Drug delivery systems - Winter school on recent advances in diagnosis and management of diseases in mariculture, 7th to 27th November 2002, Course Manual

Drug delivery systems are designed based on the action of the drug in the body, reaction of the body to these drugs and the active drug available in the body for therapeutic action. The way a drug is made to reach the destination and act at the appropriate site is the drug delivery systems

From Matrices to Strings and Back

We discuss an explicit construction of a string dual for the Gaussian matrix model. Starting from the matrix model and employing Strebel differential techniques we deduce hints about the structure of the dual string. Next, following these hints a worldheet theory is constructed. The correlators in this string theory are assumed to localize on a finite set of points in the moduli space of Riemann surfaces. To each such point one associates a Feynman diagram contributing to the correlator in the dual matrix model, and thus recasts the worldsheet expression as a sum over Feynman diagrams.Comment: 27 pages, 3 figure

D-branes as a Bubbling Calabi-Yau

We prove that the open topological string partition function on a D-brane configuration in a Calabi-Yau manifold X takes the form of a closed topological string partition function on a different Calabi-Yau manifold X_b. This identification shows that the physics of D-branes in an arbitrary background X of topological string theory can be described either by open+closed string theory in X or by closed string theory in X_b. The physical interpretation of the ''bubbling'' Calabi-Yau X_b is as the space obtained by letting the D-branes in X undergo a geometric transition. This implies, in particular, that the partition function of closed topological string theory on certain bubbling Calabi-Yau manifolds are invariants of knots in the three-sphere.Comment: 32 pages; v.2 reference adde

(De)Constructing Dimensions

We construct renormalizable, asymptotically free, four dimensional gauge theories that dynamically generate a fifth dimension.Comment: 10 pages, late

Refined Topological Vertex and Instanton Counting

It has been proposed recently that topological A-model string amplitudes for toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds in non self-dual graviphoton background can be caluculated by a diagrammatic method that is called the ``refined topological vertex''. We compute the extended A-model amplitudes for SU(N)-geometries using the proposed vertex. If the refined topological vertex is valid, these computations should give rise to the Nekrasov's partition functions of N=2 SU(N) gauge theories via the geometric engineering. In this article, we verify the proposal by confirming the equivalence between the refined A-model amplitude and the K-theoretic version of the Nekrasov's partition function by explicit computation.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures, minor correction

Perturbative Chern-Simons Theory From The Penner Model

We show explicitly that the perturbative SU(N) Chern-Simons theory arises naturally from two Penner models, with opposite coupling constants. As a result computations in the perturbative Chern-Simons theory are carried out using the Penner model, and it turns out to be simpler and transparent. It is also shown that the connected correlators of the puncture operator in the Penner model, are related to the connected correlators of the operator that gives the Wilson loop operator in the conjugacy class.Comment: 7 Pages, Published Versio

Reduction of open membrane moduli

We perform a general reduction of the open membrane metric in a worldvolume direction of the M5-brane. Using reduction rules analogous to the bulk, we show that the open membrane metric leads to the standard open string metric and open string coupling constant on the D4-brane only for an ``electric'' reduction in which case the open membrane metric has no off-diagonal components and the Born-Infeld curvature tensor is a matrix of rank 2. Instead, if we perform a general reduction, with nonzero off-diagonal components of the open membrane metric, we obtain a rank 4 Born-Infeld tensor corresponding to a bound state of an open string with an open D2--brane. Next, we identify and reduce a 3-form open membrane ``noncommutativity'' tensor on the M5-brane. This open membrane parameter only reduces to the open string noncommutativity tensor on the D4-brane provided we constrain ourselves to an ``electric'' or a ``magnetic'' reduction.Comment: 15 pages, LaTeX, uses JHEP.cls and JHEP.bst style file

Simplifying and Extending the AdS_5xS^5 Pure Spinor Formalism

Although the AdS_5xS^5 worldsheet action is not quadratic, some features of the pure spinor formalism are simpler in an AdS_5xS^5 background than in a flat background. The BRST operator acts geometrically, the left and right-moving pure spinor ghosts can be treated as complex conjugates, the zero mode measure factor is trivial, and the b ghost does not require non-minimal fields. Furthermore, a topological version of the AdS_5xS^5 action with the same worldsheet variables and BRST operator can be constructed by gauge-fixing a G/G principal chiral model where G=PSU(2,2|4). This topological model is argued to describe the zero radius limit that is dual to free N=4 super-Yang-Mills and can also be interpreted as an "unbroken phase" of superstring theory.Comment: 39 pages harvma

't Hooft Expansion of 1/2 BPS Wilson Loop

We revisit the 't Hooft expansion of 1/2 BPS circular Wilson loop in N=4 SYM studied by Drukker and Gross in hep-th/0010274. We find an interesting recursion relation which relates different number of holes on the worldsheet. We also argue that we can turn on the string coupling by applying a certain integral transformation to the planar result.Comment: 21 pages; v2: minor correction

Whitebaits

The present status of exploitation of whitebaits and information on their biology and stock position are reviewed. Encrasicholina devisi and Stolephorus waitei together account for major share of the whitebait catch. Aspects of fishery, size distribution in the fishery, size at first maturity, spawning season and seasons of young fish abundance for both the species at different observation centres are presented. Food of these species comprised chiefly of copepods and other zooplankters. The exploitation rate for S. waitei were 0.48 and 0.38 and for E. devisi 0.29 and 0.15 respectively along the east and west coasts. E. devisi is poorly exploited along both the coasts. E. devisi and E. punctifer are hardy, and can survive in captivity for one to three months and could therefore be utilised as live baits in the tuna pole and line fishery