Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1, Biliverdin Reductase and H-Ferritin in Lung Macrophage in Smokers with Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: Role of HIF-1α

Few data concern the pathophysiology of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP), which is associated with alveolar hypoxia/reoxygenation. This study tested the hypothesis that PSP is associated with oxidative stress in lung macrophages. We analysed expression of the oxidative stress marker 4-HNE; the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory proteins heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), biliverdin reductase (BVR) and heavy chain of ferritin (H-ferritin); and the transcription factors controlling their expression Nrf2 and HIF-1alpha, in lung samples from smoker and nonsmoker patients with PSP (PSP-S and PSP-NS), cigarette smoke being a risk factor of recurrence of the disease.mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR and proteins by western blot, immunohistochemistry and confocal laser analysis. 4-HNE, HO-1, BVR and H-ferritin were increased in macrophages from PSP-S as compared to PSP-NS and controls (C). HO-1 increase was associated with increased expression of HIF-1alpha mRNA and protein in alveolar macrophages in PSP-S patients, whereas Nrf2 was not modified. To understand the regulation of HO-1, BVR and H-ferritin, THP-1 macrophages were exposed to conditions mimicking conditions in C, PSP-S and PSP-NS patients: cigarette smoke condensate (CS) or air exposure followed or not by hypoxia/reoxygenation. Silencing RNA experiments confirmed that HIF-1alpha nuclear translocation was responsible for HO-1, BVR and H-ferritin induction mediated by CS and hypoxia/reoxygenation.PSP in smokers is associated with lung macrophage oxidative stress. The response to this condition involves HIF-1alpha-mediated induction of HO-1, BVR and H-ferritin

Ozone Fumigation during Storage

This study was conducted to investigate the natural decline in the residues of the world's most widely used fungicide, azoxystrobin, in model systems and grapes stored in cold rooms and to determine if ozone fumigation during storage has a contribution to the degradation process. The level of the fungicide gradually decreased both in model systems and grapes with the reduction rates of 53 +/- 2 and 29 +/- 1%, respectively, at the end of storage. Addition of ozone (1.0ppm) to the storage atmosphere was found to have a significant influence on fungicide degradation both in model systems and grapes and about 90% reduction rates were recorded. This is the first report demonstrating the accelerated degradation of azoxystrobin by the use of ozone gas treatment

Microplastics and endocrine-disrupting chemicals released from disposable hot beverage cups and from teabags, and their evaluation in terms of human health safety

Microplastics (MPs) are pollutants that contaminate resources such as water, air, and soil. Humans can be exposed to microplastics through inhalation, digestion, or dermal contact. The use of disposable paper and plastic cups, as well as teabags, is widespread. Cups are usually made of plastic, and teabags are generally made of half-synthetic cellulose. This study aims to draw attention to their effects on human health by analyzing MPs due to contact with plastic paper cups and teabags with a hot aqueous solution (50°C, 70°C, and 90°C). This study used scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the results were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The number of MP particles released from teabags increased to 4.59 x 104 particles cm-3, while in paper cups and plastic cups, MP particle numbers elevated to 2.94 x 104 particles cm-3 and 2.11 x 104 particles cm-3, respectively. Total phthalate compound concentrations determined in aqueous solution samples were 1.74-2.42 µg dm-3 in teabags, 1.49-2.40 µg dm-3 in paper cups, 1.20-1.28 µg dm-3 in plastic cups; Bisphenol A concentration ranges were determined as 0.015-0.045 µg dm-3 in plastic cups, 0.006-0.011 µg dm-3 in teabags and 0.005-0.006 µg dm-3 in paper cups. Consumption of tea or coffee that comes into contact with disposable plastics daily may increase the daily MP intake and cause health problems in the future. © 2024, Polish Society Magnesium Research. All rights reserved.Trakya Üniversitesi: 2020/29; Trakya ÜniversitesiThis research was funded by Trakya University Scientific Research Project, grant number 2020/29

THE PREDICTORS OF LONG-TERM SURVIVAL AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH COPD TREATED WITH MECHANICAL VENTILATION

[Abstract Not Available

Nutritional quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) caught from the Atatürk Dam lake in Turkey

This study was carried out to determine the proximate, fatty acid, cholesterol, mineral and trace element compositions of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which is commonly consumed in Turkey. The moisture, protein, lipid and ash contents of the rainbow trout were 71.65, 19.60, 4.43 and 1.36%, respectively. Total lipids were mainly characterized by low cholesterol levels (35.04 mg/100 g). The composition of fatty acids showed that total monounsaturated fatty acids (35.56%) were the highest, followed by saturated fatty acids (27.65%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (23.09%). The mineral and trace elements determined were Ca, Na, K, P, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Pb, Hg, As, Cd, Cu, Ni and Co. Among the minerals analyzed, K was the highest followed by Mg, Na, P and Ca. The most abundant trace elements were Co, Cu, Zn followed by Fe, and all trace elements were present in amounts below the limits proposed by the World Health Organization and the Turkish Food Codes for human consumption in the meat of rainbow trout. This investigation provides practical and useful information on the chemical composition of rainbow trout, which is widely consumed in Turkey. These results will be important for the fishing industry, nutritionists, investigators for improving processing and marketing. It is also helpful for similar academic studies and to prepare tables of compositions of food. © 2008, Blackwell Publishing

Folic acid conjugated PAMAM-modified mesoporous silica-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for potential cancer therapy

In this study, novel folate-receptor-targeted polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer functional mesoporous silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles were prepared for drug delivery agents for photodynamic therapy applications. The surface of the magnetic nanoparticles was coated with mesoporous silica (M-MSN). The M-MSN nanoparticles were functionalized with siloxane-cored PAMAM dendrons (generation 1 to 3). The surface of the M-MSN-PAMAM nanocarriers was targeted with folic acid. Indocyanine green (ICG) a near-infrared dye was loaded in the M-MSN-PAMAM nanocarriers and the photodynamic therapy efficiency of the drug-loaded nanocarriers was evaluated on MCF-7 cells. MCF-7 cells were subjected to tissue culture E-Plate that was used to generate dynamic real-time data by measuring electrical impedance across interdigitated microelectrodes on the bottom of the plate. Light source (LEDs) was designed as a system that fit 96 well-plate and cells were irradiated at 785 nm for 20 min. Also, these results were confirmed by WST-1 assay in dark and light conditions for MCF-7 cells. The results showed that in vitro application of ICG loaded M-MSN-PAMAM-FA causes apoptosis in the MCF-7 cell line. (C) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TUBITAK [112S625]This work was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TUBITAK (112S625)

Comparison with clearance of Tc-99m DTPA aerosol, and CO diffusing capacity, and lung function test in house painters

[Abstract Not Available

The Influence of the Turkish Anti-Tobacco Law on Primary School Children in Edirne

Objective: The Turkish anti-tobacco law was accepted and effectuated in 1996. All forms of cigarette advertising, the sale of tobacco products to persons under the age of 18 and smoking in public institutions were all restricted. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate the influence of the Turkish anti-tobacco law on children for the periods before the law, after three years and after 10 years. Material and Methods: A self-completed questionnaire was distributed among primary school children. This included questions about the children's smoking habits, their opinions of parents' and teachers' smoking habits, tobacco use in public places and the recognition rate of 16 food, drink, cigarette and toothpaste logos and brand names, The first, second and third applications of the questionnaire were performed with students who attended the same classes in the same primary schools, accounting for 772 children in June 1996, 1,157 children in February 1999 and 719 children in June 2006. Results: When these three periods were evaluated, it could be seen that the prevalence of having smoked significantly decreased (13.9%, 4%, 2.2%, p<0.001), as did the rate of purchasing cigarettes within the past week (36.6%, 29.1%, 15.8%, p<0.001). The disagreement with parents' and teachers' smoking habits and tobacco usage in public places increased significantly (p<0.001), while the recognition rates of some cigarette brand names and logos significantly decreased, specifically with regards to Marlboro, Camel and Samsun (p<0.001). Conclusion: The Turkish anti-tobacco law has had a positive effect on primary school children in Edirne, and therefore could be a model for other countries