The specific entropy of elliptical galaxies: an explanation for profile-shape distance indicators?

Dynamical systems in equilibrium have a stationary entropy; we suggest that elliptical galaxies, as stellar systems in a stage of quasi-equilibrium, may have a unique specific entropy. This uniqueness, a priori unknown, should be reflected in correlations between the parameters describing the mass (light) distribution in galaxies. Following recent photometrical work (Caon et al. 1993; Graham & Colless 1997; Prugniel & Simien 1997), we use the Sersic law to describe the light profile of elliptical galaxies and an analytical approximation to its three dimensional deprojection. The specific entropy is calculated supposing that the galaxy behaves as a spherical, isotropic, one-component system in hydrostatic equilibrium, obeying the ideal gas state equations. We predict a relation between the 3 parameters of the Sersic, defining a surface in the parameter space, an `Entropic Plane', by analogy with the well-known Fundamental Plane. We have analysed elliptical galaxies in Coma and ABCG 85 clusters and a group of galaxies (associated with NGC 4839). We show that the galaxies in clusters follow closely a relation predicted by the constant specific entropy hypothesis with a one-sigma dispersion of 9.5% around the mean value of the specific entropy. Assuming that the specific entropy is also the same for galaxies of different clusters, we are able to derive relative distances between the studied clusters. If the errors are only due to the determination of the specific entropy (about 10%), then the error in the relative distance determination should be less than 20% for rich clusters. We suggest that the unique specific entropy may provide a physical explanation for the distance indicators based on the Sersic profile put forward by Young & Currie (1994, 1995) and discussed by Binggeli & Jerjen (1998).Comment: Submitted to MNRAS (05/05/99), 15 pages, 10 figure

Coulomb blockade in graphene nanoribbons

We propose that recent transport experiments revealing the existence of an energy gap in graphene nanoribbons may be understood in terms of Coulomb blockade. Electron interactions play a decisive role at the quantum dots which form due to the presence of necks arising from the roughness of the graphene edge. With the average transmission as the only fitting parameter, our theory shows good agreement with the experimental data.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Potencial biotecnológico das algas dos Açores

Jornadas de Biotecnologia. CIRN: Ciclo de Ciência 2013, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Açores, 12 de abril

Azores marine algal flora: how endangered is it?

Unesco chair for "Conservation of plant biodiversity in Macaronesia and the West of Africa", Gran Canaria, 27-28 November 2013

Ilhéus dos Açores: conservação e valorização.

Os ilhéus de Vila Franca e Mosteiros são alvo de investigação como objectivo de desenvolver planos de monitorização que permitam a respectiva conservação e valorização.A secção Biologia é coordenada pelo Professor Universitário Armindo Rodrigues

On the Consistency of a Fermion-Torsion Effective Theory

We discuss the possibility to construct an effective quantum field theory for an axial vector coupled to a Dirac spinor field. A massive axial vector describes antisymmetric torsion. The consistency conditions include unitarity and renormalizability in the low-energy region. The investigation of the Ward identities and the one- and two-loop divergences indicate serious problems arising in the theory. The final conclusion is that torsion may exist as a string excitation, but there are very severe restrictions for the existence of a propagating torsion field, subject to the quantization procedure, at low energies.Comment: LaTeX, 26 pages, 4 figure

Macroalgas marinhas do litoral da ilha do Pico.

VI Expedição Científica do Departamento de Biologia - Pico 1991.A ilha do Pico, localizada no grupo central do arquipélago dos Acores despertou desde há algum tempo o interesse de vários cientistas. 0s estudos de sistemática das macroalgas marinhas do seu litoral remontam ao século XIX (Piccone, 1889) mas só muito recentemente tiveram seguimento (Palminha, 1957; Fralick et al., 1985; Fralick & Hehre, 1990) e mesmo então esses estudos tiveram todos um carácter esporádico. Ao integrar a Expedição Científica Pico/1991 o principal objectivo foi o de fazer uma actualização e eventual confirmação dos registos algológicos existentes, contribuindo simultaneamente para um conhecimento mais aprofundado da vegetação fitobentónica do litoral açoreano