Dynamic Euler Diagram Drawing

In this paper we describe a method to lay out a graph enhanced Euler diagram so that it looks similar to a previously drawn graph enhanced Euler diagram. This task is non-trivial when the underlying structures of the diagrams differ. In particular, if a structural change is made to an existing drawn diagram, our work enables the presentation of the new diagram with minor disruption to the user's mental map. As the new diagram can be generated from an abstract representation, its initial embedding may be very different from that of the original. We have developed comparison measures for Euler diagrams, integrated into a multicriteria optimizer, and applied a force model for associated graphs that attempts to move nodes towards their positions in the original layout. To further enhance the usability of the system, the transition between diagrams can be animated

Adorno y Horkheimer : Prolegómenos a una teoría sobre la cultura de masas

La industria cultural. Ilustración como engaño de masas fue, en un principio, elaborado sólo por Adorno, quien ha realizado dentro del Instituto de Frankfurt sus mayores esfuerzos intelectuales por desarrollar una teoría sociológica. Años más tarde Adorno y Horkheimer realizaran una corrección en conjunto que dará lugar al texto que hoy nos proponemos recorrer. La frase que hemos elegido para volcarnos al artículo es contundente. Los frankfurtianos exclaman con ímpetu “La industria se adapta a los deseos por ella misma suscitados”. Esta frase es una invitación, una invitación directa a pensar una circularidad de consumo: la industria cultural produce para sujetos ociosos que quieren saciar sus deseos. Pero estos deseos han sido previamente producidos por la misma industria cultural. El sujeto está encerrado. ¿Cuál es el medio para poder salir de la circularidad de la producción? No lo sabemos porque no nos encontramos con formula alguna. Ahora bien, ¿cuál es el medio para que el sujeto continúe en esta circularidad de consumo? La publicidad. La publicidad mediática: las radios, propio del boom de la época en la que los autores escriben. Las publicidades que tienen grandes similitudes con la propaganda nazi: repetir y actuar. Repetir el deseo, actuar consumiendo. (Párrafo extraído del texto a modo de resumen)Mesa 2: Crítica de la cultura y sociedad. Problemas en torno a la práctica de una sociología crítica hoyFacultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

The effect of a foul release coating on propeller performance

With the imminent ban on the application of coatings of TBT self-polishing co-polymers in January 2003 and their eventual prohibition in 2008 a great deal of research is being conducted into the performance of the possible alternatives. As part of the ongoing work investigating the hydrodynamic performance of foul release systems, being carried out at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, a study into the possible benefits of their use on propellers has been conducted. The benefits that this method of propeller protection offers are potential fuel savings from increased propulsive efficiency as well as lower maintenance costs and a cleaner environment. Initially a literature review exploring the effect of propeller surface conditions on ship performance and previous work on propeller coatings for merchant ships was conducted. Theoretical calculations on the possible gains were then explored for a merchant ship propeller type using a propeller lifting surface analysis program. These showed that the significant losses in efficiency caused by blade roughening can be avoided by the application of a foul release coating with a surface finish equivalent to a new or well polished propeller

Frequency doubling technology in patients submitted to laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK): cost-benefit analysis

PURPOSE: To check if there is functional damage to magnocellular cells using the frequency doubling technology (FDT), after laser assisted in situ keratomileusis-LASIK intraocular pressure increase and to analyze the benefit of this test in patients undergoing refractive surgery, regarding involved costs. METHODS: Prospective study in 19 ametropic patients undergoing refractive laser assisted in situ keratomileusis surgery, at the Hospital Oftalmológico de Sorocaba. Two frequency doubling technology examinations were performed in both eyes of patients before LASIK and one examination was done after the surgery. The assessment of the difference between the measurements of MD (Delta MD) was considered the dependent variable to formulate an evaluation of multiple regression. The costs of the frequency doubling technology and LASIK were analyzed. RESULTS: There was no difference between the MD (mean deviation) and PSD (pattern standard deviation) before and after the procedure (p= 0.4454 and p= 0.9716, respectively). The continuous variables did not significantly influence Delta MD (r²= 4.1%; F= 0.15; p= 0.96). We considered 1500 LASIK surgeries during one year at the Hospital Oftalmológico de Sorocaba, and the average cost of this surgery is R$373.27. The frequency doubling technology costs R$ 13.15 for each patient. CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference between MD and PSD (pattern standard deviation) before and after the surgery. The frequency doubling technology has high sensitivity and specificity and low cost, so it could be used in patients undergoing refractive surgery (high cost) to avoid the laser assisted in situ keratomileusis in glaucoma patients.OBJETIVO: Verificar existência de alteração funcional das células magnocelulares por meio da tecnologia de freqüência duplicada (FDT), após o incremento de pressão gerado pela técnica de laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), e avaliar os benefícios de realizar este em pacientes candidatos à cirurgia refrativa, considerando-se os custos envolvidos nos procedimentos. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo em 19 pacientes com ametropias, submetidos à cirurgia laser assisted in situ keratomileusis, no Hospital Oftalmológico de Sorocaba. Foram realizados 2 exames de tecnologia de freqüência duplicada em ambos os olhos dos pacientes antes da cirurgia por laser assisted in situ keratomileusis, e um exame após a cirurgia. A avaliação da diferença entre as medidas de MD (mean deviation) e PSD (pattern standard deviation) efetuadas pela tecnologia de freqüência duplicada antes e depois da cirurgia refrativa foram avaliadas por meio do teste de t pareado. A diferença entre as medidas de MD (Delta MD) foi considerada variável dependente para elaborações de uma avaliação de regressão múltipla. Foi realizada uma análise de custos do exame de tecnologia de freqüência duplicada e da cirurgia laser assisted in situ keratomileusis. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença entre as medidas de MD no exame de tecnologia de freqüência duplicada antes e após o procedimento (p= 0,4454) assim como para PSD (p= 0,9716). Nenhuma variável contínua testada influiu significantemente no Delta MD (r²= 4,1%; F= 0,15; p= 0,960). Considerando a realização de 1500 cirurgias de laser assisted in situ keratomileusis ao ano no Hospital Oftalmológico de Sorocaba, o custo médio desta cirurgia é de R$373,27 e o custo do exame de tecnologia de freqüência duplicada é de R$ 13,15 por paciente. CONCLUSÕES: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as medidas de MD no exame de tecnologia de freqüência duplicada antes e após o procedimento assim como para PSD. A tecnologia de freqüência duplicada, exame com alta sensibilidade e especificidade, e de baixo custo poderia ser utilizado como exame pré-operatório em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia refrativa (LASIK), de alto custo, com o propósito de evitar tal procedimento em pacientes com glaucoma.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Hospital Oftalmológico de Sorocaba Departamento de GlaucomaHospital Oftalmológico de SorocabaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de GlaucomaUNIFESP, Depto. de GlaucomaSciEL

“The hope – the one hope – is that your generation will prove wiser and more responsible than mine.” Constructions of guilt in a selection of disaster texts for young adults

This paper explores a range of definitions of guilt, and argues that fiction for young adults which is set after a major disaster that has been caused by humans has surprisingly little emphasis on guilt. Focusing on Brother in the Land by Robert Swindells, Nuclear War Diary by James E. Sanford (Jr), The Last Children by Gudrun Pausewang, The Carbon Diaries 2015 by Saci Lloyd and its sequel, The Carbon Diaries 2017, and Days Like This by Alison Stewart, the paper argues that in post-nuclear texts for young adults the emphasis tends to be on the perceived responsibility of the young adult reader&amp;apos;s generation to work towards preventing the disaster from becoming reality, rather than on the guilt of the adult generation that caused the disaster. However, in texts dealing with environmental disaster, the young adult reader&amp;apos;s generation can be seen to have some measure of culpability, and so the issues of guilt and responsibility become more complex<br /

Multi Visualization and Dynamic Query for Effective Exploration of Semantic Data

Semantic formalisms represent content in a uniform way according to ontologies. This enables manipulation and reasoning via automated means (e.g. Semantic Web services), but limits the user’s ability to explore the semantic data from a point of view that originates from knowledge representation motivations. We show how, for user consumption, a visualization of semantic data according to some easily graspable dimensions (e.g. space and time) provides effective sense-making of data. In this paper, we look holistically at the interaction between users and semantic data, and propose multiple visualization strategies and dynamic filters to support the exploration of semantic-rich data. We discuss a user evaluation and how interaction challenges could be overcome to create an effective user-centred framework for the visualization and manipulation of semantic data. The approach has been implemented and evaluated on a real company archive

Bactérias promotoras de crescimento e adubação nitrogenada no crescimento inicial de cana-de-açúcar proveniente de mudas pré-brotadas

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da inoculação de bactérias promotoras de crescimento sobre a formação de mudas pré?brotadas de cana?de?açúcar, oriundas de gemas individualizadas, e quantificar o crescimento inicial dessas mudas, em associação à aplicação de nitrogênio, em solo de baixa fertilidade. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos: um em casa de vegetação, com duração de 50 dias, e o outro, em vasos no campo, com duração de 180 dias. Em ambos os experimentos, utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2x3, no primeiro experimento ? com ou sem inoculante, e com três quantidades de reserva nas gemas ?, e 2x2x4, no segundo ? com ou sem inoculante, com ou sem nitrogênio, avaliados em quatro épocas: aos 45, 90, 135 e 180 dias. O inoculante produziu efeito na fase inicial de crescimento das mudas pré?brotadas, com aumento na velocidade de brotação e no acúmulo da matéria seca de raízes e da parte aérea, independentemente da quantidade de reserva da gema. No segundo experimento, o inoculante promoveu ganhos no crescimento inicial da parte aérea e do sistema radicular, até os 180 dias após o transplantio, com aumento em altura, perfilhamento, diâmetro do colmo, produção da matéria seca de colmos e de palha e do comprimento radicular, independentemente da aplicação de nitrogênio. O inoculante tem efeito fisiológico positivo sobre o crescimento das plantas

Solvent-Free Continuous Operations Using Small Footprint Reactors: A Key Approach for Process Intensification

A solvent-free approach to intensification of chemical processes is reported. This concept, in which reactions are carried out solvent-free, without the need for further downstream processing, was highlighted first with a full reduction of ethyl nicotinate to ethylpiperidine-3-carboxylate under continuous flow conditions. Using a small footprint reactor, a throughput of 26.4 g h–1 was achieved. Similarly, this approach was used for the telescoped two-step synthesis of 2-propyl phenol (productivity 120 g h–1) and 2-propyl cyclohexanone (productivity 30 g h–1), starting from the commercially available allyl phenol ether via Claisen rearrangement and subsequent reduction.We would like to thank Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development (CB), the EPSRC (RJM, SVL, Grant Codes EP/K009494/1, EP/M004120/1 and EP/K039520/1) and the Woolf Fisher Trust (DEF) for financial support.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from the American Chemical Society via https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b0028

Liebenberg, Ian, Jorge Risquet and Vladimir Shubin (eds), A Far-away War: Angola, 1975-1989. Stellenbosch: Sun Press 2015, 207 pp.

This publication, which consists of an Introduction and eight chapters by different authors, appeared at the time of the 40th anniversary of the entry of South Africa into the Angolan war. It is short but packed with useful information and well-documented with photos, geographical and combat maps, an extensive bibliography of 35 pages, political cartoons and posters,historical surveys and statistics. Edited by the South African Ian Liebenberg (Director of the Centre for Military Studies at the Military Academy in Stellenbosch), the Cuban Jorge Risquet (who participated in the 1988 Angolan peace talks), and the Russian Vladimir Shubin (former Deputy Director of the Institute for African Studies at the Russian Academy of Science), A Far-Away War sheds new light on this prolonged conflict, focusing on the involvement of South-Africa, Cuba, Russia and East-Germany.In doing so, it opens new perspectives and widens the understanding of the struggle for liberation in Southern Africa, not only for the average history and politics reader but also, as a very useful reference book, for the more advanced researcher and academic

Ionic coupling to plasma polymer surfaces

The work in this thesis was aimed at the preparation of low energy surfaces via the surface attachment of fluorinated surfactant molecules. Such surface functionalisation routes are highly dependent on the chemical nature of the substrate surface. For this reason the choice of substrate materials is both all important and extremely limited. To make the process of more general appeal a method for pre-treating the substrate, using cold plasma polymerisation reactions, followed by surfactant coupling to the plasma polymer has been devised. Using this approach, the surfactant coupling process is now dependent on the surface chemistry of deposited plasma polymers and independent of substrate characteristics. In order to form highly functionalised surfaces, likely to undergo further reactions, the plasma polymerisation of acrylic acid, ally! amine and allyl alcohol was investigated. Highly functionalised acid, amine and alcohol surfaces, as shown by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), were produced by optimisation of pulsed plasma conditions. Measurement of deposition rates during plasma polymerisation reactions indicated that polymerisation can occur during the off-time of the pulsed plasma period, most likely via free radical polymerisation pathways. Highly functionalised plasma polymer surfaces thus formed were shown to couple to fluorinated surfactant molecules. The mechanism of surfactant attachment has been suggested to be ionic attraction between opposite charges on the surfactant molecule and the plasma polymer in aqueous solution. The surfaces formed give rise to oleophobic/hydrophilic behaviour. This is in marked contrast to the usual liquid repellent attributes of conventional polyelectrolyte- fluorosurfactant complexes formed by solution phase synthesis