Utility of the United Kingdom National Health Services Breast Screening Program Diagnostic Protocol in Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology with Cell Block Preparation in Cases of Palpable Breast Lumps: A Reliable, Fast, and Accurate Diagnostic Method for the Assessment of Breast Lumps with Histopathologic Correlation

Introduction: A palpable breast lump is a common diagnostic problem for clinicians and surgeons. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has many advantages such as less cost, less sample processing time, less pain, less chance of hematoma, and less discomfort. FNAC with cell block preparation further increased both sensitivity and specificity by nearly 100%. With the cell block preparation, we can also use newer tests like estrogen receptor–progesterone receptor–human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Aims: The aim of this study was to derive conclusions about the correlation, including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (NPVs), and the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC, with or without cell blocks, compared to the final histopathology in cases of palpable breast masses. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted after getting approval from the Human Ethics Research Committee from January 2018 to December 2019, which included 65 patients. Patients diagnosed clinically for breast lumps who underwent diagnostic FNAC with cell block, followed by a histopathological examination at our hospital, were included in the study. Results: FNAC without cell block sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), NPV, efficiency rate, and diagnostic accuracy are 91.3%, 100%, 100%, 90.1%, 86.2%, and 96.5%, respectively. FNAC with cell block sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, efficiency rate, and diagnostic accuracy are all 100%. All of our results beat the standard estimate. Conclusions: Fine-needle aspiration cytology is a patient-friendly, easy, reliable, repeatable, and simple diagnostic test. Whenever it is combined with cell block preparation, improves the accuracy of FNAC diagnosis which is more accurate and comparable to golden-standard biopsy with histopathology examination

Histopathological and Clinical Evaluation of Non Neoplastic Intestinal Lesions: A Cross-sectional Prospective Study in a Quaternary Care Centre, Gujarat, India

Introduction: Small and large intestines are major portion of gastrointestinal tract. So many benign, malignant and congenital disorders arise from there. Benign causes, mainly include inflammatory and infectious disorders. Colon is the most common site for gastrointestinal neoplasia in western populations. Aim: To find out the pattern, frequency and site of non neoplastic lesions affecting intestine with intention that clinicians of this region can be responsive of its incidence. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was done at a quaternary care centre from June 2017-October 2019. Total 150 cases were studied, out of those 125 were benign and 25 were malignant cases. Patients of all ages were included with sign and symptoms of intestinal lesions. Results: Majority of specimens were bowel resection 130 (86.7%) and remaining were endoscopic biopsy 20 (13.3%). Majority of lesions were inflammatory lesions (73.34%) followed by malignant lesions (16.66%). Congenital and benign lesions were less common (6% and 4%). Non neoplastic lesions 125 (83.33%) were more common than neoplastic lesions 25 (16.67%). 65.33% lesions were in small intestine and cecum and 34.67% were in colon and rectum. Non specific inflammation was most common type (47.90%). Hirsprung’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis lesions were least common (1.69% and 3.36%) in present study. examination of specimens which are associated with clinical data helps to reach at definite goal and can improve quality of life of the patient.</jats:p