Disability Inclusive Social Protection in West Africa (People-centered, community-driven, and human rights-based): 29 July to 3 August 2024

This brief summarizes insights from a seminar event on disability-inclusive social protec-tion systems in West Africa, held in Cape Coast and Accra, Ghana. Guided by a com-munity-based inclusive development framework, it suggests goals and objectives for people-centered, community-driven, and human-rights-based social protection systems that ensure the inclusion of persons with disabilities across West Africa

Review; Social Worker, Clinical Laboratory , Nurses And Midwife Working Together In Suspected Child Abuse Cases

Child abuse is recognized as a worldwide issue that has significant ramifications for the physical and psychological well-being of its victims. Healthcare providers, as described below, engage with children and their families at various stages of healthcare. It is imperative for all nurses to possess the ability to recognize children who are vulnerable to danger or abuse, and respond appropriately. Midwives, nurses, social workers, and clinical laboratory professionals all possessed expertise and encountered comparable difficulties when dealing with child abuse. The ratio of healthcare personnel to patients in health facilities hinders the delivery of high-quality care at a structural level. These findings have ramifications for enhancing child abuse policy/guidelines and clinical practice. Compulsory child abuse training is essential for midwifery, nursing, and medical students, as well as in ongoing education programs for more seasoned practitioners

Effect of Polyphenols on Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neuronal Death and Brain Edema in Cerebral Ischemia

Polyphenols are natural substances with variable phenolic structures and are elevated in vegetables, fruits, grains, bark, roots, tea, and wine. There are over 8000 polyphenolic structures identified in plants, but edible plants contain only several hundred polyphenolic structures. In addition to their well-known antioxidant effects, select polyphenols also have insulin-potentiating, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-viral, anti-ulcer, and anti-apoptotic properties. One important consequence of ischemia is neuronal death and oxidative stress plays a key role in neuronal viability. In addition, neuronal death may be initiated by the activation of mitochondria-associated cell death pathways. Another consequence of ischemia that is possibly mediated by oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction is glial swelling, a component of cytotoxic brain edema. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature on the contribution of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction to neuronal death, cell swelling, and brain edema in ischemia. A review of currently known mechanisms underlying neuronal death and edema/cell swelling will be undertaken and the potential of dietary polyphenols to reduce such neural damage will be critically reviewed

Pembangunan web portal berasaskan MOODLE bagi tajuk ‘Electrolysis of Aqueous Solution’ kimia tingkatan empat

Pembelajaran berasaskan web semakin kerap diaplikasikan di dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran (P&P). Pembangunan web portal bagi tajuk „Electrochemistry? ini menggunakan Sistem Pengurusan Kursus MOODLE, adalah satu langkah yang sesuai untuk menambahkan lagi bilangan bahan pembelajaran secara dalam talian. Sejajar dengan itu, web portal ini dibangunkan dalam versi Bahasa Inggeris demi menyahut cabaran negara menjayakan visi negara dalam inisiatif dasar P&P bagi mata pelajaran Sains dan Matematik dalam Bahasa Inggeris (PPSMI). Interaksi antara para pelajar dan guru menjadi faktor utama menjadikan proses P&P berlaku dalam suasana Konstruktivisme sosial. Pelbagai bahan kursus yang dibangunkan iaitu bahan kursus statik, bahan kursus interaktif yang merangkumi „Lesson. Quiz, Assignment,dan Choices’, dan bahan kursus sosial yang merangkumi „Forum dan Chat’ yang dapat melengkapkan proses P&P yang berlaku. Nota-nota dan aktiviti yang disediakan adalah menggunakan perisian Microsoft Office PowerPoint sebagai platform utama untuk menyampaikan isi pembelajaran dengan menggabungkan elemen-elemen multimedia yang luas. Projek ini menggunakan pendekatan bersistem model ASSURE yang merangkumi 6 fasa iaitu Analisis Pelajar, Menyatakan Objektif, Memilih Kaedah, Media dan Bahan, Mengguna Media dan Bahan, Penglibatan Pelajar, dan Menilai dan Mengulang Kaji

Social protection policies and fertility: How can social protection measures address the low fertility rate in Germany?

There are about 30 low-fertility countries globally. Germany has been a low-fertility country for more than 50 years which is longer than any other country since the low-fertility trend in other countries only began ten or twenty years ago. Low-fertility rates have mainly negative consequences for various policy areas such as pension, health care, economy, labour market, culture, elections, and international relations (Bujard, 2015a, pp. 53f.). Understanding the potential impact of social protection policies on fertility rates is crucial for policymakers who seek to address declining fertility rates by applying evidence-based strategies. By investigating the relationship between these two variables, valuable insights can be gained, informing the design and implementation of effective policies aimed at promoting higher fertility rates and ensuring sustainable demographic outcomes. This research’s objective is to identify how social protection measures address the low fertility rates in Germany. To do that, the outcomes of recent social protection measures in Germany related to the fertility rate will be assessed by generating empirical evidence. Consequently, conclusions will be drawn, and suggestions will be offered on how to improve fertility rates