Ultrafast laser welding of ceramics.

Welding of ceramics is a key missing component in modern manufacturing. Current methods cannot join ceramics in proximity to temperature-sensitive materials like polymers and electronic components. We introduce an ultrafast pulsed laser welding approach that relies on focusing light on interfaces to ensure an optical interaction volume in ceramics to stimulate nonlinear absorption processes, causing localized melting rather than ablation. The key is the interplay between linear and nonlinear optical properties and laser energy-material coupling. The welded ceramic assemblies hold high vacuum and have shear strengths comparable to metal-to-ceramic diffusion bonds. Laser welding can make ceramics integral components in devices for harsh environments as well as in optoelectronic and/or electronic packages needing visible-radio frequency transparency

Industrialización de la riqueza vegetal: oportunidades sociales y económicas

Las empresas enfrentan un importante desafío es esta economía globalizada, porque para sobrevivir tienen que ofrecer nuevos productos con valor agregado en los mercados internacionales. Para ello se requieren profesionales entrenados en las metodologías para el desarrollo de nuevos productos (DNP), y los egresados universitarios tienen que tener estas habilidades para que puedan contribuir a enfrentar esta situación. J unto con esto se requieren también productos innovadores de la mano con la conservación del medio ambiente y aprovechando al máximo los recursos disponibles, bien sea de la tierra o de transformación tecnológica. Con este proyecto se pretende abrir una ventana de oportunidad para que los alumnos del programa de Ingeniería de Procesos puedan adquirir el entrenamiento necesario para desempeñarse con éxito en el DNP. A demás, los empresarios del campo puedan obtener un valor agregado para sus productos como alternativa en tiempos de precios desfavorables.Companies face a major challenge is this globalized economy, because to survive they have to offer new products with added value in the international market. This requires professionals trained in the methodologies for the development of new products (DNP) and university graduates must have these skills so that they can contribute to deal with this situation. A long with this they also require innovations running by the side of conservation of the environment and the taking of full advantage of available resources, either from land or technological transformation. This project is to open a window of opportunity so that the Process Engineering students can acquire the knowledge needed to perform successfully in the DNP training. A lso field employers can get valueadded products as an alternative in times of unfavourable prices

Pengaruh Harga Dan Promosi Media Sosial Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Msglow Di Arjowilangun Kalipare Malang Jawa Timur (Studi Pada Pengguna Ms Glow Di Arjowilangun Kalipare Malang Jawa Timur)

Abstract This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of price and promotion on the purchasing decision of Ms Glow in Arjowilangun Kalipare, Malang, East Java, simultaneously or partially. The population in this study were all consumers of Ms Glow in Arjowilangun Kalipare, Malang, East Java. Samples were taken using the Slovin formula, in order to obtain 85 respondents who met the requirements as samples. The type of data used is primary data. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The technique used to analyze multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that (1) there is a simultaneous influence between price and promotion variables on purchasing decisions of Ms Glow consumers in Arjowilangun Kalipare Malang, East Java (2) Price variables affect purchasing decisions on consumers of Ms Glow in Arjowilangun Kalipare Malang, East Java ( 3) Promotional variables affect purchasing decisions on consumers of Ms Glow in Arjowilangun Kalipare, Malang, East Java. Keywords: Price, Promotion, Purchase Decision

Waste Crime: Low Risks - High Profits. Gaps in Meeting the Global Waste Challenge. A Rapid Reponse Assessment

More than ever, our future depends upon how we manage the future of our waste. As an integrated part of sustainable development, effective waste management can reduce our global footprint. Ignoring or neglecting the challenges of waste, however, can lead to significant health, environmental and economic consequences. A staggering 1.3 billion tonnes of food is produced each year to feed the world’s 7 billion people. Yet, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), around US$1 trillion of that food goes to waste. With 200,000 new people added every day, the world can ill afford to waste such a massive amount of food. Global waste, however, does not stop at food. Consumers are increasingly buying products that are wrapped in plastics and paper. Much of this packaging – and eventually the products themselves – will end up in landfills. This trend has both health and environmental consequences, especially given the rapid rise of hazardous waste such as electronics

Fire ventilation systems in a Platform Screen Doors equipped metro station

open3noScope of this paper is to analyze a way to investigate an admissible solution for fire ventilation systems installed in a metro station equipped with Platform Screen Doors (PSD). Fire ventilation is related to fire scenarios involving generic events on the rolling stock present in the station. In order to evaluate capability and efficiency of desmoking systems, computational fluid dynamics analysis (CFD) have been developed, using Fire Dynamics Simulator software (FDS). Analysis have involved simulations in a model where different system configurations are applied. In all these models the railway platform area is delimited from the truck area by means of PSD system. System configurations assumed during the design provide for the possibility to operate ventilation from the train side using side and upper ventilation as well as platform level ventilation. Final ventilation strategies using under platform ventilation obtained excellent results in term of smoke and compliance of tenability criteria.openFaggioni N.; Franzoni S.; Devia F.Faggioni, N.; Franzoni, S.; Devia, F

Temporal and spatial distribution of predatory ants and their potential to control the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) and the mahogany shoot borer (Hypsipyla grandella) in coffee agroforestry systems in Costa Rica

Tesis (M. Sc) -- CATIE, Turrialba (Costa Rica),2002En Mesoam?rica y el Caribe es com?n la presencia de ?rboles de sombra en los sistemas agroforestales de caf? (Coffea arabica). En a?os recientes se ha demostrado que estos sistemas pueden albergar altos niveles de biodiversidad de insectos, incluyendo a hormigas, que podr?an actuar como depredadoras de plagas claves en dichos sistemas. Por tanto, mediante pruebas de escogencia en el laboratorio y el campo, se determin? el potencial de depredaci?n de las especies m?s abundantes (Solenopsis geminata, Pheidole radoszkowskii y Crematogaster spp.) sobre varios estadios de la broca del caf? (Hypothenemus hampei) y el barrenador de las meli?ceas (Hypsipyla grandella). As?mismo, para valorar el efecto de la sombra sobre las poblaciones de estas hormigas, se evalu? su abundancia a trav?s de un gradiente de sol-sombra en un cafetal con cuatro parcelas alternas (desde pleno sol hasta sombra total), en Turrialba, Costa Rica. En condiciones de laboratorio, S. geminata, P. radoszkowskii y Crematogaster spp. causaron depredaci?n en al menos un estadio de H. grandella y de H. hampei, a veces con niveles de hasta 100 por ciento. No obstante, esto no ocurri? en el campo, ya que ni las dos primeras especies ni C. torosa depredaron de manera significativa ning?n estadio de la broca, aunque S. geminata s? lo hizo sobre huevos de H. grandella. In Mesoamerica and the Caribbean it is common to have shading trees within coffee agroforestry systeMON (Coffea arabica). In recent years, it has been demonstrated that these systeMON can contain high levels of insect biodiversity, including ants that could act as predators of key pests attacking them. Because of that, through laboratory and field choosing tests it was possible to determine the predation potential of the most abundant ant species (Solenopsis geminata, Pheidole radoszkowskii and Crematogaster spp.) to several coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) and mahogany shoot borer (Hypsipyla grandella) developmental stages. Likewise, in order to assess shade effect on ants population, a sun-shade gradient was established to evaluate its abundance in a coffee plantation with four alternate plots (from full sun to complete shade) in Turrialba, Costa Rica. Under laboratory conditions, S. geminata, P. radoszkowskii and Crematogaster spp. caused predation to at least one stage of H. grandella and H. hampei, sometimes up to 100 percent levels. Nevertheless, this did not occur at the field as neither of the two first species nor C. torosa caused a significant predation on any coffee berry borer's stage, although S. geminata did predate H. grandella eggs

Distribution and foraging by the leaf-cutting ant, Atta cephalotes L., in coffee plantations with different types of management and landscape contexts, and alternatives to insecticides for its control

Tesis (Ph. D.) -- CATIE. Escuela de Posgrado, Turrialba (Costa Rica), University of Idaho, 2014Atta cephalotes L., the predominant leaf-cutting ant species found in coffee farMON in the Turrialba region of Costa Rica, is considered a pest of the crop because it removes coffee foliage. I applied agroecosystem and landscape level perspectives to study. A. cephalotes foraging, colony distribution and dynamics in coffee agroecosysteMON in the Turrialba region. I also conducted field assays to assess efects of control methods on colonies of different sizes and to examine the efficacy of alternatives to insecticides

M?todos de la evaluaci?n de los estudiantes en educaci?n a distancia en la Maestr?a en Educaci?n UNAD Florida

130 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEn la actualidad la educaci?n a distancia es una de las modalidades ofertadas por las instituciones de educaci?n superior a los aspirantes a continuar su formaci?n acad?mica en pregrado o postgrado, siendo esta alternativa v?lida sobre todo para las personas que cuentan con poca disponibilidad de tiempo o con dificultad en los traslados por problemas geogr?ficos, de transporte o econ?micos, permitiendo as? acceder a una formaci?n acad?mica sin importar la distancia, benefici?ndose de lo que ofrecen hoy en d?a las nuevas tecnolog?as, adicionalmente se encuentra el factor econ?mico, ya que los costos son menores comparados con los de la educaci?n presencial. Uno de los factores que hacen parte de la educaci?n a distancia respecto a su calidad en el aprendizaje es la manera como se llevan a cabo los procesos de evaluaci?n de los estudiantes, la cual est? sujeta desde luego, a la creaci?n, modificaci?n o mejora de los m?todos de evaluaci?n integrados en su mayor?a por actividades o trabajos escritos. Por tal raz?n, el prop?sito de este trabajo de grado es conocer que tan efectivos son los m?todos utilizados en el proceso de evaluaci?n en la modalidad a distancia respecto a la forma de aplicaci?n de las pruebas;, la metodolog?a utilizada, la frecuencia con la cual se aplica, c?mo hace parte del proceso de aprendizaje, que ser?n la garant?a posteriormente para el sector empresarial de la efectividad de las competencias adquiridas por el estudiante. Palabras Clave: Educaci?n a distancia, Evaluaci?n formativa, calidad educativa, TIC.At present distance education is one of the modalities of institutions of higher education to those aspiring to continue undergraduate or postgraduate academic training, this alternative being valid especially for people who have little availability of time with difficulty in the transfer of geographic, transport or media problems, allowing access to an academic education regardless of distance, benefiting from what the new technologies offer today, accessing an education modality that in many cases is of good quality , adding to this the economic factor, since the costs are smaller compared with those of the face-to-face education. There is currently resistance by some institutions of higher education to the broader of face-to-face education, but there is no doubt that most educational institutions in distance education a proposal that interests a high percentage of the population concerned to form academically, demonstrating that the distance modality can also offer contents, resources and evaluation of high quality, allowing the profile of its graduates to be competent with the other modalities of education. One of the factors that make part of the distance education with respect to its quality is the way in which the processes of evaluation of the students are carried out, which is of course subject to the creation, modification or improvement of the Evaluation activities, mostly written or written. For this reason, the purpose of this degree work is to know in depth the evaluation process in the distance modality regarding the form of application of the tests, the way the formats are prepared, the methodology used, the frequency with Which is applied, how it is part of the learning process and how effective the assessment of the knowledge acquired by the student, which will be the guarantee later for the business sector of the effectiveness of the skills acquired by the student. Keywords: Distance education, Virtual Education, Evaluation, modality, methodology