Using biometric data to protect information

Objective. An urgent task is to evaluate the system for protecting access to information while minimizing errors, based on the use of human biometric data. It is necessary to evaluate and compare methods and solutions of biometric authentication, and the possibility of combining them.Method. The method for assessing and comparing biometric authentication methods and solutions is based on practical experience and regulatory and technical documentation on the use of biometric data for information security purposes. It is necessary to complicate the possibility of unauthorized access to information. At the same time, improving the system should not worsen the comfort of a legitimate user when trying to access. The remaining tasks are to reduce entry time and simplify the system.Result. An assessment of biometric authentication methods and solutions was carried out and a solution was proposed for the development of biometric authentication systems to protect against unauthorized access, the key criteria in which were the complexity of hacking, user comfort, login time and simplification of the system.Conclusion. The optimal solution in the development of biometric authentication systems would be to use multi-factor authentication using dynamic parameters of the access subject. A modern biometric authentication system should be installed taking into account the level of security required at the time

Study of Defensive and Coping Behaviour of Teachers of Inclusive Professional Education

The specificity of defensive and coping behavior of teachers in inclusive education is discussed. In the theoretical analysis, particular attention is paid to the requirements of inclusive practice to the personality and work of the teacher. A review of studies on the problem of the correlation of constructs “psychological defence,” “coping,” “defensive coping behaviour” is made. The empirical study confirmed the hypothesis of the existence of differences in the structure of defensive and coping behaviour of teachers of vocational education with varying degrees of inclusion in inclusive practice. It is found that differences relate primarily to the nature of the relationship of components of defensive and coping behaviour. Non-inclusive college teachers demonstrate more continuous and coherent structure, while teachers who are actively involved in inclusive professional education demonstrate the independent functioning of individual psychological protection. Comparative analysis showed significantly higher values according to the mechanisms of “distraction,” “search of social support” and “escape from a stressful situation” of teachers not included in the field of inclusive education. It is concluded that teachers working with the disabled, use unconscious mechanisms of defence, while teachers who do not work with them use conscious strategies of escape from the problem situation. The results of the study are characterized by novelty, since to date the empirical research on the activities of the teacher in inclusive education is insufficient and there are no studies of the specificity of defensive and coping behaviour

Nanosecond pulsed electric field thresholds for nanopore formation in neural cells.

The persistent influx of ions through nanopores created upon cellular exposure to nanosecond pulse electric fields (nsPEF) could be used to modulate neuronal function. One ion, calcium (Ca(2+)), is important to action potential firing and regulates many ion channels. However, uncontrolled hyper-excitability of neurons leads to Ca(2+) overload and neurodegeneration. Thus, to prevent unintended consequences of nsPEF-induced neural stimulation, knowledge of optimum exposure parameters is required. We determined the relationship between nsPEF exposure parameters (pulse width and amplitude) and nanopore formation in two cell types: rodent neuroblastoma (NG108) and mouse primary hippocampal neurons (PHN). We identified thresholds for nanoporation using Annexin V and FM1-43, to detect changes in membrane asymmetry, and through Ca(2+) influx using Calcium Green. The ED50 for a single 600 ns pulse, necessary to cause uptake of extracellular Ca(2+), was 1.76  kV/cm for NG108 and 0.84  kV/cm for PHN. At 16.2  kV/cm, the ED50 for pulse width was 95 ns for both cell lines. Cadmium, a nonspecific Ca(2+) channel blocker, failed to prevent Ca(2+) uptake suggesting that observed influx is likely due to nanoporation. These data demonstrate that moderate amplitude single nsPEF exposures result in rapid Ca(2+) influx that may be capable of controllably modulating neurological function

Ultrasound cases of an elongated left lobe of the liver as an anatomical variant

The elongated left lobe of the liver (saddle liver, saber liver, beaver tail liver, beaver lobe) is one of the types of variant liver anatomy, characterized by the fact that the left lobe extends far beyond the midline of the body, and can come into contact with the spleen and even go above it. Due to the fact that the elongated left lobe of the liver is more often susceptible to injury and, in some cases, can imitate a subcapsular hematoma of the spleen, it seems important to increase the awareness among doctors of various specialties about the variety of morphological variations in the structure of the liver, in particular about the elongated left lobe of the liver, to unify approaches to the description and establish uniformity of wording to designate this feature of the anatomical structure of the left lobe of the liver, which will reduce the risk of diagnostic errors and errors during surgical interventions, especially in cases of blunt abdominal trauma.The article presents clinical cases with ultrasound examination of 10 patients of different ages (from 1 month to 38 years) and gender with a newly diagnosed anomaly in the structure of the left lobe of the liver, i.e an elongated left lobe. An analysis of national and foreign literature sources containing reports on various morphological variants of the liver structure and the frequency of their occurrence was carried out. Ultrasound signs were proposed to describe the elongated left lobe of the liver. The features of the ultrasound examination technique for the elongated left lobe of the liver in children older than one year are described. The variety of formulations used by different authors when describing this variant of the anatomical structure of the liver was studied

Treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: personal experience

Background. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignancy of the hematopoietic system. Most patients with newly diagnosed AML are 65 years of age or older. Treatment of this cohort of patients is difficult due to the comorbidity of elderly patients and the genetic characteristics of hemoblastosis, which prevents the achievement of significant progress in treatment, in contrast to younger patients with AML. As domestic and foreign studies have shown, age is an independent universal prognosis factor for AML. In the era of targeted drugs, successful treatment of AML is becoming possible.Aim. To assess overall survival in elderly patients with AML, tolerability and effectiveness of various treatment regimens in patients with AML ≥65 years.Materials and methods. This paper presents our own experience in the treatment of elderly patients with AML in the hematology departments of the City Clinical Hospital No. 52. The study included patients over 65 years of age with AML from April 2022 to September 2023. A total of 40 patients were analyzed. To determine the risk factors for death, univariate and multivariate regression analyzes were performed using the logistic regression method. Variables that showed statistical significance on univariate analysis were included in the multivariate analysis. An analysis of 12‑month overall survival was also carried out using the Kaplan–Meier method with the construction of survival curves and calculation of median survival. A comparative analysis of two groups of patients treated with the AZA + EN and LdaraC regimens was carried out.Results. 63 % (n = 25) are men, 37 % (n = 15) are women. The median age was 75 years; all patients had complicated premorbid background. 53 % (n = 21) of patients were in the age range from 65 to 69 years, 47 % (n = 19) were over 70. Antitumor treatment was received by 88 % (n = 35) of patients. The remaining 5 underwent: best accompanying (n = 2), cytoreductive (early death at this stage) (n = 3) therapy. Complete remission after two cycles of therapy was achieved in 46 % (n = 16) of patients, and in 29 % (n = 10) it was maintained at the time of analysis. Early relapse occurred in 14 % (n = 5). Early mortality was recorded in 9 % (n = 3). Death was reported in 40 % (n = 16) of patients. 20 % (n = 7) of patients were refractory to first-line therapy, of which 36 % (n = 5) were treated with low doses of cytarabine (LdaraC), the rest to a combination of azacitidine (AZA) with venetoclax (EN). The number of relapses among patients on AZA + EN and LdaraC therapy was comparable.Conclusion. AZA + EN is the first-line treatment of choice in older patients with AML. The possibility of conducting this course in an outpatient setting makes it most convenient for both hematologists and patients. An important aspect in the treatment of AML in elderly patients is improving and maintaining quality of life

Individual Dose Calculations with Use of the Revised Techa River Dosimetry System TRDS-2009D

An updated deterministic version of the Techa River Dosimetry System (TRDS-2009D) has been developed to estimate individual doses from external exposure and intake of radionuclides for residents living on the Techa River contaminated as a result of radioactive releases from the Mayak plutonium facility in 1949–1956. The TRDS-2009D is designed as a flexible system that uses, depending on the input data for an individual, various elements of system databases to provide the dosimetric variables requested by the user. Several phases are included in the computation schedule. The first phase includes calculations with use of a common protocol for all cohort members based on village-average-intake functions and external dose rates; individual data on age, gender and history of residence are included in the first phase. This phase results in dose estimates similar to those obtained with system TRDS-2000 used previously to derive risks of health effects in the Techa River Cohort. The second phase includes refinement of individual internal doses for those persons who have had body-burden measurements or exposure parameters specific to the household where he/she lived on the Techa River. The third phase includes summation of individual doses from environmental exposure and from radiological examinations. The results of TRDS-2009D dose calculations have demonstrated for the ETRC members on average a moderate increase in RBM dose estimates (34%) and a minor increase (5%) in estimates of stomach dose. The calculations for the members of the ETROC indicated similar small changes for stomach, but significant increase in RBM doses (400%). Individual-dose assessments performed with use of TRDS-2009D have been provided to epidemiologists for exploratory risk analysis in the ETRC and ETROC. These data provide an opportunity to evaluate the possible impact on radiogenic risk of such factors as confounding exposure (environmental and medical), changes in the Techa River source-term data and the change of the approach to individual internal dose estimation (90Sr-body burden measurements and family correlations vs. village averages). Our further plan is to upgrade the TRDS-2009D and to complete a stochastic version of the dosimetry system

Willingness to university teachers to training of disabled persons and persons with disabilities

The article raises the question of the availability of the teaching staff of higher educational institutions for learning disabled people and people with disabilities, and provides recommendations for the development of specific competenciesВ статье ставится вопрос о готовности профессорско-преподавательского состава высших учебных заведений к обучению инвалидов и лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья, и даются рекомендации для развития специальных компетенци

ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF SURGICAL PROCEDURES ADVISABLE FOR CHRONIC PANCREATITIS WITH THE PREDOMINANT LESION OF THE PANCREATIC HEAD

Recently, studies comparing various variants of operations to establish the optimal method of surgical treatment for chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic head lesions from the point of view of evidence-based medicine have been carried out in the world. However, these comparative studies do not take into account differences in the clinical and morphological forms of the disease, in particular, chronic pancreatitis with a predominant and isolated lesion of the head. Subtotal resection of the pancreatic head with proximal pancreatojejunostomy, suitable for an isolated lesion of the head, does not solve all the problems of chronic pancreatitis with a predominant lesion of the head. In this case, the violation of the outflow of pancreatic juice along the pathologically changed main pancreatic duct from the left half of the gland is not eliminated. It is impossible to unambiguously support the hypothesis of the feasibility of performing subtotal resection of the pancreatic head with proximal pancreatojejunostomy in chronic pancreatitis with a predominant lesion of the head with a uniformly expanded main pancreatic duct. With this form of chronic pancreatitis, cicatricial strictures can form in the main pancreatic duct, which can lead to ductal hypertension and serve as an indication for reoperation. The feasibility of using Beger operation in chronic pancreatitis with a predominant lesion of the head is doubtful, since the intersection of the isthmus and the need for a T-shaped longitudinal pancreatojejunostomy makes this intervention technically difficult and unsafe. Based on the studies performed, it is impossible to say with certainty about the reliable advantages of one type of operations over another. To obtain reliable results, it’s necessary to conduct evidence-based studies comparing subtotal resection of the pancreatic head with longitudinal pancreatojejunostomy with other types of interventions only for chronic pancreatitis with a predominant head lesion, excluding from the study patients with chronic pancreatitis with isolated head lesion