Time dilation of a bound half-fluxon pair in a long Josephson junction with a ferromagnetic insulator

The fluxon dynamics in a long Josephson junction with a ferromagnetic insulating layer is investigated. It is found that the Josephson phase obeys a double sine-Gordon equation involving a bound pi fluxon solution, and the internal oscillations of the bound pair acting as a clock exhibit Lorentz reductions in their frequencies regarded as a relativistic effect in the time domain, i.e., time dilation. This is the complement to the Lorentz contraction of fluxons with no clock. A possible observation scheme is also discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letter

The microbiologist’s guide to membrane potential dynamics

All cellular membranes have the functionality of generating and maintaining the gradients of electrical and electrochemical potentials. Such potentials were generally thought to be an essential but homeostatic contributor to complex bacterial behaviors. Recent studies have revised this view, and we now know that bacterial membrane potential is dynamic and plays signaling roles in cell–cell interaction, adaptation to antibiotics, and sensation of cellular conditions and environments. These discoveries argue that bacterial membrane potential dynamics deserve more attention. Here, we review the recent studies revealing the signaling roles of bacterial membrane potential dynamics. We also introduce basic biophysical theories of the membrane potential to the microbiology community and discuss the needs to revise these theories for applications in bacterial electrophysiology

Big-bang nucleosynthesis and Leptogenesis in CMSSM

We have investigated the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model with three right-handed Majorana neutrinos whether there still is a parameter region which is consistent with all existing experimental data/limits such as Leptogenesis and the dark matter abundance and we also can solve the Lithium problem. Using Casas-Ibarra parameterization, we have found that a very narrow parameter space of the complex orthogonal matrix elements where the lightest slepton can have a long lifetime, that is necessary for solving the Lithium problem. Further, under this condition, there is a parameter region that can give an explanation for the experimental observations. We have studied three cases of the right-handed neutrino mass ratio \mbox{\em (i)} $M_{2}=2 \times M_{1}$, \mbox{\em (ii)} $M_{2}=4 \times M_{1}$, \mbox{\em (iii)} $M_{2}=10 \times M_{1}$ while $M_{3}=40 \times M_{1}$ is fixed. We have obtained the mass range of the lightest right-handed neutrino mass that lies between $10^9$ GeV and $10^{11}$ GeV. The important result is that its upper limit is derived by solving the Lithium problem and the lower limit comes from Leptogenesis. Calculated low-energy observables of these parameter sets such as BR($\mu \to e \gamma$) is not yet restricted by experiments and will be verified in the near future.Comment: 27 pages, 4 figure

Butterfly Communities at Residential Suburbs in Kita-kawachi Area in 1996 and 1997 and Evaluation of Environment

To evaluate the urban environment, butterfly communities were monitored by a transect-count method at 3 residential suburbs (Owada in Neyagawa city, Makino in Hirakata city and Nagaodai in Hirakata city) in Kita-kawachi area in 1996 and 1997. Eight and 8 species in Owada, 14 and 19 species in Makino, and 23 and 27 species in Nagaodai were observed in 1996 and 1997, respectively. Mean annual counts of individuals per 1 km transect observed in 1996 and 1997 were 5. 31 and 6. 33 in Owada, 18. 42 and 22. 98 in Makino, and 11. 41 and 23. 21 in Nagaodai, respectively. Pianka\u27s α index to express the degree of overlap among the butterfly communities in 1996 and 1997 were higher in Owada than in others. In Owada and Makino, higher values of several diversity indices were observed in 1997 than in 1996. However, in Nagaodai, a remarkable increase of Pieris rapae made decrease the diverse index values in 1997. In both years, Sunose\u27s EI index distinguish the 3 areas separately and estimated Owada, Makino and Nagaodai as a suburban to urban stage, a typical residential suburb and a rural-suburb stage, respectively.報文文部省科学研究費(基盤研究(C),No.08680560

Butterfly Community at Land of Katsura River in Kyoto City. Comparison of River Land with Residential Suburb on Butterfly Community

To evaluate the environment of river land, butterfly community was monitored by a transect-count method at a land of Katsura river located in Kyoto city in 1997. Eight families, 30 species and 580 individuals were observed. Species most observed was Pieris rapae, which occupied 45.8% of the butterfly community. Although Morishita\u27s diversity index (β index) of the community in the river land was lower than those of several residential suburbs in Kansai area, Sunose\u27s EI index of the community in the river land was higher than those of the residential suburbs. Pianka\u27s α indices showed that the degree of overlap among the butterfly communities in the river land and the residential suburbs was high. These results indicate that butterfly community of a river land does not quantitatively but qualitatively differ from that of a residential suburb near the river land.報文日本学術振興会科学研究費(基盤研究 (C),·No.12680534

セミの分布による都市環境の評価

技術報告文部省科学研究費(基盤研究(C)、No.08680560

Double-resonance magic angle coil spinning

We present an extension of magic angle coil spinning (MACS) solid-state NMR spectroscopy to double-resonance experiments, enabling implementation of powerful double-resonance solid-state NMR methodologies including cross polarization, proton decoupling, and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy etc., while still enjoying the merits that are intrinsic to MACS, such as high concentration sensitivity, eliminated magnetic susceptibility-induced field distortion, and an easy-to-use approach with the conventional and widespread hardware