Assessment of genetic diversity in Indian Barnyard millet (Echinochloa spp. complex) using morphological and molecular markers

In the present study, morphological and molecular markers (RAPD primers) were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 21 accessions of Echinochloa spp. complex comprising the wild and cultivated species collected from Melghat and adjoining regions of Vidarbha, Maharashtra. The availability of diverse genetic resources is a prerequisite for genetic improvement of any crop including barnyard millet. A high degree of molecular diversity among the landraces was detected. Among the 21 genotypes, two major groups (A and B) were formed, at 67.28 % similarity, which clearly encompasses 15 accessions of E. frumentacea and 6 accessions of E. colona. Higher similarity was observed in accessions of E. frumentacea. The accessions IC 597322 and IC 597323 also IC 597302 and IC 597304 showed more than 94% similarity among themselves. The classification of genetic diversity has enabled clear-cut grouping of barnyard millet accessions into two morphological races (E. frumentacea and E. colona)

New Saga of Gender Friendliness (Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns)

Throwing light on the condition of Muslim women particularly in the third world countries some of the women concerning issues are taken up again and again on national and international platform. The tradition bound and fundamental societies in such countries make the life of women challenging and difficult to bear. Adhering to the context of gender disparity and exploitation, Hosseini’s ‘A Thousand Splendid Suns’ presents out saga of feminine woe successfully. The book focuses on the real ground of Afghanistan with the hope of gradual molding of gender friendliness that may ensure some possibilities of true progress. The present paper aims to present an attempt by the young generation writers like Hosseini who try to change the current scenario of the third world countries’ women’s prevalent condition, endorsing to progress and gender friendly atmosphere

BayesNetBP: An R Package for Probabilistic Reasoning in Bayesian Networks

The BayesNetBP package has been developed for probabilistic reasoning and visualization in Bayesian networks with nodes that are purely discrete, continuous or mixed (discrete and continuous). Probabilistic reasoning enables a user to absorb information into a Bayesian network and make queries about how the probabilities within the network change in light of new information. The package was developed in the R programming language and is freely available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network. A shiny app with Cytoscape widgets provides an interactive interface for evidence absorption, queries, and visualizations

Biochemical Evaluation of Cotton Genotypes using Soluble Protein, Esterase (EST), Peroxidase (POX) And Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) and their Role in Plant Disease Resistance

Isozyme analysis is a powerful biochemical technique that has numerous applications in plant biology. It has long been used by geneticists to study the population genetics.  The isozyme esterase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were standardized for upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines collected from all over the country.  The knowledge of nature and magnitude of genetic diversity present in the germplasm is most important pre-requisite for the success of any breeding program. The thirty-four cotton germplasm lines were screened for prime three isozymes based on quantification assay and qualitative PAGE profiling. Among the material, the genotype AKH – 24 (190.60 mg ml-1), AKH – 053 (189.42 mg ml-1) and VIKAS (184.53 mg ml-1) recorded high protein content, whereas the enzymatic activities of esterase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase exhibited remarkable differences along with the protein content. The genotype LRA–5166 exhibited high esterase (462.68 mM mg protein-1 min-1) and peroxidase activity (250.97mM mg protein-1 min-1), while AKH – 24 recorded the maximum polyphenol oxidase activity (131.45 mM mg protein-1min-1).  The banding pattern of biochemical markers revealed that the maximum number of bands were recorded in esterase analysis (fifteen) followed by protein (twelve) whereas, only five bands each were detected in peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase analysis indicating limited polymorphism.  The Relative Mobility (Rm) values were ranged from 0.083 to 0.883 (protein), 0.100 to 0.971 (esterase), 0.033 to 0.283 (peroxidase) and 0.048 to 0.206 (polyphenol oxidase).  The present study demonstrated that cotton genotypes could be differentiated by their quantity and quality through electrophoretic banding profiles. These results could be of practical value for cultivar identification, purity testing along with associated prediction of pest and disease resistance.  However, the major constraint is that these biochemical markers do not able to reproduce the similar kind of variation pattern, but can provide strong distinguishing polymorphism each time

Towards efficient AutoML:a pipeline synthesis approach leveraging pre-trained transformers for multimodal data

This paper introduces an Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) framework specifically designed to efficiently synthesize end-to-end multimodal machine learning pipelines. Traditional reliance on the computationally demanding Neural Architecture Search is minimized through the strategic integration of pre-trained transformer models. This innovative approach enables the effective unification of diverse data modalities into high-dimensional embeddings, streamlining the pipeline development process. We leverage an advanced Bayesian Optimization strategy, informed by meta-learning, to facilitate the warm-starting of the pipeline synthesis, thereby enhancing computational efficiency. Our methodology demonstrates its potential to create advanced and custom multimodal pipelines within limited computational resources. Extensive testing across 23 varied multimodal datasets indicates the promise and utility of our framework in diverse scenarios. The results contribute to the ongoing efforts in the AutoML field, suggesting new possibilities for efficiently handling complex multimodal data. This research represents a step towards developing more efficient and versatile tools in multimodal machine learning pipeline development, acknowledging the collaborative and ever-evolving nature of this field.</p

Effect of Solid State Diffusion on Microsegregation in Steels

Title: Effect of Solid State Diffusion on Microsegregation in Steels, Author: Dipak B. Moharil, Location: ThodeControlled solidification of Fe-2wt% Ni binary and Fe-2 wt% Ni-Xwt%C ternary alloys was carried out in a travelling furnace. Metallographic studies were used to observe the effect of carbon on the morphology of growth. Electron probe microanalysis was carried out to obtain quantitative results on the microsegregation of Ni in the binary and ternary alloys. The extent of homogenization of Ni, occurring both during and after solidification was quantitatively estimated.ThesisMaster of Engineering (ME

BASELINE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LEUCINODES ORBONALIS TO CRY1AC TOXIN USING A DIET-BASED BIOASSAY

Baseline susceptibility of Brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis to Cry1Ac was elucidate by using diet incorporated bioassay. The results show that, LC50 values during kharif ranged from 0.0326 to 0.0369 mg/mL of diet. The LC50 values from Akola, Amaravati, Washim and Buldhana populations were 0.0369, 0.0363, 0.0349 and 0.0326 mg/ml of diet respectively. The highest LC50 values were observed in Akola population followed by Amaravati and Washim, the lowest LC50 value was observed in Buldhana population. LC90 values of the populations ranges within the baseline limits at 0.0440 to 0.0480 mg/mL of diet. Similarly, LC50 values during Rabi ranged from 0.0322 to 0.0369 mg/mL of diet. The LC50 values from Akola, Amaravati, Washim and Buldhana populations were 0.0349, 0.0369, 0.0339 and 0.0322 mg/mL of diet respectively. The highest LC50 values were observed in Amaravati population followed by Akola and Washim, the lowest LC50 value was observed in Buldhana population and LC90 values of the populations ranges within the baseline limits at 0.0458 to 0.0483 mg/mL of diet

A Scale-Invariant Diagnostic Approach Towards Understanding Dynamics of Deep Neural Networks

This paper introduces a scale-invariant methodology employing \textit{Fractal Geometry} to analyze and explain the nonlinear dynamics of complex connectionist systems. By leveraging architectural self-similarity in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), we quantify fractal dimensions and \textit{roughness} to deeply understand their dynamics and enhance the quality of \textit{intrinsic} explanations. Our approach integrates principles from Chaos Theory to improve visualizations of fractal evolution and utilizes a Graph-Based Neural Network for reconstructing network topology. This strategy aims at advancing the \textit{intrinsic} explainability of connectionist Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems