The impact of lipid content, cooking and reheating on volatile compounds found in narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorous commerson)

Effects of four cooking methods (microwave cooking, grilling, steaming and shallow fat frying) and reheating by microwave on volatile profile in S. commerson were evaluated. Thirty compounds were identified in GC-MS analysis of raw samples. The number of volatile compounds had increased to 36, 46, 45 and 45 compounds in microwave cooked, grilled, steamed and shallow fat fried samples, respectively. Total concentrations of volatile had increased from 72.80 to 111.06, 74.25, 112.19 and 92.37 μg/kg, respectively. The concentration and new flavor compounds were increased by chill-reheating, due to the fast oxidation. The concentration of alcohol and aldehydes increased significantly (P<0.05). The hexanal amount also increased in all samples and indicated a marked development of warmed-over flavor. Quantitative and qualitative (P<0.05) differences were observed in volatile compounds between raw and cooked samples

The impact of lipid content, cooking and reheating on volatile compounds found in Narrow - barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorous commerson)

Effects of four cooking methods (microwave cooking, grilling, steaming and shallow fat frying) and reheating by microwave on volatile profile in S. commerson were evaluated. Thirty compounds were identified in GC-MS analysis of raw samples. The number of volatile compounds had increased to 36, 46, 45 and 45 compounds in microwave cooked, grilled, steamed and shallow fat fried samples, respectively. Total concentrations of volatile had increased from 72.80 to 111.06, 74.25, 112.19 and 92.37 μg/kg, respectively. The concentration and new flavor compounds were increased by Chill-Reheating, due to the fast oxidation. The concentration of alcohol and aldehydes increased significantly (P<0.05). The hexanal amount also increased in all samples and indicated a marked development of warmed-over flavor. Quantitative and qualitative (P<0.05) differences were observed in volatile compounds between raw and cooked samples

ANMM4CBR: a case-based reasoning method for gene expression data classification

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Accurate classification of microarray data is critical for successful clinical diagnosis and treatment. The "curse of dimensionality" problem and noise in the data, however, undermines the performance of many algorithms.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>In order to obtain a robust classifier, a novel Additive Nonparametric Margin Maximum for Case-Based Reasoning (ANMM4CBR) method is proposed in this article. ANMM4CBR employs a case-based reasoning (CBR) method for classification. CBR is a suitable paradigm for microarray analysis, where the rules that define the domain knowledge are difficult to obtain because usually only a small number of training samples are available. Moreover, in order to select the most informative genes, we propose to perform feature selection via additively optimizing a nonparametric margin maximum criterion, which is defined based on gene pre-selection and sample clustering. Our feature selection method is very robust to noise in the data.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated on both simulated and real data sets. We show that the ANMM4CBR method performs better than some state-of-the-art methods such as support vector machine (SVM) and <it>k </it>nearest neighbor (<it>k</it>NN), especially when the data contains a high level of noise.</p> <p>Availability</p> <p>The source code is attached as an additional file of this paper.</p

Testing of Indirect Effect of Work-Family Conflict on Life Satisfaction- A Multi-mediator Model

The purpose of this study was testing of indirect effect of work-family conflict on life satisfaction of Shiraz hospitals nurses (340 persons) through testing of a multi-mediator model. Using a multi-mediator approach, indirect effect of work-family conflict on life satisfaction was simultaneously tested through two mediators of job satisfaction and family satisfaction. In this research it was tried to clarify two general perceptions: First, work-family conflict can indirectly influence general quality of individual’s life. Second, general quality of individual’s life satisfaction is depended on two main aspects of his life (job and family). Using Preacher and Hayes’ multi-mediator model, rate of direct and indirect effects of this model and their statistical meaningfulness was evaluated. Eventually, this research approved the two general perceptions. In addition, it determined special indirect effects of the mentioned mediator variables

Covalent polybenzimidazole-based triazine frameworks: A robust carrier for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Covalent triazine-based polymers (CTPs) are a new class of porous materials that can be used for the intercalation of therapeutic agents. The main purposes of designing new drug carriers include protecting them from degradation, enhancing their poor aqueous solubility, and investigating their controlled release properties. In this context, a novel polybenzimidazole-based CTP (BZ-CTP) was prepared by a solvothermal reaction between 4,4',4''-((1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) tris(azanediyl)) tribenzoic acid (TCA) and 3,3'-diaminobenzidine. Piroxicam (PRX) and mefenamic acid (MFA) were loaded thoroughly into the CTP by using ultrasonication to form MFA-loaded CTP (MFA@BZ-CTP) and PRX-loaded CTP (PRX@BZ-CTP) with drug loading efficiencies of 49 and 53, respectively. We attribute the increased loading efficiencies to the formation of pi-pi stacking forces between the aromatic rings present in the CTP structure and drugs. The in vitro release experiments were assessed in simulated physiological conditions using the dialysis method. Moreover, the release mechanisms were evaluated by Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic studies and the obtained results showed excellent sustained releases of 81 after 96 h and 87 after 24 h for the PRX@BZ-CTP and MFA@BZ-CTP hybrids, respectively

Investigating personal, cognitive and organizational variables as predictors of unsafe behaviors among line workers in an industrial company

Introduction: previous studies have shown approximately 90% of accidents in the workplace are due to unsafe behavior and human errors. Identifying predictors of unsafe behaviors would be unsafe in accidents prevention. The purpose of this study was to investigate personality characteristics, cognitive and organizational variables of line workers in an industrial company in bojnurd. .Material and Method: The sample, in the main stage, consisted of 300 employees and in the validation stage 100 They were selected thought stratified random sampling. Firstly, participants were divided into two groups (safe and unsafe) using safety behavior scale. Next, each group was evaluated using the five-factor personality questionnaire, safety efficiency questionnaire, regulatory focus at work, safety climate, safety motivation and safety competency scales and also perceived work pressure questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, the discriminate analysis, the confirmatory factor analysis and the Pearson’s correlation coefficient were applied.  .Result: According to the result of the present study, unsafe behaviors of employees can be predicted by neuroticism, extroversion, agreeableness, consciousness, safety efficiency, regulatory focus and its dimensions, safety climate and its dimensions, safety motivation, safety competency and role overload variables.  .Conclusion: The results of this study showed the importance of safety competency, prevention focus, safety rules and procedures, safety efficiency and consciousness as predictors of unsafe work behaviors. Therefore, it is recommended to rely on these variables in the safety training courses and also in selecting people for high risk environments