Sequence Stratigraphy and Onlap History of the Donets Basin, Ukraine: Insight into Carboniferous Icehouse Dynamics

The degree to which Permo-Carboniferous cyclothemic successions archive evidence for long-term variations in ice volume during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age is insufficiently resolved. Here we develop the sequence stratigraphy and onlap-offlap history for a 33-my interval of the Carboniferous using the U-Pb calibrated succession of the Donets Basin, Ukraine, in order to assess the relationship between sea-level, high-latitude changes in glacial extent, and climate. Integrated subsurface and outcrop data permit meter-scale correlation of 242 biostratigraphically constrained limestones and coals, and in turn individual cyclothems, across ~250 km of the Donets Basin. Rapid uniform subsidence and basinwide continuity of marker beds indicate Pennsylvanian deposition under relatively stable tectonic conditions. Three scales of sequences (avg. durations of ~140 ky, ~480 ky and 1.6 my) are recognized on the basis of stratigraphic stacking patterns and basinwide architecture of marine to terrestrial facies assemblages. The hierarchy of sequences and the geographic and stratigraphic positions of shifts in base-level sensitive facies across the Donets ramp permit the construction of an onlap-offlap history at a sub-400 ky scale. Major sea-level lowstands occur across the mid-Carboniferous boundary and during the early Moscovian. These lowstands coincide with glacial maxima inferred from high-latitude glacigenic deposits. The middle to late Pennsylvanian is characterized by a stepwise onlap, culminating in an earliest Gzhelian highstand, suggesting contraction of Carboniferous ice sheets prior to the initiation of Early Permian glaciation. The stratigraphic position of climate sensitive facies within individual Donets cyclothems indicates a turnover from seasonal sub-humid or semi-arid climate to everwet conditions during the late lowstand and maximum ice sheet accumulation. Comparison of the stratigraphic and aerial distribution of coals and evaporites in the Donets Basin with the onlap-offlap history further indicates everwet conditions during lowstands and inferred glacial maxima and drier climate during onlap and inferred ice sheet contraction at the intermediate (~0.8 to 1.6 my) and long (106 yr) time-scales. Taken together, the relationship between inferred climate and glacioeustasy suggests a likely teleconnection between high-latitude ice sheet behavior and low-latitude atmospheric dynamics

Досвід відновлення кишкової мікрофлори у хворих на гостру та хронічну мієлоїдну лейкемію

The absence of disorders of the intestinal microecology enables to reduce the risk of infectious complications by preventing the translocation of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in the biotopes of the upper respiratory tract and allows to conduct the courses of anticancer therapy in patients with leukemia of the myeloid origin. The aim of our research was to restore the microecology of the intestine in patients with acute (AML) and chronic (CML) myeloid leukemia. As result of monitoring of the intestinal microecology in 85.7% of patients with AML and in 70.4% with CML anaerobes of Bifidobacterium genus have not been found; bacteria of Lactobacillus genus have been isolated from the intestine of 57.1% of patients with CML and 71.4% with AML (in one third of the patients its quantity was lower than the physiological norm (103-107 CFU/g). After the course of probiotic therapy bifidobacteria were isolated from the biotope of all patients, lactobacteria – from the intestine of all CML patients and 83.3% of the patients with AML, in the second group the bacterial titres increased (from 103-108 CFU/g tо 106-109 CFU/g). At first E. coli were isolated in low titres (101-103 CFU/g), and after termination – within the physiological norm (106-108 CFU/g). When conducting probiotic therapy the titres of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria did not increase or decreased by 10 times. Probiotic therapy allows to restore the normal microecology of the intestine, improve the physiological state and timely conduct the courses of polychemotherapy in AML and CML patients.Отсутствие нарушений микроэкологии кишечника дает возможность снизить риск инфекционных осложнений за счет предотвращения транслокации условно патогенных бактерий (УПБ) в биотопы верхних дыхательных путей и позволяет своевременно провести курсы противоопухолевой терапии у больных лейкемией миелоидного происхождения. Цель исследования восстановить микроэкологию кишечника у больных острой (ОМЛ) и хронической (ХМЛ) миелоидной лейкемией. В результате мониторинга микроэкологии кишечника у 85,7% больных ОМЛ и 70,4% ХМЛ не выявлены анаэробы рода Bifidobacterium; бактерии рода Lactobacillus выделяли из кишечника 57,1% больных ХМЛ и 71,4% больных ОМЛ (у трети больных их количество было ниже физиологической нормы (103-107 КОЕ/г)). После курса пробиотикотерапии бифидобактерии выделяли из биотопа больных обеих групп, лактобактерии – из кишечника всех больных ХМЛ и 83,3 % пациентов с ОМЛ, у последних бактериальные титры повысились (от  103-108 КОЕ/г до 106-109 КОЕ/г). Кишечную палочку сначала изолировали в низких титрах (101-103 КУО/г), після закінчення терміну – у межах фізіологічної норми (106-108 КОЕ/г), после окончания срока – в пределах физиологической нормы (106-108 КОЕ/г). При проведении пробиотикотерапии титры УПБ не увеличивались либо снижались в 10 раз. Пробиотикотерапия дает возможность восстановить нормальную микроэкологию кишечника, улучшить физиологическое состояние и своевременно проводить курсы полихимиотерапии у больных ОМЛ и ХМЛ.Відсутність порушень мікроекології кишечника сприяє зниженню ризику інфекційно-запальних ускладнень за рахунок запобігання транслокації умовно патогенних бактерій (УПБ) до біотопів верхніх дихальних шляхів та дозволяє вчасно провести курси протипухлинної терапії у хворих на лейкемію мієлоїдного походження. Мета дослідження полягала у відновленні мікроекології кишечника у хворих на гостру (ГМЛ) і хронічну (ХМЛ) мієлоїдну лейкемію. За моніторингом мікроекології кишечника у 85,7% хворих на ГМЛ і 70,4% на ХМЛ не виявлені анаероби роду Bifidobacterium; бактерії роду Lactobacillus ізолювали з кишечника 57,1% хворих на ХМЛ і 71,4% хворих на ГМЛ (у третини хворих їх кількість була нижче за фізіологічну норму (103-107 КУО/г)). Після курсу пробіотикотерапії біфідобактерії ізолювали з біотопу хворих обох груп, лактобактерії з кишечника всіх хворих на ХМЛ і 83,3% пацієнтів з ГМЛ, в останніх бактеріальні титри підвищилися (з 103-108 КУО/г до 106-109 КУО/г). Кишкову паличку на початку ізолювали у низьких титрах (101-103 КУО/г), після закінчення терміну – у межах фізіологічної норми (106-108 КУО/г). Протягом проведення пробіотикотерапії титри УПБ не підвищувалися або знижувалися у 10 разів. Пробіотикотерапія дає змогу відновити нормальну мікроекологію кишечника, покращити фізіологічний стан, якість життя та своєчасно проводити курси поліхіміотерапії у хворих на ГМЛ і ХМЛ

High-Precision U-Pb Zircon Age Calibration of the Global Carboniferous Time Scale and Milankovitch Band Cyclicity in the Donets Basin, Eastern Ukraine

High-precision ID-TIMS U-Pb zircon ages for 12 interstratified tuffs and tonsteins are used to radiometrically calibrate the detailed lithostratigraphic, cyclostratigraphic, and biostratigraphic framework of the Carboniferous Donets Basin of eastern Europe. Chemical abrasion of zircons, use of the internationally calibrated EARTHTIME mixed U-Pb isotope dilution tracer, and improved mass spectrometry guided by detailed error analysis have resulted in an age resolution o

Carboniferous conodont biostratigraphy

El Serpukhoviense en el Palaeotethys Occidental: variaciones climáticas y sus consecuencias sobre las biotas, aspectos paleoambientales, paleogeográficos y bioestratigráficosCarboniferous conodont biostratigraphy comprises regional zonations that reflect the palaeogeographical distribution of taxa and distinct shallow-water and deep-water conodont biofacies. Some species have a global distribution and can effect high quality correlations. These taxa are incorporated into definitions of global Carboniferous chronostratigraphic units. A standard global Carboniferous zonation has not been developed. The lowermost Mississippian is zoned by Siphonodella species, excepet in shallow-water facies, where other polygnathids are used. Gnathodus species radiated during the Tournaisian and are used to define many Mississippian zones. A late Tournaisian maximum in diversity, characterized by short-lived genera, was followed by lower diversity faunas of Gnathodus species and carminate genera through the Visean and Serpukhovian. By the late Visean and Serpukhovian, Lochriea provides better biostratigraphic resolution. Shallow-water zonations based on Cavusgnathus and Mestognathus are difficult to correlate. An extinction event near the base of the Pennsylvanian was followed by the appearance of new gnathodid genera: Rhachistognathus, Declinognathodus, Neognathodus, Idiognathoides and Idiognathodus. By the middle of the Moscovian, few genera remained: Idiognathodus, Neognathodus and Swadelina. During the middle Kasimovian and Gzhelian, only Idiognathodus and Streptognathodus species were common. Near the end of the Gzhelian, a rediversification of Streptognathodus species extended into the Cisuralian.S B-F and J S-L would like to thank the support provided by the project CGL2016–78738-P of the Spanish Government

УТОЧНЕНА ЗОНАЛЬНА ШКАЛА ЗА КОНОДОНТАМИ МОСКОВСЬКОГО ЯРУСУ ДОНЕЦЬКОГО БАСЕЙНУ

The updated conodont zonation for the lower part of the Pennsylvanian (Upper Carboniferous) of the Donets Basin, which embraces the Bashkirian/Moscovian boundary beds and the Moscovian Stage is proposed. Seven conodont zones are described. The Moscovian conodont zones of Donbas are described for the first time. The updated correlation scheme of the Moscovian conodont zones of the Donets Basin and Moscow Syneclize is given.На основании анализа распределения в нижней части пенсильванской подсистемы (верхний карбон) Донецкого бассейна, которая охватывает пограничные отложения башкирского и московского ярусов и отложения московского яруса, предлагается модифицированная зональная схема по конодонтам для изученного интервала разреза. Конодонтовые зоны московского яруса описываются впервые. Приводится уточненная таблица корреляции конодонтовых зон московского яруса Донбасса и Московской синеклизы.На основі вивчення розповсюдження конодонтів нижньої частини пенсільванської підсистеми (верхній карбон) Донецького басейну, що включає пограничні відклади башкирського та московського ярусу і московський ярус Донбасу, запропонована модифікована конондонтова зональна схема вивченого інтервалу. Описано сім конодонтових зон. Зони московського ярусу Донбасу описані вперше. Наведена уточнена та доповнена таблиця кореляції конодонтових зон московського ярусу Донбасу та Московської синеклізи

Sustainable development marketing in education: Implementation of SMART technologies in the educational process

The relevance of this study stems from the exploration of potential approaches to the management of higher education institutions in the context of the ongoing digitalisation and informatisation trends shaping contemporary society. The study aimed to develop an approach for structuring the educational process in an institution through the application of SMART technologies (Specific, Measurable, Assignable, Realistic, Time-Related) to enhance the quality of education. The study employed a methodology combining distinct mathematical models from the theory of digital automata. This approach enabled the implementation of a tailored algorithm for surveying devices within the monitoring zone. It also incorporated methods of synthesis, economic analysis, logical generalisation, as well as graphical and bibliographic techniques for the visualisation of results. The scope of the study included educational institution network infrastructure (such as cameras and environmental monitoring sensors) and individual electronic devices used by participants in the educational process, including smartphones, tablets, and smartwatches. An environment of a "smart educational institution" was established, enabling decision-making support based on data from SMART devices and ensuring feedback aligned with students' needs. The feature of distributed data processing was implemented using an additional managed switch, with its control modified based on automata theory. The proposed approach was tested at the State Tax University (Irpin) through the voluntary participation of second- to fourth-year bachelor's degree students in March-April 2024. The results obtained were compared to those achieved without the use of SMART devices and demonstrated a 1.2% improvement in the quality of educational services. This enhancement was attributed to improved attendance rates and increased engagement of higher education students in the knowledge acquisition process. The practical significance of this study lies in the potential application of the proposed solution to enhance the quality of educational services in higher education institutions, contributing to increased consumer satisfactio

Перейменування вулиць м. Чернігова у світлі соціолінгвістики

Background. The article focuses on socio-onomastic aspects of street renaming that took place in Chernihiv from 1991 up to 2020. The research shows some specific features of the decommunization process, specifically the issues of soviet street names elimination in the city.Purpose. The objective of this article is to present a comprehensive investigation of the recent changes in the toponymic landscape of Chernihiv. The study aims to identify the key criteria for street names selection as well as to specify some problems related to it.Methods. The research made use of comparative and descriptive methods. Additionally, the elements of statistical and biographical analysis were applied.Results. The findings of this study reveal that the toponymic landscape of the city has been undergoing a process of linguistic and mental decolonization, enabled by the set of decommunization laws. The research provides insights into techniques of replacing ideological soviet toponyms with the new ones. They include the usage of semantically neutral onyms, emphasis on the local history, and lack of references to historical figures who are considered ambiguous in society. Furthermore, a number of soviet markers which did not fall under decommunization are detected to be functioning nowadays.Discussion. The research suggests that the toponymic system of Chernihiv requires more attention due to its long history of russification and the borderland location. Currently, further changes in the local linguistic landscape are mostly prevented by local authorities; additionally, the revision of soviet street names is not supported by the senior generation of citizens who feel nostalgic for the USSR.Manuscript received 28.08.2020 У статті висвітлено соціоономастичні аспекти перейменування вулиць м. Чернігова в період від 1991 р. і до сьогодні. Проаналізовано особливості процесу декомунізації та проблеми, пов’язані із заміною радянських найменувань у місті. Увагу зосереджено на дискусіях щодо запропонованих/відхилених годонімів, а також розглянуто перспективи подальших змін у топонімічному ландшафті Чернігова.Матеріал надійшов 28.08.202

Деякі аспекти мовної ситуації Чернігова (на матеріалі опитування школярів у 2018 році)

Background. The article focuses on the current language situation in Chernihiv, the center of the borderland region in Northern Ukraine. The research shows some specific features of Ukrainian-Russian bilingualism among secondary school pupils of the city.Purpose. The objective of this study is to investigate the results of the survey conducted in 2018 among 677 pupils. The study aims to present the current situation, issues, and perspectives of the Ukrainian-Russian bilingualism among young citizens of Chernihiv.Methods.The research made use of 10-minute sociolinguistic questionnaires as well as observations on pupils’ language behavior. Additionally, a comparative analysis was applied to reveal the dynamics of the language situation in the city within the assigned time.Results. The findings of this study showed an asymmetric character in the bilingualism among pupils. In particular, they emphasized the domination of Ukrainian within the educational sphere, while Russian proved to be the main language of use in the respondents’ everyday life. A long-running process of russification resulted in youths’ unwillingness to code-switch during the communication with Ukrainian speaking people, which is also typical of the cities in Southern and Eastern Ukraine. The language situation in schools is diglossic: Ukrainian is used mostly as the language of classroom instruction, whereas Russian is spoken in the intervals between the classes.Discussion. Despite the domination of Russian in their everyday life, local pupils expressed positive attitudes towards the Ukrainian language and recognized it as one of the elements of the Ukrainian statehood. Nevertheless, the language situation of Chernihiv requires more investigation due to its demographic issues and increasing population ageing.Article received 11.11.2018У статті проаналізовано результати соціолінгвістичного анкетування, проведеного в навчаль­них закладах середньої освіти міста Чернігова протягом лютого–квітня 2018 р. Розглянуто мовну поведінку молодих чернігівців, їхнє ставлення до українсько-російського білінгвізму; встановлено рівень престижності державної мови серед місцевих старшокласників та перспективи розвитку мовної ситуації в Чернігові.Матеріал надійшов 11.11.201