Optical Coefficients and PL Spectra with Variation in Ga-content in GaSeTe Thin Films: Visible Spectrum

The optical properties (transmission and emission) for Ga[x]Se[85 – x]Te[15](x = 0, 2, 6, 10, 15) semiconductor were studied using UV Visible spectra and PL Spectra of thermally evaporated thin films. Optical band gap is found to be decreasing with increased Ga-content in the compositions. Increase in refractive index, dielectric constants and absorption coefficient is observed in the wavelength region 550-850 nm.The fall in the optical band gap is explained with chemical bond approach and electro negativity. The increase in refractive index (n) is interpreted in association to the mean coordination number and cohesive energy. Direct band gap is found to be allowed in these thin films

Fundamental of Synchrotron Radiations

Synchrotron radiations are emerging as a real-time probing tool for the wide range of applied sciences. Synchrotron radiations have unique properties because of their high brilliance, collimations, broad energy spectrum, and coherence power that break the limits to characterize the material properties than previous laboratory-based tabletop sources. The third-generation synchrotron light sources are capable of producing 1012 times higher brilliance than laboratory-based sources using insertion devices. In this chapter, the fundamental aspects of synchrotron radiations and their generation process have been discussed. The effect of insertion devices and the double-crystal monochromator (DCM) toward the X-ray beam optics has been also discussed

Antihypertensive Drugs - Ayurvedic Perspective

Hypertension is a very common disorder, particularly in past middle age. It is not a disease in itself, but is an important risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. According to WHO, it is above 140/90 mmHg. An estimated 1.28 billion adults aged 30-79 years worldwide have hypertension. American Association of Heart mentioned that normal blood pressure is less than 120 mmHg systolic and less than 80 mmHg diastolic. Epidemiological studies have confirmed that higher the pressure (systolic or diastolic or both) greater is the risk of cardiovascular disease. The principal focus of Ayurveda is on maintaining good health and adopting a healthy way of life. There is no description of such a single disease which can resemble with hypertension. It can be correlated with Vata Pradhaan Tridoshaj Vyadhi, Raktabhaar, Uchharaktachapa etc and involves dhatus like Rasa and Rakta and gets influenced by Mana. Our ancient science has provided us various drugs which influences the pressure of the blood. These drugs has directly or indirectly role in curing HTN for example Sarpagandha, Jatamansi, Rudraksh, Ashawgandha etc. which should be analysed by the physician clinically. This article would help future researchers and clinicians for administrating these drugs in different forms clinically and help further researches.  There are specific alkaloids present in these drugs which influence different centres resulting in decrease in the Blood pressure. The present work deals with enhancing the role of Ayurvedic drugs and promoting more natural ways of treatment

Electrical properties of a-antimony selenide

This paper reports conduction mechanism in a-\sbse over a wide range of temperature (238K to 338K) and frequency (5Hz to 100kHz). The d.c. conductivity measured as a function of temperature shows semiconducting behaviour with activation energy $\Delta$E= 0.42 eV. Thermally induced changes in the electrical and dielectric properties of a-\sbse have been examined. The a.c. conductivity in the material has been explained using modified CBH model. The band conduction and single polaron hopping is dominant above room temperature. However, in the lower temperature range the bipolaron hopping dominates.Comment: 9 pages (RevTeX, LaTeX2e), 9 psfigures, also at http://pu.chd.nic.in/ftp/pub/san16 e-mail: gautam%[email protected]

Traditional and medicinal use of Barbaloin: potential for the management of various diseases

Barbaloin is the phytoconstituent which is obtained from the plant known as aloe vera.  As we all know aloe vera is the main curative medicinal plants, has been traditionally used as alternative treatment against the many skin diseases. Barbaloin extracted from the aloe vera plant which is physically light yellow colored powder. Extraction of barbaloin from the plant Aloe barbadensis Miller had been accomplished by the Soxhelt extraction, Batch extraction experiment and Ultrasound assisted extraction method (UAE). Barbaloin showed various kinds of therapeutic and medicinal properties like anti-diabetic, antioxidants, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and and anti-microbial. It also has good effect on cardiovascular system, test perception, enzyme or metabolism and bioavailability. Our Skin plays an important role in the development of skin diseases because there are many types of skin disorders are developed and the variety of disorders may result to dermatitis or they affect the social wellbeing of a person. Due to their good pharmacological activities, Barbaloin have great potential to treat the different type of skin disorders like Eczema, Psoriasis, Burns and wound, Acne, Dandruff, Frostbite, Rashes, Cold sores, Razor burn and Sunburn. To access the effective use of barbaloin there are various attempts have been experimented on the subject of their Pharmacological activities to check their effect on skin disease and the steps regarding the Isolation of barbaloin also has been made. We can examine their effects on chronic skin diseases. In this review article we discuss about the potential of barbaloin on skin disorders, medicinal importance or Pharmacological activities and their methods of extraction

Ferromagnetism in Multiferroic BaTiO₃, Spinel MFe₂O₄ (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Zn) Ferrite and DMS ZnO Nanostructures

Multiferroic magnetoelectric material has significance for new design nano-scale spintronic devices. In single-phase multiferroic BaTiO3, the magnetism occurs with doping of transition metals, TM ions, which has partially filled d-orbitals. Interestingly, the magnetic ordering is strongly related with oxygen vacancies, and thus, it is thought to be a source of ferromagnetism of TM:BaTiO3. The nanostructural MFe2O4 (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, etc.) ferrite has an inverse spinel structure, for which M2+ ions in octahedral site and Fe3+ ions are equally distributed between tetrahedral and octahedral sites. These antiparallel sub-lattices (cations M2+ and Fe3+ occupy either tetrahedral or octahedral sites) are coupled with O2- ion due to superexchange interaction to form ferrimagnetic structure. Moreover, the future spintronic technologies using diluted magnetic semiconductors, DMS materials might have realized ferromagnetic origin. A simultaneous doping from TM and rare earth ions in ZnO nanoparticles could increase the antiferromagnetic ordering to achieve high-Tc ferromagnetism. The role of the oxygen vacancies as the dominant defects in doped ZnO that must involve bound magnetic polarons as the origin of ferromagnetism

Association of Endovascular Thrombectomy vs Medical Management With Functional and Safety Outcomes in Patients Treated Beyond 24 Hours of Last Known Well: The SELECT Late Study

IMPORTANCE: The role of endovascular thrombectomy is uncertain for patients presenting beyond 24 hours of the time they were last known well. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate functional and safety outcomes for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) vs medical management in patients with large-vessel occlusion beyond 24 hours of last known well. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective observational cohort study enrolled patients between July 2012 and December 2021 at 17 centers across the United States, Spain, Australia, and New Zealand. Eligible patients had occlusions in the internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery (M1 or M2 segment) and were treated with EVT or medical management beyond 24 hours of last known well. INTERVENTIONS: Endovascular thrombectomy or medical management (control). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary outcome was functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2). Mortality and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) were safety outcomes. Propensity score (PS)-weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were adjusted for prespecified clinical characteristics, perfusion parameters, and/or Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and were repeated in subsequent 1:1 PS-matched cohorts. RESULTS: Of 301 patients (median [IQR] age, 69 years [59-81]; 149 female), 185 patients (61%) received EVT and 116 (39%) received medical management. In adjusted analyses, EVT was associated with better functional independence (38% vs control, 10%; inverse probability treatment weighting adjusted odds ratio [IPTW aOR], 4.56; 95% CI, 2.28-9.09; P \u3c .001) despite increased odds of sICH (10.1% for EVT vs 1.7% for control; IPTW aOR, 10.65; 95% CI, 2.19-51.69; P = .003). This association persisted after PS-based matching on (1) clinical characteristics and ASPECTS (EVT, 35%, vs control, 19%; aOR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.02-9.72; P = .047); (2) clinical characteristics and perfusion parameters (EVT, 35%, vs control, 17%; aOR, 4.17; 95% CI, 1.15-15.17; P = .03); and (3) clinical characteristics, ASPECTS, and perfusion parameters (EVT, 45%, vs control, 21%; aOR, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.04-18.53; P = .04). Patients receiving EVT had lower odds of mortality (26%) compared with those in the control group (41%; IPTW aOR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27-0.89; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study of treatment beyond 24 hours of last known well, EVT was associated with higher odds of functional independence compared with medical management, with consistent results obtained in PS-matched subpopulations and patients with presence of mismatch, despite increased odds of sICH. Our findings support EVT feasibility in selected patients beyond 24 hours. Prospective studies are warranted for confirmation