Análise da relação entre a distribuição espacial das morbidades por obesidade e hipertensão arterial para o estado de São Paulo, Brasil, de 2000 a 2010

A expansão da obesidade em diversos países do mundo na última década tem resultado no aumento da morbidade e mortalidade por hipertensão arterial e suas complicações. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a distribuição espacial da obesidade e hipertensão arterial no estado de São Paulo no período de 2000 a 2010, a partir de registros hospitalares e internação do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH - SUS). Foram utilizados coeficientes de prevalência das doenças em cada município suavizadas pelo método bayesiano empírico, permitindo uma visualização do padrão espacial dessas morbidades no Estado. Foi explorada a dependência espacial destes padrões verificando a autocorrelação entre os indicadores por meio do cálculo do Índice de Autocorrelação Espacial de Moran. Além disso, estudou-se a correlação positiva (Pearson) entre obesidade e hipertensão. Os dados e os mapas mostraram clusters de 87 municípios onde há maior e menor prevalência de hipertensão e obesidade no espaço com forte autocorrelação entre os municípios vizinhos. O coeficiente correlação de Pearson encontrado para esses municípios foi de 0,404 e sugere associação entre as morbidades. As técnicas de análise espacial mostraram-se úteis para o planejamento de ações de saúde pública.The increased prevalence of obesity in many countries in the last decade has resulted in increased morbidity and mortality from hypertension and associated complications. The objective of this work is to analyze the spatial distribution of obesity and hypertension in the state of São Paulo in the period from 2000 to 2010, based on hospital records and admissions from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (HIS - SUS). Coefficients were used for the prevalence of the disease in each municipality averaged out by the empirical Bayesian method, enabling visualization of the spatial pattern of these morbidities in the state. The spatial dependence of these standards was assessed by checking the autocorrelation between the indicators by calculating Moran's Index of Spatial Autocorrelation. Furthermore, the positive correlation (Pearson) between obesity and hypertension was investigated. Data and maps showed clusters of 87 municipalities where there are higher and lower prevalence of hypertension and obesity in the location with marked autocorrelation between neighboring municipalities. The Pearson correlation coefficient found for these municipalities was 0.404 and suggests an association between the morbidities. The spatial analysis techniques proved useful for planning public health actions.Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita FilhoUniversidade Estadual de Campinas Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e SocialUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filh

The history of infection control: Pasteur the lynch-pin

T his is the eighth in a series of articles outlining the key developments in the history of infection control. The articles first appeared in the ISSM Journal. </jats:p

The history of infection control: Semmelweis and handwashing

This is the third in a series of articles outlining the key developments in the history of infection control. The articles first appeared in the ISSM Journal. </jats:p

Legionnaire's Disease — Part 2

The last 30 years has seen the development of knowledge about legionella; how the disease is spread, and its therapy. Unlike other water-borne spread, and its therapy. Unlike other water-borne microbes legionella appear naturally in water, and are spread to humans via aerosols. Most infections are sporadic, but outbreaks such as those in the UK at Kingston and Stafford Hospitals hit the headlines. The dangers of recycling hot water and wet cooling systems have become apparent, and the need for a high index of suspicion and quick response to finding unexpected cases — as in transplant patients in hospital or linked cases such as two BBC workers on one day — is essential. </jats:p

The history of infection control: Joseph Lister

This is the fifth in a series of articles outlining the key developments in the history of infection control. The articles first appeared in the ISSM Journal. </jats:p

The history of infection control: Tools of the trade — the optical microscope

This is the eleventh in a series of articles outlining the key developments in the history of infection control. </jats:p

The history of infection control: Robert Koch – father of medical microbiology part 2

T his is the seventh in a series of articles outlining the key developments in the history of infection control. The articles first appeared in the ISSM Journal. </jats:p

The history of infection control: Florence Nightingale part 1: 1820-1856

T his is the ninth in a series of articles outlining the key developments in the history of infection control. </jats:p