Рациональная организация учебного процесса как фактор здоровьесбережения студента

The aim of this study was to determine the training effects of an upper-body training program involving resistance exercise and high-intensity arm cranking on peak handcycling performance, propulsion efficiency, and biomechanical characteristics of wheelchair propulsion in able-bodied men. The training group (n = 10) received a 4-week upper-body resistance training (RT), 70% of 1 repetition maximum, 3 sets of 10 repetitions, 8 exercise stations, 2 times per week, combined with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) 2 times per week. High-intensity interval training consisted of arm-crank exercise, 7 intervals of 2 minutes at 80–90% of peak heart rate (HRpeak) with 2-minute active rest at 50–60% of HRpeak. The control group (n = 10) received no training. Both groups performed a preincremental and postincremental handcycling test until volitional exhaustion to evaluate fitness and a 4-minute submaximal wheelchair propulsion test at comfortable speed (CS), 125 and 145% of CS, to evaluate gross mechanical efficiency (GE), fraction of effective force (FEF), percentage of peak oxygen consumption (% V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak), and propulsion characteristics. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was performed (p < 0.05). Training resulted in a 28.2 ± 16.5% increase in peak power output, 13.3 ± 7.5% increase in V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak, 5.6 ± 0.9% increase in HRpeak, and 3.8 ± 1.5% decrease in HRrest. No training effects on FEF, GE, % V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak, and push characteristics were identified. In conclusion, the combined RT and arm-cranking HIIT improved fitness. However, it seems that this training did not result in improvements in propulsion efficiency and push characteristics. Additional wheelchair skill training may be needed to fully benefit from this advantage in daily life propulsion

Manejo da palhada de milho na semeadura direta de cebola

Resumo: No Brasil, a cebola é a terceira hortaliça em valor econômico, sendo a região de Irati o principal pólo de produção no Estado do Paraná. Em substituição ao tradicional transplante de mudas, a semeadura direta de cebola tem sido uma prática difundida em diversas regiões produtoras, entretanto a semeadura direta em sucessão a cultivos anteriores sobre o resíduo vegetal, ou seja, plantio direto, ainda é pouco estudada. Em sistemas de rotação, o milho tem sido o cultivo predominante a anteceder a cebola, e como eficiente produtor de matéria seca, possibilita a semeadura direta de cebola em solo coberto com palhada. A semeadura direta, com menor revolvimento do solo, mantêm, parcial ou totalmente, os resíduos vegetais na superfície e aportam continuamente matéria orgânica ao solo, a qual é responsável pela manutenção e melhoria das propriedades físicas do solo. Um adequado nível nutricional da planta garantirá aos bulbos de cebola uma melhor expressão da qualidade e coloração de casca. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do manejo da palhada do milho na produção, população de plantas, acúmulo de biomassa, diâmetro e coloração dos bulbos de cebola, conduziu-se um experimento em uma área comercial em Irati-PR. Para tanto, foram estipulados três manejos da palhada do milho e uma testemunha seguindo o padrão do produtor, a cultivar de cebola utilizada foi BR-29 e o delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Concluiu-se que a utilização do triturador Triton® possibilitou adequado estabelecimento do cultivo de cebola em semeadura direta sobre a palhada do milho, com população de plantas superior à do solo descoberto e maior produção com bulbos de qualidade e coloração de acordo com a preferência do consumidor brasileiro

Le jeu caché en classe comme espace transitionnel à la maternelle

Cet article s’intéresse à un phénomène ludique singulier : le jeu caché en classe maternelle. Une recherche qualitative interprétative a permis d’observer ce jeu non autorisé qui crée son propre espace dans un cadre scolaire qui lui est souvent hostile. Trois types de jeu caché ont été identifiés, ceux des engrenages, du faire-comme-si et du trouver-créer. L’analyse révèle que le jeu caché constitue un espace transitionnel permettant à l’enfant de s’approprier l’univers scolaire. Nous en concluons que le jeu caché relève de la nature même de l’enfant et qu’il exprime une tendance de regain du jeu plutôt que de son déclin

How does Brazil measure up? Comparing rankings through the lenses of nation brand indexes

A considerable amount of literature has been published on nation brand and yet not much regarding measurement. The purpose of this paper is to examine nation brand indexes and explore the unbalanced outcomes of a country’s position in these recognized instruments. Although research has been carried out on nation brand, no single study exists comparing a country in four diverse nation brand indexes, which are the reputable ones by Anholt (2007), Fetscherin (2010), Fombrun (2014) and Anholt and Govers (2014). This paper also reflects on the critical studies perspective of the place branding research domain, discussed by Lucarelli and Berg (2011). After a qualitative approach applied to Brazil, it is believed that these indexes mutually support and complement each other - even though they use different approaches, methodologies, samples, and data. Moreover, each of them has their own strengths and weaknesses in terms of accuracy and rationality. Findings from this paper’s evaluation may guide nation brand managers, governments, and researchers to recognize that indexes should be taken into account when analysing a nation brand and its complex image. Therefore, this paper contributes to existing knowledge on the critical studies perspective of the contemporary theoretical structure of the place branding research domain by providing a comparative study based on real data-based rankings of nation brand indexes