Lateral and Medial Epicondylitis: Definition, Diagnosis, Screening and Treatment Algorithms

Medial/lateral epicondylitis is related to repetitive work activities which causes loss of labor. It sometimes becomes a chronic painful pathology. The main effect to protect the patients from such pathology should focus on avoiding repetitive patterns of work actually; however, it is not possible generally. Traditional treatment modalities such as physical therapies with the use of epicondylitis bands and intralesional steroid injections should be combined with newer modalities such as prolotherapy and prp injections in the treatment algorithm. In this chapter stages of the disease will be explained and those newer techniques and the mechanism of the healing would be detailed

Strategic Leadership and Its Reflections in Educational Organizations

The historical leadership records that have continued over these centuries have caused people to think, question and do different research on the characteristics of leaders. Especially in the twentyfirst century, it is seen that leadership and leader effectiveness have become an important issue in scientific research. Today, together with the changing structures and processes in organizational studies, strategy and vision development, goal and goal setting and leadership processes are the prominent concepts. Organizations must thoroughly assess the opportunities and risks in the environment in the twenty-first century if they are willing to grow and acquire a competitive advantage. They must also embrace flexible management techniques and have strategic leaders who can carry out these responsibilities. strategic leaders should focus on achieving sustainable competitive advantage or sustainable organizational success in organizations. A leader who is in the middle of a rapid change must be able to use his leadership qualities well in order for the organization to continue successfully. Strategic leadership, as it attaches importance to change, prefers long-term studies and solutions, ensures the acceptance of the vision by involving everyone, keeps development and progress above everything else, and has features from other leadership types, can be considered an appropriate type of leadership both for educational organizations and other organizations

Imaging of Pelvic and Femoral Fixation Hardware: Normal Findings and Hardware Failure

AbstractGood outcomes following treatment of pelvic ring injuries, acetabular fractures, and femur fractures rely on restoration of native pelvic or limb alignment, anatomical reduction and rigid stability of articular fractures, and early postoperative mobilization. Multiple surgical approaches, reduction aids, and orthopaedic implants are available to stabilize these fractures. Despite best practices, complications including hardware failure, nonunions, malunions, and infections occur. This article discusses common fracture classification systems, implants, and imaging findings associated with unwanted complications in fractures of the pelvis, acetabulum, and femur.</jats:p

A Pilot Study of a Novel Fixation Technique for Fixation of Comminuted Patellar Fractures: Arthroscopic-Controlled Reduction and Circular External Fixation

AbstractPatella fractures represent for 0.5 to 1.5% of all bony injuries in adults. Open reduction and the modified tension-band technique is the most common surgical technique used for patellar fractures. The purpose of this study is to present the outcomes of 26 comminuted patellar fractures treated with circular external fixator (CEF) under arthroscopic control and discuss its potential advantages over conventional surgical methods. This retrospective study included 26 patients who had closed comminuted patellar fractures and treated by CEF under arthroscopic control between January 2002 and March 2016. All patients treated with this technique were involved to the study as a consecutive series. Patients with noncomminuted transverse fractures were excluded, because they were treated with a different technique. Of the 26 patients 22 were male, 4 were female with the mean age of 33.5 years (range, 16–56 years). Patients were followed for 20 to 28 months (mean, 22 months). The mean time to union and the duration of fixation with the CEF ring was 12 weeks (range, 6–15 weeks). The mean Lysholm's score was 45 (range, 35–58) at the 10th postoperative day, which increased to 51 (range, 40–68) at the end of the first postoperative month and increased to 95 (range, 90–100) 1 month after CEF ring removal. Minor pin tract infection by pin-skin irritation was observed in nine patients. In one patient, refracture occurred due to a fall 19 days after CEF removal. CEF appears to be a safe and effective treatment for comminuted patellar fractures with a high union rate and minimal complications. It is safe and effective, as it allows short hospital stay and avoids a second surgery for removal of the instrument. Early rehabilitation with full weight-bearing promotes rapid recovery and quick return to work. Patients do not have a large unaesthetic scar on the anterior of the knee.</jats:p