A case report: ruptured primary ovarian abscess in pregnancy

Primary ovarian abscess during pregnancy is a very rare entity.  The clinical presentation is very vague and hence can be a diagnostic dilemma. Diagnostic laparoscopy gives a definitive diagnosis and an opportunity to treat the entity in same settings. Herein we discussed a case of a ruptured primary ovarian abscess in pregnancy which was successfully managed by laparoscopy. Ovarian abscess is different from tubo-ovarian abscess. A delay in diagnosis may be associated with risk of maternal death and can be detrimental to the fetus also. Surgical drainage of ovarian abscess and conservative and minimally invasive surgical procedure under antibiotics are recommended during pregnancy

THE EFFECT OF WHEATGRASS JUICE ON HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL W.S.R. TO SAMANYA-VISHESHA SIDDHANTA

W.H.O. guideline denotes hemoglobin level in healthy male below 13 g/dl is abnormal and in female below 12g/dl is abnormal. This condition refers as Anaemia. There are several types of anaemia. It develops mainly because of lack of proper food habits. Wheat grass juice is rich source of minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, amino acids and many enzymes. It is significant nutritious and medicinal value with rich source of chlorophyll. Chlorophyll resembles with hemoglobin as both are chromo protein. Chemical component of both compounds are nearly same. Also the vital component of wheat grass helps in building hemoglobin in our body. The presence of 70% chlorophyll, which is almost chemically identical to hemoglobin. The only difference is that the central element in chlorophyll is magnesium and in hemoglobin it is iron. Chlorophyll in wheat grass is more useful in various clinical conditions involving hemoglobin deficiency and other chronic disorders ultimately considered as green blood. This study aims to evaluate the effect of wheatgrass fresh juice on hemoglobin level. Here 30 subjects were selected in the study and divided into 3 groups on basis of their hemoglobin level. Group A having Hb%, 13gm% to 16gm%, group B having Hb% 10gm% to 13gm% and group C having Hb% below 10gm%. After 21 days the symptomatic improvement and increase in hemoglobin level in group C was noticed as compared to group A and group B. No significant therapy is there for chronic anaemias in modern science. So an attempt has been made to evaluate the efficacy of wheat grass juice on hemoglobin level in the subjects having normal as well as abnormal hemoglobin level

ASSESSMENT OF BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AMONG ENTRY LEVEL STUDENTS IN A UNDERGRADUATE COLLEGE IN PANVEL, NAVI MUMBAI, INDIA

College life is an important stage for adolescents where they are exposed to stress and lack of time, posing a barrier to adoption of healthy practices. Evaluation of the nutritional status of individuals and population groups is an important tool in public health and a feasible indicator of standards of living. The purpose of the present study was to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity among entry level students in an undergraduate college in Panvel, Navi Mumbai. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect and record information on age, sex, height in meters and weight in kilograms. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated by the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters (kg/m2). Of the total 264 students participated in the study, 128 (48.48%) were male and 136 (51.52%) were female. The result showed that the average height, weight and BMI recorded in the present study was 1.62±0.093 m (range 1.42-1.82 m), 50.75±11.976 kg (range 31-100 kg) and 19.322±3.705 kg/m2 (range 13.10-34.00 kg/m2) respectively. Nutritional status of the students under study reveals that 123 (46.591%) students were underweight, 123 (46.591%) were with normal weight, 12 (4.545%) were overweight and 6 (2.273%) were with obesity Class I. More male students are overweight and obese than female students. Also prevalence of significantly higher proportion of underweight in students should not be ignored. The study recommends organization of health promotion programmes to promote healthy styles on diet, physical activity and health. A nutritional education is required in order to eliminate the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Present information could be helpful as a baseline data for further study on prevalence of overweight and obesity among college and University students

Machine Learning Algorithm for Early Detection and Analysis of Brain Tumors Using MRI Images

Among the human body's organs, the brain is the most delicate and specialized. It is proven that after the heart stops then also brain death occurs within 3 to 5 minutes of death or within 3 to 5 minutes of loss of oxygen supply. A brain tumor is a life-threatening disease that can be detected at any age from an infant to an old person. Though a lot of people did research in the detection and analysis of a tumor, but then also detecting tumors at the early phase is still a much more arduous field in the biomedical study. This paper focuses on the comparative study of various existing algorithms in this field. This paper addresses the challenges and some issues in MRI brain tumor detection which are also addressed in this research

Behavioural science principles for scaling-up zero tillage wheat and maize in the Eastern Terai region of Nepal

Farmers have a set of convictions and tend to do what their forefathers had practiced. By identifying their beliefs and designing appropriate ways of upscaling to convince them of new and improved practices, we can improve the adoption of zero tillage technology for maize and wheat. Small and fragmented landholdings that resulted from the cultural system of distributing land to heirs are diverse in their cropping requirements. Moreover, farmers are risk-averse and do not believe easily in new technologies. Traditional extension approaches have not been effective in upscaling these technologies. A new way of thinking based on behavioural science can provide some insights and guidelines for improving the effectiveness of technology adoption. Understanding farmers' socioeconomic circumstances and their decision-making system at the household and society level can help in designing upscaling approaches. Approaches such as capitalising on social bonding, use of established technology leaders, and use of farmers' organizations can improve adoption. Recommended strategies include encouraging a comprehensive contracting system of service provision, using active community influential local leaders in technology expansion, taking group and social identity approaches in technology extension, and capacity building programs for service providers/operators and farmers to help raise confidence and to remove perceived barriers to technology adoption. &nbsp

Hybrid multicriteria fuzzy classification of network traffic patterns, anomalies, and protocols

© 2017, Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature. Traffic classification in computer networks has very significant roles in network operation, management, and security. Examples include controlling the flow of information, allocating resources effectively, provisioning quality of service, detecting intrusions, and blocking malicious and unauthorized access. This problem has attracted a growing attention over years and a number of techniques have been proposed ranging from traditional port-based and payload inspection of TCP/IP packets to supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised machine learning paradigms. With the increasing complexity of network environments and support for emerging mobility services and applications, more robust and accurate techniques need to be investigated. In this paper, we propose a new supervised hybrid machine-learning approach for ubiquitous traffic classification based on multicriteria fuzzy decision trees with attribute selection. Moreover, our approach can handle well the imbalanced datasets and zero-day applications (i.e., those without previously known traffic patterns). Evaluating the proposed methodology on several benchmark real-world traffic datasets of different nature demonstrated its capability to effectively discriminate a variety of traffic patterns, anomalies, and protocols for unencrypted and encrypted traffic flows. Comparing with other methods, the performance of the proposed methodology showed remarkably better classification accuracy

Transitioning from the “Three Delays” to a focus on continuity of care: a qualitative analysis of maternal deaths in rural Pakistan and Mozambique

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Cohort Profile: Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study

The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study was established to assess the prevalence of chronic airflow obstruction, a key characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and its risk factors in adults (≥40 years) from general populations across the world. The baseline study was conducted between 2003 and 2016, in 41 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, the Caribbean and Oceania, and collected high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry from 28 828 participants. The follow-up study was conducted between 2019 and 2021, in 18 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe and the Caribbean. At baseline, there were in these sites 12 502 participants with high-quality spirometry. A total of 6452 were followed up, with 5936 completing the study core questionnaire. Of these, 4044 also provided high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry. On both occasions, the core questionnaire covered information on respiratory symptoms, doctor diagnoses, health care use, medication use and ealth status, as well as potential risk factors. Information on occupation, environmental exposures and diet was also collected