Heteroclinic path to spatially localized chaos in pipe flow

In shear flows at transitional Reynolds numbers, localized patches of turbulence, known as puffs, coexist with the laminar flow. Recently, Avila et al., Phys. Rev. Let. 110, 224502 (2013) discovered two spatially localized relative periodic solutions for pipe flow, which appeared in a saddle-node bifurcation at low speeds. Combining slicing methods for continuous symmetry reduction with Poincar\'e sections for the first time in a shear flow setting, we compute and visualize the unstable manifold of the lower-branch solution and show that it contains a heteroclinic connection to the upper branch solution. Surprisingly this connection even persists far above the bifurcation point and appears to mediate puff generation, providing a dynamical understanding of this phenomenon.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Economic Efficiency and Growth: Evidence from Brazil, China, and India

We compare economic efficiencies in Brazil, India, and China, where economic efficiency measures the gap between potential and actual output for a given input combination and technological factor. We use stochastic production frontier models to measure the contributions of factors of production and technology to growth and estimate non-positive error terms that capture production inefficiencies in each country. The results suggest that China and India had relatively inefficient production in the early 1980s but have since improved production efficiency substantially. In the same period, production efficiency in Brazil has declined somewhat from relatively high initial levels and the gap between production efficiency between these countries has narrowed substantially, supporting more rapid growth in China and India relative to Brazil.growth, trade, production

Geometry of transient chaos in streamwise-localized pipe flow turbulence

In pipes and channels, the onset of turbulence is initially dominated by localized transients, which lead to sustained turbulence through their collective dynamics. In the present work, we study the localized turbulence in pipe flow numerically and elucidate a state space structure that gives rise to transient chaos. Starting from the basin boundary separating laminar and turbulent flow, we identify transverse homoclinic orbits, the presence of which necessitates a homoclinic tangle and chaos. A direct consequence of the homoclinic tangle is the fractal nature of the laminar-turbulent boundary, which was conjectured in various earlier studies. By mapping the transverse intersections between the stable and unstable manifold of a periodic orbit, we identify the 'gateways' that promote an escape from turbulence.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Fluids as a Rapid Communicatio

PENERAPAN MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI IPS-2 SMA PGII-2 BANDUNG

Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dalam pembelajaran Geografi di kelas XI IPS-2 SMA PGII 2 Bandung, minat belajar peserta didik dapat dilihat dari indikator minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran geografi masih tergolong rendah. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan tidak antusiasnya siswa selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Siswa terlihat pasif, sulit memahami materi geografi, banyak siswa yang melakukan aktivitas lain seperti mengobrol dan juga kesempatan bertanya kurang dimanfaatkan oleh siswa. Pembelajaran yang monoton dari waktu ke waktu, guru yang kurang bisa menarik perhatian peserta didik sehingga minat belajar berkurang. Kemudian juga dibuktikan dengan adanya indikasi bahwa, peserta didik berperilaku yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan atau etika kelas. Seperti mengobrol dengan teman, tidur, melamun dan sebagainya. Untuk meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik dibutuhkan media pembelajaran yang tepat. Untuk itu penulis menggunakan media Audiovisual untuk meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik. Dengan demikian penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik dengan menggunakan media Audiovisual kelas XI IPS-2 SMA PGII-2 BANDUNG dengan jumlah peserta didik 25 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan design penelitian tindakan kelas model John Elliot terdiri dari 3 tindakan. Setiap tindakan terdiri dari tahapan perancanaan, tahapan pelaksanaan, tahapan pengamatan, dan refleksi. Instrument penelitian yang digunakan lembar observasi pesertra didik dan lembar observasi guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) Penerapan media audiovisual dalam pembelajaran geografi pada kelas XI IPS-2 SMA PGII 2 Bandung berjalan efektif. Ditunjukkan adanya peningkatan aspek perhatian, perasaan senang, ketertarikan dan keterlibatan dalam pembelajaran geografi. (2) Pada tindakan pertama, minat belajar peserta didik kurang baik dalam hal perhatian, perasaan senang, ketertarikan dan keterlibatan dalam diskusi mencapai 48,4% dan terdapat 1 orang peserta didik yang antusias dan sudah menunjukkan minat belajar. Pada tindakan kedua mengalami peningkatan 20 orang peserta didik atau sekitar mencapai 81% dan pada tindakan ketiga hampir seluruh peserta didik sangat antusias dan mempunyai minat belajar yang tinggi dalam pembelajaran yaitu 23 orang peserta didik atau sekitar 91,63% dari 25 peserta didik yang hadir. (3) Dalam penerapan media audiovisual untuk meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPS-2 SMA PGII-2 Bandung tidak terlepas dari beberapa kendala. Beberapa kendala yang dihadapi baik dari guru maupun peserta didik, diantaranya: guru kurang mampu dalam memanfaatkan waktu yang dibutuhkan dalam penerapan media audiovisual menyesuaikan dengan video yang ditayangkan; guru belum terbiasa menerapkan media audiovisual; dan suasana kelas yang belum kondusif dimana antusias kemudaian perhatian peserta kurang didik pada saat penayangan video yang terlalu panjang dan kurang menarik. Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa penerapan media Audiovisual dalam pembelajaran geografi dapat meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik. Based on the observation in their experiences in the geography of IPS-2 SMA PGII-2 Bandung, interest to students can be seen from the interest in studying geography students at the still classified as low. This is demonstrated by not partly students during the learning process takes place. Students look passive, difficult to understand subject matter of geography, many students do activities such as chat and also the opportunity to ask underutilized by students. Learning which is monotonous from time to time , teachers who can draw less attention so that participants reduced the interest of students learning .Then also evidenced by an indication that , students who do not behave in accordance with regulation or ethics class. Such as chatting with friends , sleep , daydreaming and forth .To increase the interest students study participants needed media the right lessons .For that the author of the use of audiovisual media to increase interest in learning school tuition. Thus, this research aims to increase interest in learning the learners by using Audiovisual media class XI IPS-2 SMA PGII-2 BANDUNG with the number of learners 25 people. The design is using the models john was the class consists of three measures. The act of comprising the planning, the stage the observation, and the reflections. Instrument used in the research observation the students and teachers sheets observation. The research results showed that (1) the application of audiovisual media in learning geography in class XI IPS-2 SMA PGII 2 Bandung is running effectively. Indicated an increase in aspects of attention, the feeling of love, attraction and engagement in learning geography. (2) in the first act , interest learn school tuition less both in terms of attention , a feeling of delight , their interest and involvement in the discussions reached 48.4 % and there are 1 people students enthusiastic and had already showing interest learn .To the action of both increased 20 people school tuition or about reached 81 % and to the action of third almost all school tuition very enthusiastic and had a passion learn that is high in learning namely 23 people school tuition or about 91,63 % of 25 students present. (3) the increase in the audiovisual media interest in the class learned a student of SMA PGII-2 XI IPS-2 Bandung not apart from a few problems. Several problems facing the efforts of the teachers and students, they are poor, they are needed in the use of the audiovisual media, with their video aired form audiovisual media, teachers do not get used to the class; not conducive the next attention to the lack of enthusiasm on the movie screenings as long as it is interesting. Thus, it was concluded that the implementation of the audiovisual media interest in studying geography able to increase the student

Anadolu Hisarı

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 69-Anadolu Hisarıİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

PENGARUH KETIMPANGAN GENDER TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

ABSTRAKJudul : Pengaruh Ketimpangan Gender Terhadap PertumbuhanEkonomi di IndnesiaNama : Lisa NazmiNIM : 1401101010073Fak./Jurusan : Ekonomi dan Bisnis/ Ekonomi PembangunanDosenPembimbing : Dr. Abd Jamal, S.E., M.SiDalam penelitian ini, bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketimpangan gender terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia tahun 2010-2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan metode penelitian deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Teknik analisa data yang sesuai dengan rumusan masalah dan tujuan masalah adalah analisis regresi berganda. Berdasarkan hasil regresi berganda dengan data time series menunjukkan bahwa variabel IPM memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, sedangkan IPG tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Variabel IPM dan IPG berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.Kata kunci: IPG, IPM, dan Pertumbuhan Ekonom

Bridge dictionary concepts and examples in Turkish

Anadolu coğrafyasının kültürel zenginliklerinden bir tanesi de birçok etnik grubun bir arada yaşamasıdır: Türkler, Araplar, Arnavutlar, Boşnaklar, Çerkezler, Ermeniler, Gürcüler, Hemşinliler, Kürtler, Lazlar, Pomaklar, Romanlar, Rumlar, Süryaniler, Yahudiler ve Zazalar. Her etnik grubun kendine ait bir anadili olduğu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bu coğrafyanın zenginliği bir kez daha ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bölgede yaşayan etnik gruplar yaşadıkları ülkenin resmi dili itibariyle Türkçe konuşmak ve yazmak gerekliliğinin yanında kendi sosyal çevrelerinde anadillerini de kullanmaya devam etmektedirler. Bu etnik gruplar, dillerini korumak ve devamlılığını sağlamak, bunun yanı sıra diğer etnik gruplara dillerini öğretmek amacıyla kendi dillerinin sözlüğünü hazırlama gereği duymuşlardır. Doğal olarak bu tarz bir sözlüğün bir diğer grup tarafından anlaşılabilmesi için en az iki dilli olması gerekir. Ülkemizin resmi dilinin Türkçe olmasından ve herkes tarafından bilinmesinden dolayı bu sözlüklerin dillerinden bir tanesi Türkçedir. Dşte burada Türkçenin köprü dil görevi üstlendiği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı yeni bir terim olarak karşımıza çıkan köprü sözlük (bridgedictionary) kavramını açıklamak ve Türkçenin köprü dil görevi üstlendiği köprü sözlükleri ortaya koymaktır.One of theculturalwealthes of Anatolia geography is livingtogether of manyethnicgroups. Turks, Arabs, Albanians, Bosnians, Circassianns, Armenians, Georgians, Hamshenies, Kurds, Lazcas, Pomaks, theRomany, Rums, SyriacChristians, JewsandZazas. When it is consideredthateachethnicgroup has nativelanguage, it showswealth of thisgeographyuponceagain. Ethnicgroupsliving in theregiongo on speakingtheirparentlanguages in theirsocialenvironmentalongside of necessitywritingandspeaking in Turkish as officiallanguage of country. These ethnic groups have needed for gloss graphy for their languages with the aim of keeping and providing continuancealsoteachingtotheotherethnicgroupstheirownlanguages. Naturally, such a formeddictionaryshouldhavebi-lingualso as to be understandablebytheotherethnicgroups. As ourcountry’sofficiallanguage is Turkishandknownbyallthepeople in thecountry ,one of thelanguages of dictionary is Turkish. Here it is seenthatTurkish is a bridgelanguage. Aim of ourstudy is to define bridgedictionaryconceptwhich is a newtermandtorevealbridgedictionary on whichTurkishtakes a bridgelanguagetask

PENERAPAN METODE CARD SORT DALAM PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA BAHASA JEPANG : Penelitian Eksperimen Terhadap Siswa Kelas XI IPA SMA Pasundan 2 Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014

ABSTRAK Kosakata merupakan salah satu unsur dalam pembelajaran bahasa yang memegang peranan penting dan sangat berpengaruh dalam berkomunikasi sehingga dapat menunjang keberhasilan dan kemudahan dalam mempelajari bahasa Asing, khususnya bahasa Jepang. Ternyata keadaan di lapangan bertolak belakang dengan fakta bahwa komunikasi berperan penting dalam mempelajari bahasa Asing. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan metode pembelajaran yang dapat mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan cara menerapkan metode Card Sort pada pembelajaran bahasa Jepang. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode Card Sort terhadap penguasaan kosakata peserta didik dan untuk mengetahui tanggapan peserta didik mengenai metode Card Sort dalam meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Jepang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa tes dan angket. Sampel penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI IPA 4 dan kelas XI IPA 3 SMA Pasundan 2 Bandung sebanyak 88 orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian, maka diperoleh nilai rata-rata peserta didik sebelum diterapkannya metode Card Sort dalam pembelajaran kosakata bahasa Jepang adalah 6,2 dan setelah diterapkannya metode Card Sort tersebut, terdapat perbedaan nilai menjadi 8,1. Dengan menggunakan perhitungan komparatif, nilai t hitung lebih besar dari nilai t tabel yaitu 1,996,25 2,63. Hal ini berarti terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Selain itu, dari hasil angket diketahui bahwa sebagian besar responden memberikan tanggapan positif mengenai penerapan metode Card Sort. Dengan demikian, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan metode Card Sort dapat meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Jepang. ABSTRACT Vocabulary is one of essential elements in language instructional process that has significant role in communication aspect for facilitating the easiness in learning foreign language; especially japanese language. In reality and implementation, the fact is not promising. Communication aspect is still not well-developed; therefore effective method by utilizing Card Sort is required to cope this problem. Reserach aims to investigate the effect of Card Sort method towards vocabulary comprehension and to illustrate students’ repsonse towards Card Sort method in improving Japanese vocabulary. Research is designed based on experimental method by implemeting test and non-test instruments in form of questionnaire. Sample is chosen based on random sampling (n = 88) at two science classes grade XI 3 and 4 of Pasundan 2 Bandung High School. Result shows that there is improvement of average score after Card Sort is implemented; with the score differences of 5.9 compared to conventional method. Comparative statistical calculation show that t calculation is higher than t table at value of 1.992.63 that describes significance differences between treatment and control group. This result is in accordance with students’ postive response towards Card Sort implementation. It can be inferred that Card Sort implementation can improve students’ Japanese vocabulary comprehension

Jön Türklerin fikir dünyası

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 31-Mardin Ailesiİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033