Design and Fabrication of Densified Biomass Briquette Maker Machine

The project we designing & fabricating is to reduce the problems of Cutting Trees for fire logs. “Leaf Log Maker Machine” is designed to make dry leaves get compressed and made to logs as a fuel. Typically, dead leaves are dumped a lot in landfills and one of the problems with leaving wet leaves to decompose like this is that they give off methane 20 times more poisonous gas than carbon dioxide. In contrast, when leaves are burnt, they only give off the carbon they absorb while on the tree they add nothing extra to the environment. This machine is compact, easily accessible & eco-friendly. It can also able to compress wood wastes, papers & tin cans. This machine is to make fuels from the natural resources like dry leaves, instead of cutting them. This machine is easy to understand the operation to user. It had come over many changes and modifications within it

Dense active matter model of motion patterns in confluent cell monolayers

Epithelial cell monolayers show remarkable displacement and velocity correlations over distances of ten or more cell sizes that are reminiscent of supercooled liquids and active nematics. We show that many observed features can be described within the framework of dense active matter, and argue that persistent uncoordinated cell motility coupled to the collective elastic modes of the cell sheet is sufficient to produce swirl-like correlations. We obtain this result using both continuum active linear elasticity and a normal modes formalism, and validate analytical predictions with numerical simulations of two agent-based cell models, soft elastic particles and the self-propelled Voronoi model together with in-vitro experiments of confluent corneal epithelial cell sheets. Simulations and normal mode analysis perfectly match when tissue-level reorganisation occurs on times longer than the persistence time of cell motility. Our analytical model quantitatively matches measured velocity correlation functions over more than a decade with a single fitting parameter.Comment: updated version accepted for publication in Nat. Com

Data Security using Reversible Data Hiding with Optimal Value Transfer

In this paper a novel reversible data hiding algorithm is used which can recover image without any distortion. This algorithm uses zero or minimum points of an image and modifies the pixel. It is proved experimentally that the peak signal to noise ratio of the marked image generated by this method and the original image is guaranteed to be above 48 dB this lower bound of peak signal to noise ratio is much higher than all reversible data hiding technique present in the literature. Execution time of proposed system is short. The algorithm has been successfully applied to all types of images

Integrating BDI agents with Agent-based simulation platforms

Agent-Based Models (ABMs) is increasingly being used for exploring and supporting decision making about social science scenarios involving modelling of human agents. However existing agent-based simulation platforms (e.g., SWARM, Repast) provide limited support for the simulation of more complex cognitive agents required by such scenarios. We present a framework that allows Belief-Desire Intention (BDI) cognitive agents to be embedded in an ABM system. Architecturally, this means that the "brains" of an agent can be modelled in the BDI system in the usual way, while the "body" exists in the ABM system. The architecture is exible in that the ABM can still have non-BDI agents in the simulation, and the BDI-side can have agents that do not have a physical counterpart (such as an organisation). The framework addresses a key integration challenge of coupling event-based BDI systems, with time-stepped ABM systems. Our framework is modular and supports integration off-the-shelf BDI systems with off-the-shelf ABM systems. The framework is Open Source, and all integrations and applications are available for use by the modelling community

Search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

A search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu decay channel, where l = e or mu, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The data were collected at the LHC, with the CMS detector, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 inverse femtobarns. No significant excess is observed above the background expectation, and upper limits are set on the Higgs boson production cross section. The presence of the standard model Higgs boson with a mass in the 270-440 GeV range is excluded at 95% confidence level.Comment: Submitted to JHE

Combined search for the quarks of a sequential fourth generation

Results are presented from a search for a fourth generation of quarks produced singly or in pairs in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 inverse femtobarns recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2011. A novel strategy has been developed for a combined search for quarks of the up and down type in decay channels with at least one isolated muon or electron. Limits on the mass of the fourth-generation quarks and the relevant Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements are derived in the context of a simple extension of the standard model with a sequential fourth generation of fermions. The existence of mass-degenerate fourth-generation quarks with masses below 685 GeV is excluded at 95% confidence level for minimal off-diagonal mixing between the third- and the fourth-generation quarks. With a mass difference of 25 GeV between the quark masses, the obtained limit on the masses of the fourth-generation quarks shifts by about +/- 20 GeV. These results significantly reduce the allowed parameter space for a fourth generation of fermions.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Ionic liquid catalyzed one pot green synthesis of isoxazolone derivatives via multicomponent reaction

459-464A series of 3-methyl-4-((3-aryl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)isoxazol-5(4H)-one derivatives have been efficiently synthesized by environmentally benign, one-pot three component condensation of substituted 1,3-diaryl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxyaldehyde, β-keto ester and hydroxyl amine hydrochloride in the presence of ionic liquid [HNMP][HSO4] as a catalyst in ethanol. These derivatives have been synthesized by conventional, ultrasound and microwave irradiation methods. The combination of ionic liquid with ultrasound as well as microwave irradiation makes the protocol fascinating and environmentally benign. In addition, it has several benefits such as simple work-up procedure, clean reaction profile, short reaction time and good yields

Direct Observation of the Dynamics of Latex Particles Confined inside Thinning Water-Air Films

The dynamics of micrometer-size polystyrene latex particles confined in thinning foam films was investigated by microscopic interferometric observation. The behavior of the entrapped particles depends on the mobility of the film surfaces, the particle concentration, hydrophobicity, and rate of film formation. When the films were stabilized by sodium dodecyl sulfate, no entrapment of particles between the surfaces was possible. When protein was used as a stabilizer, a limited number of particles were caught inside the film area due to the decreased mobility of the interfaces. In this case, extraordinary long-ranged (>100 Ìm) capillary attraction leads to two-dimensional (2D) particle aggregation. A major change occurs when the microspheres are partially hydrophobized by the presence of cationic surfactant. After the foam films are opened and closed a few times, a layer of particles simultaneously adsorbed to the two interfaces is formed, which sterically inhibits any further film opening and thinning. The particles within this layer show an excellent 2D hexagonal ordering. The experimental data are relevant to the dynamics of defects in coating films, Pickering emulsions, and particle assembly into 2D arrays

Management of type IIB and IIIB olecranon fractures. Case series.

OBJECTIVES: to report and evaluate the functional outcome of plate fixation in comminuted olecranon fractures (Mayo types IIB and IIIB). METHOD: 23 consecutive patients with comminuted fractures of the olecranon presenting to our unit Between Feb 2011 and Jan 2015, at a mean follow-up of thirty-six months. Main outcome measurements include radiographic healing, post-operative range of motion, complications, outcome score and patient satisfaction. RESULTS: Our study included thirteen females and ten males with a mean age of 55(18-97). Fourteen were Mayo type IIB and nine were Mayo type IIIB. Eighteen patients had no complications post-operatively with good outcome with mean oxford score of 45, full rotational ROM and mean flexion arc of 20-130°. Five patients had range of motion between 40-90° with full rotational ROM and mean oxford score of 24. Two patients out of five required metal work removal. No non-unions were noted in our series. CONCLUSION: Plate fixation of complex olecranon fracture is an effective, reliable method of treatment with low risk of non-union. Restoration of a functional flexion arc of movement can be expected with application of correct technique

Refining and testing the diagnostic accuracy of an assessment tool (PAT-POPS) to predict admission and discharge of children and young people who attend an emergency department : protocol for an observational study

Background: Increasing attendances by children (aged 0–16 years) to United Kingdom Emergency Departments (EDs) challenges patient safety within the National Health Service (NHS) with health professionals required to make complex judgements on whether children attending urgent and emergency care services can be sent home safely or require admission. Health regulation bodies have recommended that an early identification systems should be developed to recognise children developing critical illnesses. The Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust Paediatric Observation Priority Score (PAT-POPS) was developed as an ED-specific tool for this purpose. This study aims to revise and improve the existing tool and determine its utility in determining safe admission and discharge decision making. Methods/design: An observational study to improve diagnostic accuracy using data from children and young people attending the ED and Urgent Care Centre (UCC) at three hospitals over a 12 month period. The data being collected is part of routine practice; therefore opt-out methods of consent will be used. The reference standard is admission or discharge. A revised PAT-POPs scoring tool will be developed using clinically guided logistic regression models to explore which components best predict hospital admission and safe discharge. Suitable cut-points for safe admission and discharge will be established using sensitivity and specificity as judged by an expert consensus meeting. The diagnostic accuracy of the revised tool will be assessed, and it will be compared to the former version of PAT-POPS using ROC analysis. Discussion: This new predictive tool will aid discharge and admission decision-making in relation to children and young people in hospital urgent and emergency care facilities. Trial registration: NIHR RfPB Grant: PB-PG-0815-20034. ClinicalTrials.gov: 213469. Retrospectively registered on 11 April 2018. Keywords: Paediatric, Emergency department, Diagnostic accuracy, Early identification systems, screening tool, Observational, Early warning score, Early warning system, hospital admission