Recycling neutron stars to ultra short periods: a statistical analysis of their evolution in the mu-P plane

We investigate the statistical evolution of magnetic neutron stars, recycled in binary systems, simulating synthetic populations. To bracket uncertainties, we consider a soft (FP) and a stiff (PS) equation of state (EoS) for nuclear matter and explore the hypothesis that the magnetic field is confined in the stellar crust. We follow the magneto-rotational evolution within a simple recycling scenario, including the possibility of magnetospheric propeller. We find the presence of a tail in the period distribution of the synthetic populations at periods shorter than 1.558 ms, the minimum detected so far. For the soft EoS the recycling gives rise to a spin distribution which is increasing monotonically toward short periods and a clear ``barrier'' forms at the minimum period for the onset of mass shedding. For the stiff EoS the distribution is flatter displaying a broad maximum about 2-4 ms. The estimated fraction of neutron stars spinning close to their shedding limit over the millisecond pulsar population is found to be significant. Crustal magnetic field decay models predict the existence of massive (M>1.4 M_sun) rapidly spinning neutron stars with very low magnetic moment.Comment: 34 pages, 2 tables, 9 figures, Latex. Accepted (5 Jul 99) for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement

The bright optical companion to the eclipsing millisecond pulsar in NGC 6397

We report the possible optical identification of the companion to the eclipsing millisecond pulsar PSR J1740-5340 in the globular cluster NGC 6397. A bright variable star with an anomalous red colour and optical variability which nicely correlates to the orbital period of the pulsar has been found close to the pulsar position. If confirmed, the optical light curve, reminiscent of tidal distorsions similar to those observed in detached and contact binaries, support the idea that this is the first case of a Roche lobe filling companion to a millisecond pulsar.Comment: 9 pages, 4 embedded figures, submitted to ApJ Letter

PERANCANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN IPS “MATERI TOKOH PROKLAMASI KEMERDEKAAN RI” DENGAN ALAT PERAGA WAYANG GOLEK. Revan Riendanitra – 10601033

Ilmu pengetahuan sosial jasa dan peran tokoh proklamasi kemerdekaan RI sudah di perkenalkan pada anak kelas V namun hanya menggunakan media buku yang didalamnya hanya berupa teks dan sedikit gambar. Sedangkan pelajaran sejarah tentang jasa dan peran tokoh proklamasi kemerdekaan perlu mengetahui secara benar tentang yang berperan yang penyampaian nya membuat anak lebih mudah dalam memahami. Apalagi untuk anak sekolah dasar kelas V usia 11 tahun yang membutuhkan cara berfikir yang sesuai dengan usianya agar mudah dicerna. Alat peraga disini yang konsep nya, bagaimana cara anak tidak perlu membaca dan menghafal tetapi anak‐ anak mau mendengar dan melihat yaitu berupa tontonan. Konsep alat peraga yang dekat dengan cara mereka bermain dalam keseharian anak yang cenderung menonton, sama dengan konsep wayang berupa seni pertunjukan yang ditonton oleh penonton selain itu juga fungsinya wayang merupakan sebagai alat penyampaian pesan. Jadi anak belajar 2 hal yaitu anak bisa belajar tentang pelajaran disekolah dengan menggunakan alat peraga dan juga melestarikan wayang dengan mengfungsikan wayang sebagai alat perag

Neutron stars with submillisecond periods: a population of high mass objects?

Fast spinning neutron stars, recycled in low mass binaries, may have accreted a substantial amount of mass. The available relativistic measurements of neutron star masses, all clustering around 1.4 M_sun, however refer mostly to slowly rotating neutron stars which accreted a tiny amount of mass during evolution in a massive binary system. We develop a semi-analytical model for studying the evolution of the spin period P of a magnetic neutron star as a function of the baryonic mass load M_{ac}; evolution is followed down to submillisecond periods and the magnetic field is allowed to decay significantly before the end of recycling. We use different equations of state and include rotational deformation effects, the presence of a strong gravitational field and of a magnetosphere. For the non-magnetic case, comparison with numerical relativistic codes shows the accuracy of our description. The minimum accreted mass requested to spin-up a magnetized 1.35M_sun-neutron star at a few millisecond is 0.05 M_sun, while this value doubles for an unmagnetized neutron star. Below 1 millisecond the request is of at least 0.25 M_sun. There may exist a yet undetected population of massive submillisecond neutron stars. The discovery of a submillisecond neutron star would imply a lower limit for its mass of about 1.7M_sun.Comment: To appear in the Astrophysical Journal, June 199

Comparação do desempenho de dois conjuntos comerciais e de dois métodos de extração para a análise de glicocorticóides fecais em jaguatiricas (Leopardus pardalis) submetidas ao desafio com ACTH

A jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis) é uma das espécies de felídeos selvagens listadas no CITES e integrantes de planos de conservação que necessariamente envolvem o emprego de técnicas de reprodução assistida. Para isso, é fundamental o desenvolvimento de técnicas práticas, de alta repetibilidade e pouco invasivas, que permitam o estudo da fisiologia reprodutiva animal. Objetivou-se neste experimento comparar e validar os ensaios realizados com os conjuntos comerciais ImmuChem Double Antibody Corticosterone 125I RIE da ICN Biomedicals, Costa Mesa, CA, USA e Coat-a-count Cortisol 125I RIE da DPC, Los Angeles, CA, USA, na mensuração dos metabólitos de glicocorticóides das fezes de jaguatiricas por meio do desafio com ACTH. Para este estudo foram utilizadas amostras fecais de cinco indivíduos que se encontravam no Centro Brasileiro de Felinos Neotropicais, Associação Mata Ciliar, Pedreira, SP, Brasil, sendo que um destes animais foi escolhido como controle negativo. O experimento foi conduzido em um período de nove dias. No dia 0 foi administrada uma dose total de 100 UI IM de ACTH (hormônio adrenocorticotrópico). Imediatamente após a colheita, as amostras de fezes foram conservadas a -20ºC em sacos plásticos identificados e posteriormente os metabólitos hormonais foram extraídos e mensurados utilizando-se os dois conjuntos comerciais. Previamente foi realizado com o conjunto comercial da DPC um teste para comparar dois métodos de extração. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o programa The SAS System for Windows V8. A média ± erro padrão dos valores obtidos pela técnica de Schwarzenberger foi levemente superior à média dos valores obtidos pela técnica de Wasser (103.334,56 ± 19.010,37ng/g de fezes úmidas e 59.223,61 ± 12.725,36ng/g de fezes úmidas, respectivamente; P=0.0657). O conjunto comercial da ICN detectou com maior clareza o aumento das concentrações dos metabólitos de glicocorticóides. Os valores do dia ) 0 e do dia 1 para os conjuntos comerciais DPC e ICN foram respectivamente 66.956,28 ± 36.786,93ng/g de fezes úmidas e 92.991,19 ± 28.555,63ng/g de fezes úmidas; 205.483,32 ± 83.811,32ng/g de fezes úmidas e 814.578,75 ± 292.150,47ng/g fezes úmidas. Para o conjunto comercial da ICN a sensibilidade foi de 7,7ng/mL para 100% B/ Bo (25 ng/mL para 88%B/Bo) e para o conjunto comercial da DPC foi de 0,2ug/dL para 90,95% B/Bo (1ug/dL para 81,27% B/Bo). Confirmou-se, portanto, que a melhor técnica de extração foi a descrita por Schwarzenberger e que o conjunto comercial da ICN Biomedicals teve um melhor desempenho para a quantificação de metabólitos de glicocorticóides em fezes de jaguatiricasThe ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) is included in list of wild felid species protected by CITES and is part of conservation strategies that necessarily involve the use of assisted reproduction techniques, which requires practical and minimally invasive techniques of high reproducibility that permit the study of animal reproductive physiology. The objective of this study was to compare and validate two commercial assays: ImmuChem Double Antibody Corticosterone 125I RIA from ICN Biomedicals, Costa Mesa, CA, USA; and Coat-a-Count Cortisol 125I RIA from DPC, Los Angeles, CA, USA, for assessment of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites in ocelots submitted to ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) challenge. Fecal samples were collected from five ocelots kept at the Brazilian Center of Neotropical Felines, Associação Mata Ciliar, São Paulo, Brazil, and one of the animals was chosen as a negative control. The experiment was conducted over a period of 9 days. On day 0, a total dose of 100 IU ACTH was administered intramuscularly. Immediately after collection the samples were stored at 20C in labeled plastic bags. The hormone metabolites were subsequently extracted and assayed using the two commercial kits. Previously it was performed a trial with the DPC kit to check the best extraction method for hormones metabolites. Data were analyzed with the SAS program for Windows V8 and reported as means ± SEM. The Schwarzenberger extraction method was slightly better when compared with the Wasser extraction method (103,334.56 ± 19,010.37ng/g of wet feces and 59,223.61 ± 12,725.36ng/g of wet feces respectively; P=0,0657). The ICN kit detected an increase in glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in a more reliable manner. Metabolite concentrations (ng/g wet feces) on day 0 and day 1 were 66,956.28 ± 36,786.93 and 92,991.19 ± 28,555.63 for the DPC kit, and 205,483.32 ± 83,811.32 and 814,578.75 ± 292,150.47 for the ICN kit, respectively. The limit of detection for the ICN kit was 7.7 ng/mL for 100% B/Bo (25ng/mL for 88%B/Bo) and for the DPC kit it was 0.2ug/dL for 90.95% B/Bo (1ug/dL for 81.27% B/Bo). In conclusion it was confirmed that the Schwarzenberger extraction method and the ICN kit are superior for extracting and measuring fecal glucocorticoid metabolites in ocelot fecal sample

Model for osmotic diarrhea in holstein calves

Com o objetivo de avaliar um protocolo de diarréia osmótica induzida, foram utilizados 18 bezerros hígidos, com idade entre oito e 30 dias de vida, e peso variando de 37 a 50kg. A diarréia e a desidratação foram induzidas por meio da administração de leite integral (16,5mL kg-1), sacarose (4g kg-1), espirolactona e hidroclorotiazida (2mg kg-1), a cada oito horas, durante dois dias. O exame físico e as coletas de sangue para determinações de componentes do hemograma, hemogasometria e de constituintes bioquímicos foram realizados em T0 (0h), T1 (24hi) e T2 (48hi). O protocolo de indução da diarréia obteve 100% de eficiência, produzindo diarréia aquosa e desidratação intensa (13% do peso corpóreo) acompanhadas de azotemia pré-renal, aumento nos valores do hematócrito, hemoglobina e proteína total, hipercalemia, hiperlactemia, hiperfosfatemia, acidose metabólica e diminuição do défict de volume plasmático e da pressão venosa central.Eighteen health Holstein calves between 18 and 30 days old and 37 weighting 50kg (body weight - BW) were used to develop a model for inducing osmotic diarrhea in order to cause a status of dehydration. Thus, sucrose (4g kg BW-1) and spirolactone and hydrochlorothiazide (2mg g BW-1) were added to the whole milk (16.5mL kg-1) each 8h for two days. Physical examination and blood samples for hemogram, acid:base status and biochemical analysis were obtained at 0 (T0), 24h (T1) and 48h (T2). Watery diarrhea and severe dehydration (13% of the BW) were seen in all calves, followed by pre-renal azotemia, high values of hematocrit, hemoglobin and total protein levels, hiperkalemia, hyperlactemia, and hyperphosphatemia, metabolic acidosis and decreased plasma volume and central venous pressure

Semen analysis of G olden R etriever healthy dogs and those affected by muscular dystrophy

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106077/1/and12079.pd

Utilisation of sperm‐binding assay combined with computer‐assisted sperm analysis to evaluate frozen‐thawed bull semen

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110567/1/and12225.pd