ATP DOMINO. Compte rendu de l'atelier GRAOUL-1 : Maison communautaire de Keur Momar Sarr, 7-8 juin 2007

L'atelier GRAOUL-1 visait à analyser le changement d'utilisation des terres dans la région Lac de Guiers-Tatki, dans le but de paramétrer, de manière participative, le modèle GRAOUL et préparer son appropriation par les membres du comité utilisateur. L'atelier s'est déroulé en trois sessions: une session de cartographie, une session d'identification des changements et ruptures, et une session d'analyse détaillée des usages de la terre. Si le temps a manqué pour faire tout ce que nous avions prévu, nous avons pu cependant réaliser l'essentiel. Les membres du comité utilisateur ont montré qu'ils maîtrisaient bien les cartes plus complexes et les notions de base de la cartographie. Les principaux facteurs de changements ont été identifiés et partiellement priorisés. Trois usages de la terre (Patate douce irriguée, Pâturages, Mil) ont été détaillés pour leur intégration dans GRAOUL. Il faudra songer à compléter l'exercice par des entretiens individuels pour pouvoir finaliser le modèle et réaliser l'atelier de prospective (GRAOUL-2). (Résumé d'auteur

ATP DOMINO. Compte rendu de l'atelier de lancement de la phase d'accompagnement de l'ATP DOMINO (Maison communautaire de Keur Momar SARR, jeudi le 6 avril 2006)

L'objectif principal de l'atelier était de démarrer officiellement la phase d'accompagnement de l'ATP DOMINO, en établissant un partenariat recherche-développement pour la co-construction d'outils d'aide à la décision en matière de foncier et d'usage des terres. L'entrée choisie était de positionner la recherche en terme de renforcement des capacités des institutions locales à mieux comprendre et définir les enjeux et problématiques fonciers. Un travail en deux groupes a permis de recenser les modes de régulation qui nous permettront de mieux cibler la conception d'outils de médiation opérationnel et partagé. Des présentations de la SAED, de la DAT, de la DGPRE, et de l'équipe DOMINO ont permis aux participants de mieux connaître la gamme des outils disponibles et leur domaine d'utilisation. Finalement nous avons pu mettre en place un comité restreint d'utilisateurs qui nous accompagnera dans le processus de co-construction des outils. Les travaux de groupe ont permis de déterminer 4 grands classes de problèmes, soit: 1. Les difficultés d'accès a la terre et a l'eau. 2. Le non-respect de la réglementation. 3. Les relations intersectorielles tendues au niveau local. 4. La mauvaise gestion de l'environnement. (Résumé d'auteur

Analyse De La Politique Agricole Au Cameroun Et Securite Alimentaire : Le Role De Lagro- Ecologie

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of agricultural policy in Cameroon in search of food security Since its independence Cameroon has experienced four major turning points in its agricultural policy It appears that today its so-called second generation policy adopts some agro-ecological requirements without however respecting its basic principles including restrictions on chemical inputs and improved seeds To feed the future generation the agroecological transition seems inevitable and its success will gradually require substantial investments the promotion of organic fertilizers and adapted local crops priority for small family farms a system of positive discrimination between conventional and agro-ecological agricultural products and increased support from public authoritie

Microfinance Access and Women Empowerment in the far North Region of Cameroon

The objective of our paper is to analyze the effects of Microfinance access to women empowerment The work aims to measure the contribution of Microfinance on women entrepreneurship in the Diamare Division of the Far North Region in Cameroon To achieve these results we used data collected from the population established data from Ecam 4 Using the stata 14 to captured the induced effects of this instrument we used the binary logistic regression model to determine female access to Microfinance on the results we recommend that the state through different political can put in place different instruments to encourage financial services by providing a regulatory system assistance with paying salaries and utility bills Microfinance is a way forward for women empowerment in Cameroon and particular the Far North region considered as an economically depressed region by the Cameroonian state But to achieve this the government should create an enabling environment in which banks are free to pursue the innovations necessary to reach low-income consumers while realizing profit

Les Effets Des Transferts De Fonds Des Migrants Internationaux Sur Le Capital Humain Au Cameroun

Les transferts de fonds des migrants internationaux de plus en plus intenses fournissent aux pays en d veloppement de sources de revenus extr mement importants Ces flux massifs et croissants sont dus principalement la migration internationale qui ne cesse de s accroitre et aux progr s technologiques qui facilitent l envoi des fonds du migrant vers son pays d origine Afin de mieux tirer parti de ces fonds il est important de comprendre leurs effets sur le d veloppement des pays b n ficiaires travers leurs apports aux diff rents m nages Notre travail aborde alors la question des effets de ces fonds sur le capital humain au Cameroun Nous appliquons la m thode IV-2SLS sur les donn es de la quatri me Enqu te Camerounaise Aupr s des M nages travers le mod le des choix du consommateur de Becker 1965 adapt l conomie de la famille De cette analyse il r sulte de mani re g n rale un effet positif des transferts de fonds des migrants internationaux sur le capital humain au Cameroun La r ception des fonds augmenterait le niveau de capital humain beaucoup plus chez les hommes par rapport aux femmes et uniquement dans les m nages pauvres et moyen

L’AFRIQUE SUBSAHARIENNE PEUT-ELLE AMELIORER SA PERFORMANCE FISCALE SANS COMPTER SUR LA RENTE PETROLIERE ?

This article aims to assess the impact of oil rent on fiscal performance in Sub-saharan Africa during the period 1995 to 2016. To achieve this objective, we have recourse to the fixed-effect model of Bird et al. (2008), in order to assess the effects of the oil rent on the tax effort on the one hand and on the other hand on the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator and of the Var model of Toda and Yamamoto (1995) based on the model of Haldenwang and Ivanyna (2018), in order to examine the effects of rent on the vulnerability of tax revenues. The results show that: (i) Oil rent improves the tax effort by 0,2101996 units per 1% threshold. (ii) In addition, the oil rent does not cause the vulnerability of tax revenues to 0,9311 unit and tax revenues are insensitive to  the long-term oil rent at 0,7843424 units at the 1% threshold. The estimation of our results was carried out first using the 2SLS model (for fiscal effort) and the Mean Group estimator (for vulnearbility) shows that these results are robust

Transition Demographique Et Croissance Economique: Quels Enseignements Des Pays dAfrique Subsaharienne?

L objectif de ce papier est d valuer l effet de la transition d mographique sur la croissance conomique dans les pays d Afrique subsaharienne Pour y parvenir nous utilisons un mod le de croissance conomique n oclassique dans lequel nous valuons l effet empirique de la transition de la natalit et celui de la mortalit sur la croissance du PIB r el par habitant de 22 pays sur la p riode 1990-2017 Apr s avoir utilis la m thode des moments g n ralis s GMM en syst me nous aboutissons la conclusion que la transition d mographique des pays d Afrique subsaharienne a une influence ambigu sur leur croissance conomique car tandis que la transition de la natalit exerce une influence positive sur la croissance conomique celle de la mortalit n a pas d effet

LA BANQUE ISLAMIQUE PERMET-ELLE DE MIEUX REDUIRE LES ASYMETRIES D’INFORMATION DANS LA RELATION FINANCIERE COMPARATIVEMENT A LA BANQUE CONVENTIONNELLE ? UNE ETUDE DU CAS CAMEROUNAIS

The aim of this paper is to assess whether the Islamic bank could have any advantage comparatively to classical banks in the reduction of information asymmetries between the bank and its customers. To this end, a case study is conducted on SAVANA S.A. Using SPHINX QUALI software to perform qualitative analysis of information collected from bank managers, we find that the main difference between ordinary and Islamic banks in Cameroun resides in the type of financial products they offer and on their principles of functioning. Because of these differences, Islamic banks seem to perform better in information processing and consequently in the reduction of information asymmetries. More precisely, the coexistence of traditional controls and control from the sharia board, on one hand, and the implementation of the principle of risk, lost and benefit sharing on the other hand, imply important investments in information processing from the Islamic bank, and thus reduced information asymmetries

RESSOURCES NATURELLES ET DEPENSES PUBLIQUES EN AFRIQUE SUB-SAHARIENNE: LE ROLE DE LA QUALITE DES INSTITUTIONS

The study is interested in examining the effects of natural resources on public spending in the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, in the presence of the quality of institutions. In order to reach our objective, we used the threshold effect model of Seo and Shin (2016) and implemented by Seo et al. (2019) on stata. Thus, the estimates are made on the data of the dynamic panel on 24 countries rich in natural resources during the period 1996 to 2016. At the end of various estimates carried out, the results obtained  showed that when the quality of the institutions acts positively on the publics spending, the effects of natural resources on public spending under the first regime are negative. However, in the presence of the quality of negative institutions on public spending are attenuated in the second regime at threshold of 0,2973347. Our results are solid through the various robustness tests obtained in this regard

Incidence and predictors of death among adult patients treated for tuberculosis in two regions of Cameroon: 2010 to 2015

Objectives: Mortality during tuberculosis (TB) remains high in Africa. The purpose of our study was to determine the incidence and predictors of death during TB treatment in Cameroon.Materials and Methods: Data of subjects aged ≥15 years were retrospectively extracted from registers in all TB diagnostic and treatment centers in the Western and Northern regions of Cameroon from 2010 to 2015. Cox regression models were used to determine predictors of death during TB treatment.Results: Of the 19,681 patients included, 12,541 (63.7%) were male and their median age (25th-75th percentile) was 34 (26–45) years. The cumulative incidence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of death during TB treatment was 8.0% (7.5–8.5%). The predictors (hazard ratios [95% CI]) of death were: Age >34 years (1.479 [1.295–1.688], P < 0.001), female sex (1.471 [1.286–1.683], P < 0.001), extra-pulmonary TB (1.723 [1.466–2.026], P < 0.001), human immunodeficiency virus infection (3.739 [3.269–4.276], P < 001]), TB treatment in the Western region (2.241 [1.815–2.768], P < 0.001), treatment before 2012 (1.215 [1.073–1.376], P = 0.002)and low body weight (1st quartile and 2nd quartile) (2.568 [2.133–3.092], [P < 0.001]) and (1.569 [1.298–1.896], P < 0.001) respectively.Conclusion: The incidence of death during TB was relatively high in the Western and Northern regions of Cameroon. Recognition of these persons at greatest risk may improve care and reduce death durinng TB treatment