The concept of non-discrimination: an introductory comment

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt, wie ein erster Entwurf eines Nicht-Diskriminierungskonzeptes aussehen könnte. Zunächst überprüft der Autor die negativen Elemente der Nicht-Diskriminierung, die im Wesentlichen Staaten erfordern, die in ihren Gesetzen nicht diskriminieren. Danach wird auf das Recht der freien Meinungsäußerung eingegangen. Dabei steht die Frage im Mittelpunkt, ob alle das gleiche Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung genießen und worin das Grundprinzip einer unterschiedlichen Behandlung besteht. Im Anschluss daran beschreibt der Autor die positiven Aspekte der Nicht-Diskriminierung. Abschließend werden drei Fragen der rechtlicher Ungleichbehandlung diskutiert: (1) Wo ist sie verboten? (2) Wo ist sie erlaubt? (3) Von wem wird sie bestimmt? (ICD

Health-Related Lifestyle Behavior and Religiosity among First-Generation Immigrants of Polish Origin in Germany

Background: Health-related lifestyle behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and obesity are major cardiovascular risk factors. Previous studies have mostly demonstrated a favorable association between religiosity and these cardiovascular risk factors; however, no studies have investigated this relationship in Polish immigrants. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between health-related lifestyle behaviors and religiosity in Polish immigrants in Germany. Methods: The smoking patterns, frequency of alcohol consumption, physical activity, and presence of overweight/obesity were assessed in 257 first-generation immigrants of Polish origin living in Germany. Religiosity was measured with the Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS, Huber, 2003) consisting of 15 items that categorized the respondents into intrinsically, extrinsically, and not/marginally religious. Results: After adjusting for various sociodemographic, migration, and health-related characteristics, intrinsic religiosity was significantly associated with a low-er risk of being a smoker (odds ratios (OR) = 0.34, confidence intervals (CI) = 0.15–0.76) and was also associated with a lower risk of alcohol consumption (OR = 0.33, CI = 0.15-0.71), but a higher risk of being overweight/obese (OR = 2.53, CI = 1.15-5.56) in comparison with extrinsic/marginal religiosity. No significant relationship was found between religiosity and physical activity. Conclusions: In Polish immigrants, intrinsic religiosity acts as a protective factor against some cardiovascular risk factors (smoking and alcohol consumption)

Complete rupture of the hamstring origin from a water skiing injury

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66908/2/10.1177_036354659001800419.pd

Der Einfluss ethnischer Charakterisierung von Tätern in Presseberichten auf jugendliche RezipientInnen

Die wiederkehrende Aktualität der Ablehnung von Fremden wurde in den Medien immer wieder, jüngst am Fall „Zogaj“, anschaulich demonstriert. Es liegen nur wenige Studien vor, die sich mit der Wirkung von Printmedien auf die Aktualisierung von Vorurteilen und Stereotypen befassen. Eine davon ist „Ein Ausländer war der Täter“ von Harald G. Wallbott aus dem Jahre 1994. In vorliegender Arbeit wurde die zentrale Hypothese Wallbotts, nämlich die Annahme, dass die ethnische Charakterisierung von Tätern als Fremdgruppen-Mitglieder zu größeren Schuld- und Strafzuschreibungen führt, einer neuerlichen Prüfung unterzogen. Wallbotts Forschungsdesign wurde unter Miteinbeziehung einer erweiterten theoretischen Grundlage wieder aufgegriffen und an Jugendlichen verschiedenen Bildungsniveaus und sozioökomischen Status‘ getestet. Die Ergebnisse können die Hypothesen nicht bestätigen. Die Autorin führt dies auf das Forschungsdesign sowie die Sensibilisierung der RezipientInnen hinsichtlich des Themas zurück

Ultrastructure of a Presumptive Golgi-Mazzoni Receptor in the Periodontal Ligament in Mice

A variety of encapsulated and free periodontal nerve endings have been described in extracted human teeth (Griffin and Harris, Australian DJ, 19:255-59, 1974; Harris and Griffin, Australian DJ, 19:174-81, 326-37, 1974), and in mouse molars with intact surrounding periodontium (Corpron et al., J Dent Res, 53-75, 1974; Avery et al., J Dent Res, 54:92, 1975; Corpron et at. J Dent Res, 57:B224, 1977).Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68300/2/10.1177_00220345800590020501.pd

Ultraselective low temperature steam reforming of methanol over PdZn/ZnO catalysts Influence of induced support defects on catalytic performance

The influence of the calcination atmosphere of ZnO precursor (Zn-4(CO)(3)(OH)(6)center dot H2O) on the catalytic performance of a series of PdZn/ZnO catalysts was studied for production of H-2 via low temperature (180 C) direct methanol steam reforming (low temperature-MSR). The catalytic activity and selectivity of PdZn/ZnO were found to be strongly influenced by the calcination atmosphere of ZnO precursor and increased from oxidizing to reducing atmosphere, following the order (O-2 < air < N-2 <H-2). As a result, a very active catalyst was obtained by simply supporting Pd on ZnO calcined in H-2. Further evidence from XPS and TPR analysis indicated that calcination in reducing atmosphere gave rise to a significant increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies on the surface of ZnO support. Thus, the superb performance of the best catalyst was attributed to the defect chemistry of ZnO support; mainly to the amount of oxygen vacancies present in the interface region, which act as additional active sites for water adsorption and subsequent activation. In addition, the formation of CO was drastically suppressed by replenishment of oxygen vacancies on ZnO support. Thus, it is clear that the abundance of specific active sites on PdZn/ZnO catalyst is strongly influenced by the preparation route of the ZnO support. Additionally, the PdZn alloy was discovered to be unstable under prolonged exposure to CO atmosphere and the stability test under methanol steam reforming conditions showed a 24% drop in conversion over 48 h testing period. This phenomena can have detrimental effect on the performance of this type of catalytic systems in continuous prolonged duty cycle time on-stream