Big data in economics: evolution or revolution?

The Big Data Era creates a lot of exciting opportunities for new developments in economics and econometrics. At the same time, however, the analysis of large datasets poses difficult methodological problems that should be addressed appropriately and are the subject of the present chapter

EFFECT OF MUTAGENS ON QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN M3 GENERATION OF PEARL MILLET (PENNISETUM TYPHOIDES (BURN.F) STAPF. AND C.E. HUBB.)

A study was conducted to estimate the effects of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on mutagenesis of Pearl millet. Gamma rays (10, 20 and 30kR) and EMS (20, 30 and 40mM) treatments were done to find out different quantitative traits viz., Days to first bloom, Plant height, Number of leaves, Number of nodes, Length of earhead, Breadth of earhead, 1000 grains weight, Yield per plant, Chlorophyll and carbohydrate content. These parameters were better in 20kR of gamma rays and 30mM of EMS when compared with the control and other doses/concentrations and higher doses decreased the parameters

Efficacy EMS and DES on Mutagenesis and seedling characters of Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.

This study was performed by exposing the seeds of Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.) Var CO -13 to Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) and Diethyl sulphate (DES). The observations were made on seed germination and survivability in M1 generation. The study revealed that germination percentage and survivability were decreased by increasing concentration of the mutagens when compared to the control. The LD50 value was found in 30mM of EMS and 40mM of DES. So it was found that both mutagens at lower treatments have influenced less biological damage and could be suitable for inducing desirable mutations in Finger millet

Influence of physical and chemical mutagens on quantitative characters of Vigna mungo (L. Hepper)

Seeds of Urdbean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) Variety Vamban1 was mutagenised with physical and chemical mutagens namely, gamma rays, EMS and dES. In the M1 generation germination percentage, plant growth and yield parameters were adversely affected in the mutagenic treatments and the effects were more pronounced in higher doses indicating almost a linear relationship. The LD50 value was observed in 15 mM of EMS and 25 mM of dES and 60 kR of gamma rays. The increasing dose / concentrations of gamma rays, EMS and dES decreased in phenotypic and yield characters. The decrease quantitative and yield characters have been attributed to the physiological disturbance or chromosomal damage caused to the cells of the plant by the mutagen.ÂÂ

Induced mutagenesis in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L.) with special reference to the frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations

A relative study of frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations induced by mutagens in M2 generation was made with chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L). Variety ‘CO-4’. The treatments include different doses/concentrations of Gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mM). From the study, the overall frequencies and spectrum of five types of induced chlorophyll mutants Viridis (0.55), Xantha (0.46), Chlorina (0.45), Albina (0.43) and Tigrina (0.35) were observed. The frequency of chlorophyll mutation was increased with increasing concentrations up to a level, beyond it declined in both the mutagens. And the chlorophyll frequency was found in the order of viridis > xantha >chlorina> Albina >tigrina. The chemical mutagen, EMS was found to be more effective in inducing chlorophyll mutations than gamma rays in Chick pea

Changes on quantitative traits of black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) induced by EMS in M2 generation

The systematic collection of black gram is displayed inadequate variability for biotic and abiotic desirable genes. It is possible that genes for high productivity could have been lost due to overriding role of natural selection and genetic base of the present day collection remains poor due to lack of genetic variability owing to their autogamous nature. Mutagenesis has been widely used as a potent method of enhancing variability for crop improvement. In the present investigation, the genetic variability was induced to improve quantitative traits of black gram in M2 generation induced by EMS. The results showed that a significant enhancement in quantitative mean performance archived at 0.1% EMS concentration.ÂÂ

Chlorophyll and Morphological Mutations Induced by Chemical Mutagens EMS, DES in (Setaria italica(L.)Beauv.)Var .CO(Te)7 in M2 Generation

The assessment of mutagen concentration is typically evaluated by the morphological and chlorophyll mutants. Setariaitalica var. CO(Te)7 Fox tail millet seeds were treated with the chemical mutagens namely EMS in the concentration 20, 30,40 mM and DES in the concentration 30, 40 and 50 mM . The present investigation reveals chlorophyll mutants like Albino, Chlorina, Xantha , Straita and various morphological mutants like Tall plant, Dwarf plant, Long spike, Short spike, multiple spike ,Long awn spike, Thumb branch spike, Bold seed, Sterile spike, Tip sterile spike, Anthocyanin pigment in spike, Helical spike, Brachytic, Tiller, Zebra striped, Early and late maturity mutants were observed in M2 generation. The primary objective of the research work was to increase the availability of our traditional millet variety Tenai which was a balanced nutricereale and can be cultivated in large scale with the superior quality. They can be screened and enhanced through mutation breeding for enormous yield. The effect of EMS shows more chlorophyll and morphological mutants than DES in fox tail millet. &nbsp

Chlorophyll and morphological mutants of black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) derived by gamma rays and EMS

Micro and macro-mutants play an important role to assess the dose/concentration of mutagens. In the present investigation, some of the chlorophyll mutants were observed in the different dose/concentrations of gamma rays they were chlorina albino, xantha, and viridis. Among the mutagens, Morphological mutants were observed in M2 generation with effect of dose/concentration of mutagens and such mutants were,  dwarf, tall, tiny leaves, hairy leaves, male sterility, brown seed, early, maturing, long pod, bottom branching, top branching, bushy type, trailing and spreading habit mutants were observed in M2 generation. Mutant and its derivatives when used in cross breeding have found to be more productive in the development of improved varieties of black gram. EMS provided more number of chlorophyll and morphological mutants followed by gamma rays in this investigation