence or absence of GMSA, thalamic volume, cortical grey-matter volume and T2-weighted lesion load, thalamic volume was independently associated with BMS status (odds ratio (OR) = 0.64 for each unit). Nonetheless, the absence of GMSA was independently associated when excluding patients with significant cognitive alteration ( n = 7) from the BMS group (OR = 4.6). Conclusion: Detection of GMSA in individuals and thalamic volume are promising to differentiate BMS from NBMS as compared with cortical or whole grey-matter atrophy and T2-weighted lesions. </jats:sec