SIMULTANEOUS ASSAYS OF METFORMIN HCL AND GLIBENCLAMIDE MIXTURE USING TWO ANALYTICAL METHODS OF SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

Objective: Area Under Curve method (AUC) and the Multiple Wavelength Spectrophotometric (MWS) method are practice and simple methods for simultaneous assays of Metformin HCl and Glibenclamide on the tablet dosage form. Methods: The AUC method is measured for the absorption spectrum with a concentration 4 mg/l Metformin HCl by calculating the area spectrum at wavelength 230-240 nm and the absorption spectrum with a concentration 8.7 mg/l Glibenclamide by calculating the area at wavelength 225-235 nm. The MWS by determining the absorption spectrum and the five wavelength points for the absorption value at 225 nm, 229.4 nm, 236.6 nm, 233 nm, and 243 nm and calculated using matrix operations. Results: The validation test of the AUC method for Metformin HCl obtained accuracy = 99.35%, linearity = 0.9881, precision = 0.39%, LOD = 0.4459 mg/l. LOQ = 1.4864 mg/l and for Glibenclamide obtained accuracy = 100.79%, linearity = 0.9993, precision = 0.65%, LOD=0.4372 mg/l, LOQ = 1.4072 mg/l and the MWS method for Metformin HCl obtained accuracy = 100.76%, linearity 0.9949,  precision = 0.65%, LOD = 0.9103 mg/l, LOQ = 3.0431 mg/l, and for Glibenclamide with accuracy = 100.07%, linearity = 0.9993. precision = 0.36%, LOD = 0.9205 mg/l. LOQ = 3.0431 mg/l , and appropriate the requirements of ICH guidelines. Conclusion: These Methods successively applied to determine of Metformin HCl and Glibenclamide mixture in tablet dosage form and fulfill the validation requirements

DETERMINATION OF SIMULTANEOUS SULFAMETHOXAZOLE AND TRIMETHOPRIM BY ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETRY WITH MEAN CENTERING OF RATIO SPECTRA

 Objective: Mean centering of ratio spectra (MCR) is analysis method for determination levels of mixture that has maximum wavelength is overlapping, and without preliminary separation. The purpose of this study is a determination of sulfamethoxazole (SLF) and trimethoprim (TRM) mixture by ultraviolet spectrophotometry with MCR.Methods: Absorption spectra of each drug were recorded and divided by the corresponding concentration of divisor, and the ratio spectra were then mean centered. SLF and t TRM concentrations were determined from calibration graphs by measuring at obtained maximum wavelengths 256 nm for SLF and 288 nm for TRM.Result: The result determination of SLF and TRM content in tablet S was 103.31±0.34% and 96.588±2.13%, respectively, result of validation method was fulfilled, percentage recovery for SLF was 101.24% and relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.41%, and percentage recovery for TRM was 100.89% and RSD was 0.96%.Conclusion: The determination simultaneous by ultraviolet spectrophotometry of MCR was found to be accurate, precise, simple, and rapid method and can be used for SLF and TRM mixture

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACETAMINOPHEN AND IBUPROFEN MIXTURE IN TABLET UTILIZING CENTERED AVERAGE ON SPECTRUM RATIO BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC TECHNIQUE

Objectives: Centered average on spectrum ratio by spectrophotometric technique has been done validated for acetaminophen (ACT) and ibuprofen (IBU) in mixture. The goal of this research is to analyze concurrent determination of ACT and IBU mixture in tablet, using pH 7.2 phosphate buffer and ethanol (91:9) as solvent mixture.Methods: The spectrophotometric technique was made by addition of standard solution from IBU, and the absorption spectrum of each drug has been recorded, which is divided by corresponding concentration as a dividing factor; after that, the centered flat of ratio spectra of ACT and IBU concentrations was determined by calibration graphs with measuring at obtained maximum wavelengths 244 nm for ACT and 221 nm for IBU.Results: The research results showed that linearly correlation acetominophen and IBU are 3.0–9.0 μg/mL and 5.0–13.0 μg/mL, respectively, and linearly regression equations are 1.5800X+0.4809 and 0.0991X+0.0205 with coefficient correlation are 0.9962 and 0.9990. Result of ACT and IBU in local tablet is 100.72±0.12% and 98.82±0.06% with the average of percentage recovery for ACT and IBU is 100.01% and 100.31%, and relative standard deviation value is 0.03% and 0.06% respectively.Conclusion: It can be concluded that centered average on spectrum ratio spectrophotometric technique is a smooth, accelerated, correct, and rigid for the analysis of ACT and IBU in mixture

Training on the Use of Processed Herbal Plants as an Effort to Prevent Degenerative Diseases to the Community

This community service aims to increase public knowledge in health and health efforts through promotive and preventive activities by conducting counselling and training in the use of medicinal plants and how to process herbal plants properly and correctly so that people in Ndokum Siroga village, Karo Regency understand the importance of health and a healthy paradigm. by using herbal plants. This community service activity is to increase public awareness of health by introducing a healthy paradigm. The implementation method used is lectures and training where lectures are conducted to increase public knowledge about the health paradigm and the importance of health as well as the introduction of herbal plants to make family medicinal plants while the training is carried out by providing facilities and infrastructure for community service activities to increase community knowledge and skills, including delivery papers on various types of herbal plants used, things to consider in-plant processing, and their properties, as well as the practice of processing plants into drinks that are easy to consume. The conclusion of this activity is very helpful and provides good benefits to the community because this activity can have a direct impact on the community. The analysis technique and activity results are seen from the knowledge of the community before and after the training and counselling by asking questions in an objective form that can describe the different levels of understanding of the participants

The Effect of Boiling Time and the Type of Utensil Used on the Nitrite and Nitrate Contents in Carrots (Daucus carota L.)

Abstract.  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of boiling time using utensils made of different metal component on thenitrate and nitrite contentsin carrots. The carrots were obtained from Jaranguda Village, Karo Regency, North Sumatra. The utensil types used for boiling were made of stainless steel, what so called periuk and aluminum and boiling time were 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes.The determination of nitrite was done by visible spectrophotometer using sulfanilic acid and N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine dihydrochloride reagentsand absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 540 nm. The determinationof nitrate wascarried out by reducing the nitrate into nitrite using Zinc powder and diluted HCl then measured as nitrite. The nitritelevel was then convertedinto nitrate. The result showed that the utensil types and boiling time affected the levels of nitrate and nitrite in carrots. The nitrate and nitrite levels in fresh carrots was 32.14 mg/kg and 24.78 mg/kg respectively. After boiling for 5 minutes, the nitrate and nitrite levels decreased significantly. Further boiling of boiled carrots, the nitrite levelincreased in the aluminum utensil from 11.00 mg/kg to 20.15 mg/kg (83 %); in periuk from 9.18 mg/kg to 16.95 mg/kg (78%) andin stainless steelfrom 8.21 mg/kg to 11.75 mg/kg (43%). While the nitrate level decreased in aluminumutensil from 27.14 mg/kg to 21.08 mg/kg (22%); stainless steel from 16.40 mg/kg to 13.25 mg/kg (19%) and periuk from 20.30 mg/kg to 16.51 mg/kg (18%).  The results of this study indicated that the nitrite level increased, while nitrate level decreased with boiling time.The effect of utensil type used on boiling increased nitrite but decreased nitrate level in carrotsand these effects were found that the mostinfluential treatmentwas using utensil made of aluminum. Keyword: Carrot, Boiling Time, Nitrate, Nitrit, Utensil Typ

SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ISONIAZID AND PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRY ULTRAVIOLET WITH AREA UNDER CURVE METHOD

 Objective: This study aimed to develop spectrophotometry ultraviolet (UV) method by area under curve (AUC) to determine the levels of isoniazid (INH) and pyridoxine hydrochloride (PDX) in commercial tablets.Methods: Spectrophotometry UV method by AUC tested is carried out by optimizing the type of solvent, methanol, mixture of methanol, and phosphate buffer pH 4, pH 5, and pH 6 at a ratio of 90:10. The AUC value of each spectrum in various concentrations is calculated to selected wavelength range analysis. Then, this method was applied to determine the levels of INH and PDX in commercial tablets.Results: The application of AUC spectrophotometry UV method for determining the levels of INH and PDX was performed on wavelength range 262.2–272.2 nm and 289.8–299.8 nm, respectively. The selection of wavelengths based on wavelengths gives the best result. The mean % recoveries were found to be at 99.69% and 101.09% for INH and PDX, respectively.Conclusion: The method is successfully applied to analyze INH and PDX in pharmaceutical formulation simultaneously with no interference from excipients as indicated by all validation parameters which were within the acceptable range

Quantitative Estimation of Anti Hypertension Combination by Ratio Subtraction Spectrophotometry Method

BACKGROUND: Irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide are a group of anti-hypertensive drugs that are very effective and safe to use to reduce blood pressure and oedema. The combination has a small active ingredient content so that if the treatment didn't meet the requirements for therapeutic doses, it not achieved to the maximum therapy. AIM: The research aims to the simultaneous determination of irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in tablets by Ratio subtraction spectrophotometry method. METHODS: The absorption spectra and sample measurement in the Ratio subtraction method performed on Irbesartan at a wavelength of 247.6 nm and 273.6 nm for the Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) using 0.1 N NaOH as a solution. This method is validated with linearity, accuracy, and precision in intraday and interday, LOD and LOQ and applied in the determination of a mixture of irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in the dosage tablet. RESULTS: The validation test for IRB is 101.03 for accuracy, with a precision of 0.57; with precision testing at intraday 0.34 and interday 1.34, and LOD is 0.70 and LOQ is 2.12. Meanwhile, validation for HCT that the accuracy 100.34%; precision 0.89 and precision on intraday 1.20 and interday 1.18, and LOD 0.78 and LOQ 2.37 with IRB levels are 101.03 ± 0.63% and HCT is 100.59 ± 0.91%. CONCLUSION: The ultraviolet spectrophotometric method in subtraction ratio method was validated a method of linearity, accuracy, precision in intraday and interday, LOD, and LOQ and according to ICH guidelines and successfully applied for the determination simultaneous of irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in the tablet's dosage form

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF DOUBLE DIVISOR RATIO SPECTRA DERIVATIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD FOR TERNARY MIXTURE OF DEXTROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMIDE, DOXYLAMINE SUCCINATE AND PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM

This study aimed to develop spectrophotometry method by double divisor ratio spectra derivative to determine the levels of dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DEX), doxylamine succinate (DOX) and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE) in tablet dosage form using ethanol as solvent. The method is based on the use of the coincident spectra of the derivative of the ratio spectra obtained using a double divisor and measuring at the wavelengths selected. Then, the method was applied to determine the levels of DEX, DOX and PSE in tablet dosage form. The selected wavelengths for determination of DEX, DOX and PSE are 277.0 nm, 243.0 nm, and 243.2 nm, respectively. The mean % recoveries were found to be in 100.88%, 100.05%, and 100.26% for DEX, DOX and PSE, respectively. The method is successfully applied to analyze DEX, DOX and PSE in pharmaceutical formulation with no interference from excipients as indicated by the recovery study. All validation parameters were within the acceptable range

Chemometric Calculation for Determination of Betamethasone and Neomycin Mixture in Cream Supply by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry

BACKGROUND: Chemometric can be defined as a branch of analytical chemistry using statistical principles to design and select optimal analytical procedures and experiments. The chemometric technique that applies in the design of quantitative calibration curves in the spectral analysis is very important in quality control of the component contained in the drug mixture of 2 or 3 drug components or more, especially the component that has the adjacent wavelength when the spectrum overlap.  AIM: The purpose of this study was to conduct research that examines betamethasone and neomycin mixture in cream with the UV spectrophotometric methods using a chemometric calculation. METHODS: Chemometric calculation for determination of betamethasone and neomycin mixture in cream supply by ultraviolet spectrophotometric. RESULTS: The result of betamethasone and neomycin levels were 91.35% and 97.56%, relative standard deviation (RSD) for betamethasone and neomycin 0.93%; 1.73% and recovery percentage 99.09%; 99.94%. On the multivariate calibration of PLS ​​betamethasone and neomycin with each RMSEC value of 0.0230 and 0.3553 with the value of RMSECV 0.7187 and 0.3586 with RMSEP value 0.1558 and 0.0820. Thus, the predictive ability of the research is still acceptable and is well used for grade determination of betamethasone and neomycin content ​​fulfil the requirement for cream preparation according to USP edition XXX. CONCLUSION: Methods of UV spectrophotometric with chemometric can be used in the determination of BET and NEO levels in cream preparations and BET level is 91.35% with a range of 90-110%, and NEO level is 97.56% with a range of 94.45-98.71%. These levels have met the requirements of the levels listed in Indonesian Pharmacopoeia, 2014

Formulation and Quantitative Analysis of Betamethasone Valerate and Neomycin Sulfate Cream by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Spectrophotometry

BACKGROUND: Combination of betamethasone valerate and neomycin sulfate in cream is used to treat the itching, redness, dryness, scaling, inflammation and discomfort of various skin conditions caused by infection. The combination of active ingredients has side effects which can cause dry skin, thinning of the skin, hypertrichosis, and stretch marks. AIM: The purpose of this study was to make a formula containing vitamin E and quantitative analysis of betamethasone valerate and neomycin sulfate in creams using High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Spectrophotometry Area Under Curve methods. METHODS: Cream preparation includes smelting and emulsification processes, with oil phases namely stearic acid and vitamin E as well as water phases are glycerin, sodium bi-borate, tri-ethanolamine. Physical tests for the cream were organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, evaluation of dispersion, and viscosity. HPLC analysis for cream was carried out using C18 column, and the mobile phase of methanol: water with comparison optimization beforehand. Spectrophotometry analysis for cream was carried out using application of Area Under Curves methods. RESULTS: The formula used was betamethasone valerate 5 mg, neomycin sulfate 25 mg, stearic acid, glycerin, sodium bi-borate, tri-ethanolamine, vitamin E and distilled water. The obtained cream was in the form of semi-solid, odorless, white (colorless), homogeneous, pH 7, the dispersion power of 500 mg cream is 4.0-4.3 cm in diameter and viscosity is 7500 Cps. Analysis of the determination of the levels of the two components was carried out by the HPLC method C-18 column with the mobile phase of methanol: water (90: 10). Betamethasone valerate and neomycin sulfate levels in formulas made HPLC methods were 94.15%, and 136.56%, respectively and using AUC spectrophotometry methods were 107.98% and 94.81%. CONCLUSION: Cream that made by new formula with vitamin E shows good result in physical evaluation. HPLC methods with a mobile phase of methanol: water (90:10) was not recommended, while the AUC spectrophotometry method shows the valid result of quantitative analysis of betamethasone valerate and neomycin sulfate in cream