Anaokulu Çocuklarının Teknolojik Alet Kullanımı, Ebeveynlerinin Tutum ve Davranışları

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Edirne il merkezindeki anaokullarına kayıtlı çocukların teknolojik alet kullanımları ve ebeveynlerinin bu konudaki tutum/davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi ve ebeveynlerin çocuğun teknolojik aletleri kullanımları üzerindeki etkilerine dikkat çekilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya, Edirne İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı, Edirne il merkezinde bulunan tüm resmi ve özel anaokullarıyla ilkokullar bünyesindeki anasınıfları olmak üzere 30 okulun tamamı dâhil edildi. Evreni 1.892 çocuğun ebeveyni oluşturmakla birlikte tamamına ulaşılması hedeflendi. Elli dokuz sorudan oluşan anket formu tüm ebeveynlere ulaştırıldı. Ebeveynlerin 942’si anketi doldurdu (%49,7). Bulgular: Çalışmamızda, 3-6 yaş arasındaki çocukların %96,1’inin televizyon izlediği (n=905), %40,4’ünün bilgisayar (n=381), %54,7’sinin tablet (n=515) ve %84,5’inin akıllı telefon (n=787) kullandığı saptandı. Çocukların %5,7’sinin bilgisayar (n=54), %7,5’inin tablet (n=71), %12,2’sinin akıllı telefon (n=115) kullanmaya, %47,6’sının (n=449) televizyon izlemeye 2 yaşından önce başladığı saptandı. Çocukların %42,1’inin günlük toplam ekran zamanının bir saatten fazla olduğu saptandı. Evde televizyonun açık kalma süresi (

Yaşlılarda Kronik Ağrı Durumu ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Yaşlılarda hastalıklar daha sık görülmekte, buna bağlı olarak ağrı da beraberinde bir seyir göstermektedir. Hissedilen ağrı yaşam kalitesini önemli ölçüde bozmakta ve ilaç kullanımı yoğunlaşmaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı yaşlılarda kronik ağrı şiddetini belirlemek ve ağrıyı etkileyen durumları değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 456 yaşlı birey dahil edilmiştir. Yaş ortalaması 71,19±6,27 (min: 65, maks: 93) olarak saptanmıştır. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik bilgileri, hastalıkları, kullandıkları ilaçları, kronik ağrı varlığı ve etkileyen durumları, kronik ağrıları için uygulanmış tıbbi tedavileri sorgulayan 45 soru; ek olarak yaşlı bireylerin ağrı durumlarını değerlendiren 24 soruluk Geriatrik Ağrı Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların 272’si (%59,6) kadındı. Geriatrik Ağrı Ölçeği skorlarına göre 279 (%61,2) kişinin orta şiddette, 85 (%18,6) kişinin ise şiddetli ağrısı vardı. Kronik ağrı nedeniyle %87,7 ile en yoğun ilaç tedavisi kullanılmaktaydı. Katılımcıların sadece 200’ü (%43,9) kullandığı ilaçlar ile ilgili yeterli bilgisi olduğunu düşünüyordu. Kronik ağrı şiddeti ile kadın cinsiyet (

Residents' views about family medicine specialty education in Turkey

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Residents are one of the key stakeholders of specialty training. The Turkish Board of Family Medicine wanted to pursue a realistic and structured approach in the design of the specialty training programme. This approach required the development of a needs-based core curriculum built on evidence obtained from residents about their needs for specialty training and their needs in the current infrastructure. The aim of this study was to obtain evidence on residents' opinions and views about Family Medicine specialty training.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The board prepared a questionnaire to investigate residents' views about some aspects of the education programme such as duration and content, to assess the residents' learning needs as well as their need for a training infrastructure. The questionnaire was distributed to the Family Medicine Departments (n = 27) and to the coordinators of Family Medicine residency programmes in state hospitals (n = 11) by e-mail and by personal contact.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 191 questionnaires were returned. The female/male ratio was 58.6%/41.4%. Nine state hospitals and 10 university departments participated in the study. The response rate was 29%. Forty-five percent of the participants proposed over three years for the residency duration with either extensions of the standard rotation periods in pediatrics and internal medicine or reductions in general surgery. Residents expressed the need for extra rotations (dermatology 61.8%; otolaryngology 58.6%; radiology 52.4%). Fifty-nine percent of the residents deemed a rotation in a private primary care centre necessary, 62.8% in a state primary care centre with a proposed median duration of three months. Forty-seven percent of the participants advocated subspecialties for Family Medicine, especially geriatrics. The residents were open to new educational methods such as debates, training with models, workshops and e-learning. Participation in courses and congresses was considered necessary. The presence of a department office and the clinical competency of the educators were more favored by state residents.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This study gave the Board the chance to determine the needs of the residents that had not been taken into consideration sufficiently before. The length and the content of the programme will be revised according to the needs of the residents.</p

Migraine headaches among university students using id migraine test as a screening tool

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Migraine is a significant health problem, especially for the young people, due to its frequency and accompanying morbidity, causing disability and loss of performance. In this study, our aim was to determine the prevalence of migraine headaches among university students in Edirne, a Turkish city.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this cross-sectional and descriptive study, study population was composed of students registered to Trakya University in the academic year of 2008-2009. Out of these, 3694 of them accepted to participate. Participants who had two or more headaches in the last 3 months formed the headache group. Afterwards, two preliminary questions were applied to the headache group and participants with at least one affirmative response were asked to perform the validated ID-Migraine™ test.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean age of 3694 students participated in the study was 19.23 ± 1.84 (17-39 years), with adolescents:adult ratio being 2.5:1. 1613 students (43.7%) did have at least two headaches in the last three months. Migraine-type headache was detected in 266 subjects (7.2%) based on the ID-Migraine™ test. Of the migraine group, 72 were male (27.1%) and 194 were female (72.9%). There was no significant difference in migraine prevalence between adolescent and adult age groups.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>With a prevalence similar to adults, primary care physicians should be aware of the probability of migraine headaches in university students in order to maintain a successful school performance.</p

The Relationship and Distinctions Between Editors and Reviewers

In today’s world, scientific publications play a more distinctive role than ever. Even people with no academic background, or even media, are following the medical journals and publications with a growing interest and as a source to keep up with the current knowledge and outcomes. Therefore, the integrity and accountability of scientific publications, especially in medical journals, have been of utmost interest for scientific publishers. This leads to a more vigorous and objective evaluation process for the journals. The main role seems to be on the Editors’ shoulders, however a peer review by independent reviewers is the key to an objective evaluation for a trustworthy scientific publication. This article is aiming to highlight some important key features of the editorial process and define an outline of the roles of the actors in this practice. Keywords: peer review, editorial policies, publishing</jats:p

Traditional and Complementary Medicine Methods

World Health Organization describes traditional and complementary medicine as “the sum total of the knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures, whether explicable or not, used in the maintenance of health, as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illnesses”. The use of traditional and complementary medicine has a long history. As a result of increasing life expectancy of people, chronic and malignant diseases increases. Because of health care workers can not allocate enough time and the reasons such as avoiding the side effects of drugs, patients have increased interest in traditional and complementary medicine methods. It is predicted that the use of these methods will increase even more over time. To protect people from the harmful effects of these methods and to prevent unauthorized use, a variety of arrangements have been made in Turkey and in the world. For this reason, on October 27, 2014 "Regulations of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices" was published. In this regulation, 15 methods are accepted and their usage areas are expressed. These are phytotherapy, mesotherapy, maggot therapy, prolotherapy, cupping therapy, music therapy, hypnotherapy, homeopathy, hirudotherapy, ozone therapy, osteopathy, reflexology, acupuncture, apitherapy and chiropractic. Generally, patients do not tell their physician that they are using one of these methods. No matter what causes people to use these methods, if they use them unconsciously; diagnosis of diseases may be delayed, side effects may occur, or patients may be damaged by persons who are not authorized to perform these methods. For this reason, physicians should be aware of the tendencies of their patients and protect them from misuse by increasing their awareness.</jats:p

The Reliability and Validity Analysis of The Turkish Version of the Test to Assess the Psychological Dependence on Smoking

Aim: Psychological component of cigarette dependence is as important as its physical component. In addition to psychoactive material in the cigarette, factors such as happiness, joy, accompaniment with another activity, feeling self-confident confidence and social status play an effective role in smoking dependence. This signifies the fact that smoking dependence has to be dealt with in a multidimensional way. Test to Assess the Psychological Dependence on Smoking (TAPDS) published by Ponciano-Rodríguez et al, is developed to assess the psychological dependence on tobacco. The aim of this study iis study aims to test the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Test to Assess the Psychological Dependence on Smoking in the Turkish population. Methods: The Test to Assess the Psychological Dependence on Smoking (TAPDS) Turkish Version with 25 questions along with a sociodemographic form was handed out to volunteer participants. Data was were collected from a total number of 420 voluntary participants, who were randomly selected and current smokers. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed and Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω coefficients were used to determine the reliability of the scores of the scale. Results: The participants consisted of 263 males and 157 females, with an average age of 31.07 years, ranging from 20 to 85. The factor loadings of the scale for all items are observed to be more than 0.30 and all the items are statistically significant. Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω values calculated for the total score are 0.93. 
Conclusion: The Turkish version of TAPDS appears to be effective for assessing psychological dependence of smoking and it can be recommended as a sufficient and highly reliable and valid scale to be used. 
Keywords: smoking, validity, reliability, psychological dependence</jats:p

The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Elderly Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: The prevalence of elderly abuse varies between 2.2% and 30.1% in European countries. There is a limited number of studies that have investigated elderly abuse in Turkey. The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence and risk factors of elder abuse, identify the factors that can affect elderly abuse, and assess the possible measures to prevent this problem. Methods: We stratified the districts enrolled in family health centers to ensure that participants were from diverse social, cultural, and economic backgrounds of Edirne and formed a representative sample of 211 people. In addition to sociodemographic characteristics, our survey consisted of the Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test, the Geriatric Depression Scale-short form, the Standardised Mini-Mental State Examination, the Barthel Index for activities of daily living, and the Lawton-Brody instrumental activities of daily living scale. Results: The prevalence of elderly abuse was determined as 9.9%, and high abuse risk was 15.2%. We found that abuse risk was higher among older people who had no social security, lived alone, were abused physically or emotionally before, reported having bad family relations, and had fewer rooms at home which leads to a lack of privacy. Furthermore, we found significant relationships between abuse risk and the depression score. Conclusions: Elderly abuse is a risk for every person regardless of gender, education level, and economic status. As an invisible problem for societies, elderly abuse brings a great burden by leading to the loss of physical, mental, and psychological health. Preventive measures should be the primary goal. All results suggest that governments, non-governmental organizations, and health care providers should combat this problem by increasing patient literacy and ensuring lifestyle changes