Do global ELT coursebooks promote discriminatory ideologies?

In recent years, global coursebooks – described by Gray as ‘that genre of textbook which is produced as part of an incremental English language course designed for the global market’ (Gray, 2015, p. 1) – have been criticised for various reasons, including a tendency to present uncritically a worldview within their content that does not adequately address the issues of inclusion and representation. The purpose of this presentation was to use findings from a recent study (Brown and Nanguy, 2021) to examine whether such materials are in fact discriminatory in their representation of people with specific characteristics are represented, particularly with regard to the Scottish ESOL context

Global ELT coursebooks and equalities legislation:a critical study

Equalities legislation in the United Kingdom (UK) aims to protect the rights of all residents by identifying nine characteristics that can cause discrimination. This legislation requires institutions offering programmes in English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) to include positive representations of these protected characteristics in their learning content. However, many ESOL programmes draw heavily on global coursebooks—materials published for a global market—which tend to avoid equalities issues. This article describes a study that analyses global coursebooks from this UK equalities perspective, exploring how the characteristics are represented within these resources. Findings appear to suggest that the global coursebooks featured in the study are at odds with UK equalities legislation; rather than promoting diversity and inclusion, they legitimise and endorse the hegemonic normativity that fuels discrimination. We conclude the materials are an inappropriate source of core content for any ESOL programmes seeking to address the equalities agenda

Do Global Coursebooks Promote Discriminatory Ideologies?

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Influence of physiological state on germination of aspergilli and penicilli spores

Les spores ou les conidies fongiques sont responsables de la dissémination des champignons filamenteux dans l'environnement (air, eau, sol,…). Ensuite les spores fongiques peuvent se déposer sur les équipements dans les ateliers de fabrication, sur les matières premières agricoles et sur les aliments. Au laboratoire, les spores sont obtenues en cultivant les champignons filamenteux en conditions optimales en termes de température, activité de l'eau, nutriments, de manière à obtenir le matériel biologique le plus rapidement possible. Or naturellement, lors de la sporulation, les champignons sont soumis à différents stress, notamment hydrique, ce qui entraîne des différences notables dans l'état physiologique de la spore. Ainsi notre objectif durant cette thèse est d’évaluer l’état physiologique des spores lorsqu’elles sont soumises à certaines conditions. Une première partie de la thèse vise à établir un nouveau modèle pour une meilleure détermination du temps de germination. L’étape suivante présente l’évaluation de l’influence du stress hydrique de la sporogénèse à la germination des spores. Les deux dernières parties présentent enfin l’évaluation des conditions de stockage sur la germination des spores. L’état physiologique est un facteur clé dans le processus de germination, il serait opportun de l’intégrer dans les modèles prédictifs de la germination.Fungal spores or conidia are responsible for filamentous fungi spread in environment (air, water, soil…). Then, they can be found on several environments including foods. In laboratory spores are obtained under favorable conditions. However, these conditions are not real, spores are subject to various stress including water stress after their formation. These conditions can make some interactions with their physiological state. Thus, our aim consists in evaluating spores physiological state after their exposition to various conditions of storage. First part of this thesis is about definition of a new model of germination for improving germination time determination. Next step concerns evaluation of water stress during spore’s germination process. The last two parts are finally dedicated to evaluation of storage condtions on spore’s germination time. Physiological state is a key factor in the germination process. It would be appropriate to include this factor in predictive models

Global ELT coursebooks and equalities legislation:a critical study

Equalities legislation in the United Kingdom (UK) aims to protect the rights of all residents by identifying nine characteristics that can cause discrimination. This legislation requires institutions offering programmes in English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) to include positive representations of these protected characteristics in their learning content. However, many ESOL programmes draw heavily on global coursebooks—materials published for a global market—which tend to avoid equalities issues. This article describes a study that analyses global coursebooks from this UK equalities perspective, exploring how the characteristics are represented within these resources. Findings appear to suggest that the global coursebooks featured in the study are at odds with UK equalities legislation; rather than promoting diversity and inclusion, they legitimise and endorse the hegemonic normativity that fuels discrimination. We conclude the materials are an inappropriate source of core content for any ESOL programmes seeking to address the equalities agenda

Influence de l'état physiologique sur la germination de spores appartenant aux genres Aspergillus et Penicillium

Les spores ou les conidies fongiques sont responsables de la dissémination des champignons filamenteux dans l'environnement (air, eau, sol, ). Ensuite les spores fongiques peuvent se déposer sur les équipements dans les ateliers de fabrication, sur les matières premières agricoles et sur les aliments. Au laboratoire, les spores sont obtenues en cultivant les champignons filamenteux en conditions optimales en termes de température, activité de l'eau, nutriments, de manière à obtenir le matériel biologique le plus rapidement possible. Or naturellement, lors de la sporulation, les champignons sont soumis à différents stress, notamment hydrique, ce qui entraîne des différences notables dans l'état physiologique de la spore. Ainsi notre objectif durant cette thèse est d évaluer l état physiologique des spores lorsqu elles sont soumises à certaines conditions. Une première partie de la thèse vise à établir un nouveau modèle pour une meilleure détermination du temps de germination. L étape suivante présente l évaluation de l influence du stress hydrique de la sporogénèse à la germination des spores. Les deux dernières parties présentent enfin l évaluation des conditions de stockage sur la germination des spores. L état physiologique est un facteur clé dans le processus de germination, il serait opportun de l intégrer dans les modèles prédictifs de la germination.Fungal spores or conidia are responsible for filamentous fungi spread in environment (air, water, soil ). Then, they can be found on several environments including foods. In laboratory spores are obtained under favorable conditions. However, these conditions are not real, spores are subject to various stress including water stress after their formation. These conditions can make some interactions with their physiological state. Thus, our aim consists in evaluating spores physiological state after their exposition to various conditions of storage. First part of this thesis is about definition of a new model of germination for improving germination time determination. Next step concerns evaluation of water stress during spore s germination process. The last two parts are finally dedicated to evaluation of storage condtions on spore s germination time. Physiological state is a key factor in the germination process. It would be appropriate to include this factor in predictive models.DIJON-BU Doc.électronique (212319901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Impact of water activity of diverse media on spore germination of Aspergillus and Penicillium species

International audienceThe effects of water activity (aw) of diverse media i/ culture medium for sporogenesis, aw sp ii/ liquid spore suspension medium, aw su and iii/ medium for germination, aw ge, on the germination time tG of Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium expansum were assessed according to a screening matrix at 0.95 and 0.99 aw. It was shown that i/ reduced tGs were obtained at 0.95 aw sp except for P. expansum ii/ a significant effect of aw su on tG was demonstrated for A. carbonarius, P. chrysogenum and P. expansum iii/ the most important factor for controlling the germination time was the medium for germination except for A. carbonarius (aw su). In accordance with the fact that fungal spores can swell as soon as they are suspended in an aqueous solution it is recommended to re-suspend fungal spores in a solution at the same water activity as that of subsequent germination studies