Influence of combined probiotics Lactobacillus sporogenes and Bacillus subtilis on survival, growth, biochemical changes and energy utilization performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879) post larvae

A 90-day feeding experiment was studied to determine the influence of the bacterial combination Lactobacillus sporogenes and Bacillus subtilis (LS+BS) on survival, growth, biochemical constituents and energy utilization performance of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae (PL). Experimental diets were the same, except for the variation in probiotic levels. The probiotics LS+BS (4:3) were used at 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% inclusion rates in the experimental diets. After the feeding trail, the growth parameters of the PLs, such as survival, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet as compared with control. The food conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) lower in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet. The biochemical composition of the total protein, amino acid, carbohydrate and lipid ash content were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet. However, insignificant difference was recorded in moisture content between control and experimental groups. The energy utilization parameters, such as feeding rate, absorption rate, conversion rate and metabolic rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet fed PL.  These results revealed the benefits of the incorporation of the probiotic (LS+BS) in aqua feed for M. rosenbergii PL.&nbsp

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Thoracic Expansion Exercise and Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise in Post-Operative Hernia Patients to Improve Pulmonary Functions with and without Incentive Spirometry. - A Comparative Study

BACKGROUND: Hernia is the protrusion of abdominal content through the abdominal wall. The causes of the hernia are overstraining, lifting of overweight, chronic cough, chronic constipation, obesity, urinary causes or old age people with benign prostrate hypertrophy and carcinoma prostate, young age with stricture urethra and also pregnancy. Atelectasis is one of the common pulmonary complications in any abdominal surgery. Incentive spirometry is an adjunct to chest physiotherapy as a portable &amp; hand-held device prescribed after postoperative lung complications. Either flow-oriented or volume-oriented IS devices are available. The chamber of a flow-oriented IS device has three connected columns, and inside are floats made of lightweight plastic. A flexible tube is joined to the chamber. IS seems to be an effective tool to improve lung function. METHODOLOGY: 46 samples were divided into 2 groups. Group A &amp; Group B each group has 23 subjects. Group A received thoracic expansion exercise and diaphragmatic breathing exercise with incentive spirometry and Group B received thoracic expansion exercise and diaphragmatic breathing exercise without incentive spirometry for a period of 10 days. The pre and post-test - pulmonary function and thoracic expansion measurements were recorded both before and after the intervention of 10 days. RESULTS: The results suggest that there is a significant improvement in pulmonary function and an increase in thoracic expansion in both groups (Group A and B). But it is improved significantly in those who underwent thoracic expansion exercise and diaphragmatic breathing exercise with incentive spirometry (Group A) than in those who underwent thoracic expansion exercise and diaphragmatic breathing exercise without incentive spirometry (Group B). CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this study is that the effects of thoracic expansion exercise and diaphragmatic breathing exercise with incentive spirometry show significant improvement among post-operative hernia patients, increase the pulmonary function and thoracic expansion when compared to those who underwent thoracic expansion exercise and diaphragmatic breathing exercise without incentive spirometry.</jats:p

Existence and uniqueness of a fuzzy solution for the nonlinear fuzzy neutral functional differential equation

AbstractThis work is concerned with a class of nonlinear fuzzy neutral functional differential equations. Specifically, existence and uniqueness of fuzzy solutions for the nonlinear fuzzy neutral functional differential equation , where A is a fuzzy coefficient and f and g are continuous functions, are established via Banach fixed-point analysis approach and using the fuzzy number whose values are normal, convex upper semicontinuous, and compactly supported interval in EN

Existence and uniqueness of fuzzy solution for semilinear fuzzy integrodifferential equations with nonlocal conditions

AbstractIn this paper, the existence and uniqueness of a fuzzy solution for the semilinear fuzzy integrodifferential equation is established via the Banach fixed-point analysis approach and using the fuzzy number whose values are normal, convex upper semicontinuous, and compactly supported interval in EN

Existence and uniqueness of fuzzy solution for the nonlinear fuzzy integrodifferential equations

AbstractIn this paper, existence and uniqueness of fuzzy solution for the nonlinear fuzzy integrodifferential equations is established via Banach fixed-point analysis approach and using the fuzzy number whose values are normal, convex, upper semicontinuous and compactly supported interval in EN