Uptake of home-based voluntary HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Improving access to HIV testing is a key priority in scaling up HIV treatment and prevention services. Home-based voluntary counselling and testing (HBT) as an approach to delivering wide-scale HIV testing is explored here

Microbial ligand costimulation drives neutrophilic steroid-refractory asthma

Funding: The authors thank the Wellcome Trust (102705) and the Universities of Aberdeen and Cape Town for funding. This research was also supported, in part, by National Institutes of Health GM53522 and GM083016 to DLW. KF and BNL are funded by the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, BNL is the recipient of an European Research Commission consolidator grant and participates in the European Union FP7 programs EUBIOPRED and MedALL. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Large-scale associations between the leukocyte transcriptome and BOLD responses to speech differ in autism early language outcome subtypes.

Heterogeneity in early language development in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is clinically important and may reflect neurobiologically distinct subtypes. Here, we identified a large-scale association between multiple coordinated blood leukocyte gene coexpression modules and the multivariate functional neuroimaging (fMRI) response to speech. Gene coexpression modules associated with the multivariate fMRI response to speech were different for all pairwise comparisons between typically developing toddlers and toddlers with ASD and poor versus good early language outcome. Associated coexpression modules were enriched in genes that are broadly expressed in the brain and many other tissues. These coexpression modules were also enriched in ASD-associated, prenatal, human-specific, and language-relevant genes. This work highlights distinctive neurobiology in ASD subtypes with different early language outcomes that is present well before such outcomes are known. Associations between neuroimaging measures and gene expression levels in blood leukocytes may offer a unique in vivo window into identifying brain-relevant molecular mechanisms in ASD

Chinese Consumers: World Systems and World Cultural Analysis of Cultural Hybridity

The rise of China can be considered either the wrench in the gears of most scholars’ interpretations of globalization, or viewed as the new big gear in furthering globalization. Either way, it provides a new and fruitful landscape for examining the effects of integrating into the world-system. China’s entrance into the system was strategically planned and aided along through greater opening to outside and free market influences (Lechner 2009). As such, the changes within the nation have caused reciprocal effects on both China and the western institutions that are infiltrating the once closed society (Gerth 2010). Although the driving forces for most of the changes are based on economic reasons (acceptance of semi-free markets), changes in culture, ideology, and lifestyle are also occurring. This makes China a unique case study for understanding the impact of integration into the world system and the effects on attitudes and cultural values

The Paramount Series

"The purpose of this series is an investigation into the relationships between the figure and its setting in portraiture. Using photography as a primary reference, I will create six paintings, which demonstrate my interest in motion and distortion of the figure in contrast to a static, rigid environment."--Abstract from author supplied metadat

Without Force: Examining Voluntary Compliance in Police/Citizen Encounters

Law enforcement officers in the U. S. are granted the legal authority to issue commands to citizens and to compel citizen compliance through legal sanction, arrest, and even physical force. This research examines compliance interactions between police officers and citizens to examine the factors that are influential in producing voluntary compliance from citizens to officer commands. Findings are based on content analyses of 250 officer/citizen interactions captured by police cruiser mounted video systems used by police departments in two North Carolina cities. The influence of 31 factors on citizen compliance, suggested primarily by the theories of Social Interactionism and Judgmental Heuristics, were analyzed using Ordinal Logistic Regression. Six factors were shown to have a significant effect upon citizen's degree of compliance, including: citizen emotionality, initiation of the interaction, officer use of threats, citizen initial compliance, officer respect for citizen, and department-type of the officer involved. The implications for further research are discussed, as well as the potential usefulness of "dash cam" footage from police cruiser mounted video systems for further sociological research

Impact of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid on interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 and adipogenic genes in cultures of human adipose tissue explants

"Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, currently ranking second among causes of preventable deaths. Our research group has shown in cultures of differentiated human adipocytes that 30 uM trans-10, cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) increases IL-6 and IL-8 secretion into the media and lowers mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR). Human adipose tissue explants were incubated with either vehicle or 30 uM trans-10, cis-12 CLA for 8, 24, or 72 h. Trans-10, cis-12 CLA treatment increased IL-6 and IL-8 secretion into the media (p < 0.05). Trans-10, cis-12 CLA treatment also increased the mRNA levels of IL-6 and IL-8 (p < 0.05) while having no significant effect on PPARg or PPARg targets. These data demonstrate for the first time that CLA induces IL-6 and IL-8 gene expression and protein secretion in cultures of human subcutaneous adipose tissue explants"-Abstract from author supplied metadata

The once lived life

"This collection of poetry represents the body of work completed during my tenure at The University of North Carolina Greensboro."--Abstract from author supplied metadata

Perón’s Political Radio Melodrama: Peronism and Radio Culture 1920-1955

Juan Domingo Perón casts a long shadow on the history of Argentine politics from the 1940s to today. What made Perón so successful was his use of identity politics, specifically focusing on the lower, working class groups as a kind of political base. The radio played a unique role in Perón’s presidency, due to the leader’s reliance on cultural symbols audience members knew, entertainers who were household names, and rhetoric that was a part of a larger Argentine national identity. The tango and the folklore movements were intertwined and demonstrated cultural divisions within Argentine culture. Perón was able to utilize the populist language that was on the radio to enable his rise to power. After winning the presidential election in 1946, Perón incorporated radio stations to consolidate his political power. By the early 1950s, Perón’s propaganda machine effectively used radio to the maximum extent to gain political power. Beginning in 1953, a series of radio missteps meant that Perón’s power started to diminish as oppositional groups gained access to the radio. Radio then became a tool for the destabilization of Perón’s government and led directly to his exile from Argentina in 1955

Letter from Josefina Niggli to her family – October 12, 1935

Josefina María Niggli was in Monterrey, Mexico on July 13, 1910, but her family fled to Texas when violence emerged during the Mexican Revolution. Her family stayed roving back and forth across the border for many years and Josefina was home-schooled for the majority of her primary school years. She and her mother eventually established a new home in San Antonio, Texas when Josefina was fifteen where she went on to complete high school and pursue a higher education while her father stayed in Mexico “until near the time of his death”. Niggli would continue making visits to Mexico, but America was her country of residence starting in 1925 (Martinez 7-8)