Obraz duševních onemocnění v tištěných médiích ve třech středoevropských zemích

Pro veřejnost představují média nejdůležitější zdroj informací o duševních onemocněních. Je známo, že mediální prezentace lidí s duševními poruchami jsou často negativní a přispívají tak k jejich stigmatizaci. Na druhou stranu, média mohou hrát významnou roli při snižování míry stigmatizace, a to poskytováním adekvátních informací o tomto tématu a zapojováním se do antistigmatizačních kampaní. Až dosud nebyl vyvinut žádný standardizovaný nástroj k měření stigmatizace duševních onemocnění v tištěných médiích, který by používal operacionalizované definice. V rámci našeho projektu jsme si stanovili dva cíle: a) vytvoření standardizovaného a objektivního nástroje k měření stigmatizace duševních onemocnění v tištěných médiích, b) provedení analýzy obsahu mediálních sdělení o duševních onemocněních ve vztahu ke stigmatizaci v českém, chorvatském a slovenském tisku. Vytvoření nástroje "Picture of Mental Illness in Newspapers" (PICMIN) bylo založeno na principech obsahové analýzy, což je výzkumná technika umožňující vyvozování platných a replikovatelných závěrů z textu. Uvedený nástroj se skládá z jedenácti popisných a pěti analytických kategorií. V rámci naší studie jsme došli k těmto závěrům: ve všech třech zemích bylo zjištěno vysoké zastoupení článků se stigmatizujícím obsahem, v četnosti uvádění...Media are considered to be the public's primary source of information regarding mental illness. Evidence suggests that media representations of people with psychiatric disorders are frequently negative and contribute to their stigmatization. On the other hand, media can play an important role in reducing this stigmatisation by providing adequate information about this topic and engaging in antistigma campaigns. Up to now there was no standardised measurement of the stigma of mental illness in print media using clearly operationalized definitions. The objectives of this project were twofold; to develop a standardised and objective instrument to measure stigma of mental illness in print media; and to conduct an analysis of the current coverage on mental health/illness issues in Czech, Croatian, and Slovak print media. The development of the Picture of Mental Illness in Newspapers (PICMIN) instrument was based on the principles of content analysis, a research technique for making replicable and valid inferences from text to the kontext in their use. The instrument consists of eleven descriptive and five analytical categories. The most interesting findings based on the analysis of media representations of mental illness were; a similarly high level of stigmatizing articles across countries, clearly...Psychiatrická klinika 1. LF UK a VFNDepartment of Psychiatry First Faculty of Medicine and General University HospitalFirst Faculty of Medicine1. lékařská fakult

Improving risk management for violence in mental health services: a multimethods approach

contractual_start_date: 07-2008 editorial_review_begun: 07-2014 accepted_for_publication: 06-2015contractual_start_date: 07-2008 editorial_review_begun: 07-2014 accepted_for_publication: 06-2015contractual_start_date: 07-2008 editorial_review_begun: 07-2014 accepted_for_publication: 06-2015contractual_start_date: 07-2008 editorial_review_begun: 07-2014 accepted_for_publication: 06-201

The picture of mental illness in the print media in three central European countries

Media are considered to be the public's primary source of information regarding mental illness. Evidence suggests that media representations of people with psychiatric disorders are frequently negative and contribute to their stigmatization. On the other hand, media can play an important role in reducing this stigmatisation by providing adequate information about this topic and engaging in antistigma campaigns. Up to now there was no standardised measurement of the stigma of mental illness in print media using clearly operationalized definitions. The objectives of this project were twofold; to develop a standardised and objective instrument to measure stigma of mental illness in print media; and to conduct an analysis of the current coverage on mental health/illness issues in Czech, Croatian, and Slovak print media. The development of the Picture of Mental Illness in Newspapers (PICMIN) instrument was based on the principles of content analysis, a research technique for making replicable and valid inferences from text to the kontext in their use. The instrument consists of eleven descriptive and five analytical categories. The most interesting findings based on the analysis of media representations of mental illness were; a similarly high level of stigmatizing articles across countries, clearly..

Report from the Congress: Future of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Training – 19th European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees Forum in Prague

Article without abstract

Violence in persons with and without psychosis in the Czech Republic: risk and protective factors

Martin Černý,1,2 Sheilagh Hodgins,3 Radmila Kučíková,2,4 Ladislav Kážmér,5 Alena Lambertová,1 Alexander Nawka,1 Lucie Nawková,1 Anna Parzelka,1 Jiří Raboch,1 Petr Bob,1 Jan Vevera1,6–8 1Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; 2Department of Psychiatry, Teaching Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic; 3Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Département de Psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; 4Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice, Prague, Czech Republic; 5Center for Epidemiological and Clinical Research in Addictions, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; 67th Field Hospital, Czech Armed Forces, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; 7Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; 8Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Purpose: To prevent violence among persons with psychosis, further knowledge of the correlates and risk factors is needed. These risk factors may vary by nation. Patients and methods: This study examined factors associated with violent assaults in 158 patients with psychosis and in a matched control sample of 158 adults without psychosis in the Czech Republic. Participants completed interviews and questionnaires to confirm diagnoses, report on aggressive behavior, current and past victimization, and substance use. Additional information was collected from collateral informants and clinical files. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify factors that were independently associated with committing an assault in past 6 months. Results: The presence of a psychotic disorder was associated with an increased risk of assaults (OR =3.80; 95% CI 2.060–7.014). Additional risk factors in persons with and without psychosis included recent physical victimization (OR =7.09; 95% CI 3.922–12.819), childhood maltreatment (OR =3.15; 95% CI 1.877–5.271), the level of drug use (OR =1.13; 95% CI 1.063–1.197), and the level of alcohol use (OR =1.04; 95% CI 1.000–1.084). Increasing age (OR =0.96; 95% CI 0.942–0.978) and employment (OR =0.30; 95% CI 0.166–0.540) were protective factors. Except for drug use, which appeared to have greater effect on violence in the group without psychosis, there were no major differences between patients and controls in these risk and protective factors. To our knowledge, this is the first published comparison of assault predictors between schizophrenia patients and matched controls. Conclusion: Recent physical victimization was the strongest predictor of assaults. Our findings are consistent with the emerging empirical evidence pointing to the very important role of victimization in eliciting violent behavior by the victims. Some current prediction instruments may underestimate the risk of violent behavior as they take little account of current victimization. Although psychosis per se elevates the risk of violence, other risk and protective factors for violence in persons with psychosis and comparison group are largely similar. Keywords: schizophrenia, psychosis, violence, victimization, ris